In the 5th century BC, the zhou dynasty rule was declining, and China entered the Warring States period. An ancient people that gradually grew up in the depths of the northern mountains, Xianyu, established the Zhongshan Kingdom, which was second only to the Seven Heroes of the Warring States, and together with the Eastern Zhou, Song, and Wei, it was called the "Land of a Thousand Rides "Thousand Rides (Ride: referring to the ancient four horses of the military vehicles)". It created a unique and brilliant culture, which was in a pivotal position in the Warring States period.
In 1974, the royal city of Zhongshan Kingdom was discovered in Pingshan County, Hebei Province, and more than 19,000 cultural relics were unearthed, such as Zhongshan Wang Ding, Zhongshan Wang Pot, Mountain Zigzag, Wrong Gold, Silver, Dragon and Phoenix Copper Scheme and other cultural relics, which are exquisite and rare treasures. The historical records of the Zhongshan Kingdom are rarely recorded, and the excavation of the tombs of the two Zhongshan kings has gradually unveiled its mysterious veil.
Wrong gold and silver tiger eating deer bronze seat
Warring states
Pass height 21.9 cm
In 1974, Lingshou was excavated in Pingshan County, Hebei Province
The screen is based on three pieces of copper-made gold and silver animals, this base is located in the middle, and the tiger's body is curved to the right, so that the front and back mortise on the tiger's back form an eighty-four-degree angle, and the upper screen fan is exactly curved ruler-shaped.
The overall shape is a colorful tiger, landing on three legs, one claw rising, arching its tail, and swallowing a spotted fawn. The tiger's eyes are round, the ears are straight, the hind limbs are stomping hard, the front body is down, the whole body is curved, the tiger's right claw is suspended in the air because of the deer, the concept is clever; the deer hangs its head and legs, desperately struggling in the tiger's mouth, and the short tail is upturned vigorously, as if from the slightly open mouth, it emits a mournful and mournful sound, and the shape is vivid. The overall artifacts show the dynamics and body structure of tigers and deer, and the bravery and agility of tigers are in stark contrast with the weakness and helplessness of fawns, constituting a vivid picture of the weak and the strong in nature, which is not exactly the portrayal of the Spring and Autumn Warring States society?
In the Spring and Autumn Warring States period, due to the emergence of iron, it is possible to carve fine patterns on bronze, resulting in a gold and silver wrong craft, which is one of the ancient metal fine decoration techniques, also known as "wrong gold and silver", with gold and silver or other wires, pieces embedded in the surface of bronze, constituting ornaments or text, and then using wrong stone (that is, grinding) wrong flat polishing, used to decorate containers, hooks, weapons, car tools, runes, copper mirrors, etc., wrong gold, wrong silver decoration makes the bronze appear exceptionally gorgeous, magnificent. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, the wrong gold and silver gradually declined.
Wrong gold and silver four dragons four phoenix copper scheme
Height 36.2cm, length 47.5cm, width 47cm
The surface of this plan was originally painted, which has decayed and no longer exists, leaving only the copper case seat. Wrong gold and silver four dragons and four phoenix copper scheme modeling dragon and phoenix as the main body, four dragons and four phoenix twisted coiled, wing tail connection, constitute an adducted and open bracket, covered with several cases, stable and stretched, showing a static beauty; the bottom is supported by four sika deer with gentle expressions, the shape is complex and not chaotic, the combination of dynamic and static, dense and appropriate, exquisite production, unique design, casting process is very complicated, breaking through the bronze animal modeling stereotype since the Shang Zhou Dynasty, breaking the traditional dynamic scene of "dragon flying phoenix dance". The other four dragon heads each have a bucket arch, and for the first time, the shape of the bucket arch of the Warring States period is reproduced in a physical form.
Fifteen consecutive lights
Height 82.9 cm, seat diameter 26 cm
Collection of Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics
In the Warring States period, copper lamps have been very popular lighting fixtures, and there are many types of lamps and lanterns made in various regions, common humanoid, bird-shaped, animal-shaped, etc. Even lamps are also known as even branch lamps, or tree-shaped lamps, which appear in the middle and late Warring States to the Eastern Han Dynasty. Fifteen consecutive lamps are the highest Warring States lamps found so far, and should be the floor lamp placed in the room.
Composed of three parts: lamp holder, lamppost and lamp lamp, the whole lampstand is like a towering tree, and the outstretched branches hold up 15 staggered lamp plates, and on the branches there are dragons swimming, birds singing, and monkeys playing, forming an interesting life scene; on the round seat of the lamp, there stand two fresh yu men dressed as slaves, they are naked on the upper body, wearing short skirts, holding fresh fruits and looking up, following their gaze, there is a group of monkeys playing between the branches, two of which are climbing with one arm and hanging in the air. As if begging for food from the people on the seat, the lively and mischievous posture is unbearable; the three tigers under the lamp base hold the ring in their mouths and hold up the lamp body. Fifteen lanterns are interspersed with arrangements, varied, staggered, no overlap, peculiar conception, novel shape, full of life atmosphere; each branch can be removed, the shape of the mortise is different, in case of insertion, you can also increase or decrease the number of lamp plates according to the actual needs of lighting, integrating practicality and aesthetics, is the best bronze handicraft in the Warring States era.