Source: Henan Daily
On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the discovery of Yangshao culture and the birth of modern Chinese archaeology, General Secretary Xi Jinping sent a congratulatory letter to encourage the majority of archaeologists to carry forward the fine tradition of rigorous, realistic, hard work, hard work and dedication, and strive to build archaeology with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style and Chinese style. As a major province of cultural relics and archaeology, Henan should bear in mind the entrustment of General Secretary Xi Jinping, strive to open up a new situation in the archaeological work of our province, and make every effort to build the Henan School of Archaeology with Chinese characteristics.
Sort out the contribution of the important context of the development of civilization
As early as the Han Dynasty, the famous historian Sima Qian compiled the "Records of History", which built a inheritance system for the development of Chinese civilization. The excavation of the site of Yangshao Village in Shichi, which began in 1921, is recognized by the academic community as the beginning of modern archaeology, first, because in the method of exploring ancient cultures, the method of geological excavation is used, which is obviously different from the goldstone research of traditional archaeology. Second, this excavation is characterized by faience pottery, which was later named "Yangshao Culture", which still has a great influence to this day. The excavation of the Yangshao Village site has filled the gap in China that there are no ancient cultural relics, and provided academic support for us to understand the appearance of civilization more than 5,000 years ago.
In the course of a hundred years of modern Chinese archaeology, archaeologists have excavated the ruins of henan's large capitals, such as Zhengzhou Shangcheng, Anyang Yin Ruins, Eastern Zhou Wangcheng, Han Wei Luoyang City, Sui Tang Luoyang City and Kaifeng Ancient City, which basically outlined the appearance of the important capital cities of Chinese civilization at the beginning of the Xia and Shang Dynasties, coupled with the key revelations of the ruins of Qin Xianyang City, the Ancient City of Han Chang'an, the Sui and Tang Dynasties Chang'an City, and the Yuan Dadu Ruins, comprehensively showing the development clues of Chinese civilization represented by the capital city. The integrity of these lines reflects the sustainability and fracture of the development of Chinese civilization.
It can be seen from the above situation that there are deep "Henan imprints" at the joint point of the Chinese civilization chain, and in exploring the origin, development context, brilliant achievements and major contributions to world civilization of Chinese civilization, Henan has carried more historical missions and shouldered greater responsibilities.
Inherit the good tradition of rigorous and realistic hard work
Since its birth, modern Chinese archaeology has opened a tenacious road out of the study, into the field, and to explore the endless mysteries hidden in the depths of the earth.
Rigorous and realistic scientific and serious tradition. Xia Nai, institute of archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, as the host of the excavation field work in Hui County, requires the excavators to take matters into their own hands, he also led everyone to carefully and carefully remove the traces of the Warring States carriage and horse for the first time, and asked the excavation team members to learn and master the skills of excavation, mapping, photography and so on, especially the timely collation of archaeological reports, which has formed a norm for the operation of the whole process of archaeological excavation. Since the founding of New China, the tradition that archaeologists cannot collect antiquities and cannot have the idea of digging up treasures has been formed, and the consciousness of scientific archaeology is rooted in the hearts of all archaeologists and has become the motto of archaeologists.
A tradition of hard work and dedication. Field archaeology is a very hard job. Whether it is field excavation or fieldwork, the conditions are very difficult. Chang Shuhong, Fan Jinshi and other Dunhuang archaeologists have been sticking to the depths of the desert for many years and dedicating their lives to the cause of cultural relics and archaeology. Yang Xizhang, Zheng Zhenxiang, Zhao Zhiquan, Zheng Guang and other Beijing experts are on duty in the front line of archaeology in Henan all year round.
Reveal the origin of the tradition that highlights the characteristics. The fundamental purpose of archaeology is to explore and reveal the laws of historical development and solve the missing links in Chinese history. Archaeology in such a specific country as China has attached great importance to inscriptions from the beginning, that is, to study history through the content of the text, and to enrich the cognition of history through the relics and relics of archaeological excavations.
Construct archaeology of Chinese style chinese style with Chinese characteristics
General Secretary Xi Jinping particularly emphasized the efforts to build archaeology with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style and Chinese style, better display the style of Chinese civilization, carry forward the excellent traditional Chinese culture, and make new and greater contributions to the realization of the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. As a major province of cultural relics and archaeology, Henan should bear in mind the entrustment and actively explore, and build the "Henan School" of archaeology with Chinese characteristics to become a new historical mission.
Chinese archaeology has obvious Henan characteristics. Chinese archaeology is a very ancient discipline. In 1092, Lü Da Lin wrote the book "Archaeological Map" in Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, marking the beginning of traditional Chinese archaeology. The discovery of the Yin Ruins Oracle in 1899 marked the beginning of modern Chinese archaeology. The excavation of the site of Yangshao Village in Anderson, Sweden, in 1921, opened the prelude to Chinese prehistoric archaeology and became the earliest named culture in China's Neolithic era, namely Yangshao culture. The Huixian excavation in 1950, which was established after the establishment of the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, concentrated all the efforts of the Institute to carry out large-scale excavations, which not only achieved important academic gains, but also made effective explorations for the determination of new Chinese archaeological excavation regulations and academic norms. The above can be seen that during the major node period of the development of Chinese archaeology, Henan archaeology has obvious symbolic significance.
Chinese archaeology has distinct Henan characteristics. The number of underground cultural relics in Henan ranks first in the country, the number of 100 major archaeological discoveries in the 20th century ranks first in Henan, the cumulative number of China's annual top ten archaeological discoveries ranks first in Henan, and the number of archaeological discoveries in the "100 Years" ranks first in Henan. From the oriental modern human ancestor "Xuchang people", to the Pei Ligang culture, Yangshao culture, Jiahu type, Miaodigou type, Dahe village type naming, Erlitou culture, Zhengzhou Shangcheng, Anyang Yin Ruins have become the representative sites of the three generations of civilization, the major discoveries of Chinese archaeology have a profound Henan imprint, henan these major archaeological discoveries have a profound historical background, are and the major events and important figures in Chinese history recorded in the literature, have an intrinsic connection.
Chinese archaeology has a distinct Henan team. Henan is an important birthplace of ancient Chinese civilization and a sacred place for Chinese archaeology, where archaeology has achieved a generation of masters and opened a precedent for modern archaeology. After the founding of New China, Xia Nai, Su Bingqi, An Zhimin, Wang Zhongshu, Su Bai, Zou Heng and other top-level archaeologists all had experience and research experience in Henan archaeology. Dong Zuobin, Guo Baojun, Yin Da and other early archaeologists are all fellow villagers in Henan, and also produced local archaeologists such as An Jinhuai, Xu Shunzhan, and Jiang Ruoruo, who have influenced in China. Zhengzhou University, Henan University, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Normal University and other universities have archaeology majors, which have become an important base for the cultivation of indigenous archaeological talents in Henan. Li Boqian, Liu Qingzhu, Wang Wei, Wang Zhen and other well-known domestic experts joined and led the Henan team forward. Cultural relics and archaeological research institutions at all levels, represented by the Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, have emerged a large number of young and middle-aged archeological backbones, actively moving forward and bravely shouldering heavy responsibilities in order to recreate the glory of Henan archaeology. (The author is a second-level researcher of Henan Academy of Social Sciences)