<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > prince will xiangning have a kind of hu? Before the Northern Song Dynasty, there was one. </h1>
In order to achieve a class transition, most people have accumulated over many generations.
The foundation of the nobles' strength has been laid since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, although Qin destroyed the Six Kingdoms, but the nobles of the Six Kingdoms were not destroyed, and the rich were still rich. Since the day a dynasty was founded, it has produced new nobles, and the strength of the old and powerful landlords is that I have prospered since you change the dynasty. So much so that Tang Wenzong sighed: My family's two-hundred-year-old heavenly son, can't care less about Cui Luye?
The struggle between the new emperor and the old nobles never stopped. The First Emperor migrated to the world and became rich in 120,000 households in Xianyang, and Liu Bang accepted Lou Jing's suggestion in the early Han Dynasty, and the five surnames of Qi, Chu, Zhao, Qu, Jing, Huai, and Tian were Guanzhong. But once capital is accumulated, it operates very quickly. Although the Kanto Haoqiang was relocated, it soon developed into an emerging force in Guanzhong with its huge economic strength.
In the early Han Dynasty, the policy of free industry and commerce was to circulate the world with rich merchants and great masters, and the things that were traded were all they wanted. Although the status of Shangjia in the Han Dynasty was very low, passing government decrees only kicked Shangjia out of the political circle, but it could not inhibit the growth of their economic strength. Once the wealth is free, people always want to do something, and they have more time. During the Reign of emperor Jingdi of the Han Dynasty, merchants were allowed to serve as officials, and at this point, the turning point came, and the economy began to catch up with politics.
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty even reused a large number of merchants as eunuchs, and a generation of financial ministers Sang Hongyang came from merchant families. The new powerful aristocracy gradually formed, and the influence of this model was extremely far-reaching, and the trinity of bureaucrats, landlords, and rich merchants became the mainstream. Because in ancient times, there were measures such as losing su baijue, or directly selling officials, with economic strength, they could catch up with the imperial court and gradually seek greater benefits. Even if the two Song Dynasties flourished and there were cold disciples who entered the army, when they became bureaucrats, they began to annex land and operate industries, so this model can be transformed into each other, whether it is first to have money or to enter the army first, sooner or later it will be integrated.
Therefore, the move of migrating haoqiang is not easy at all, and it is basically not used in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The Eastern Han Dynasty was established with the support of Hao Qiang, the Guangwu Emperor Liu Xiudutian, and the local officials adopted a compromise or acquiescence attitude towards the Hao landlords in the imperial city and imperial township in the process of dutian. Later, by Cao Wei's Nine Pins Zhongzheng system, the powerful landlord had become a huge force that could influence the world. The development of Haoqiang is caught in an irrepressible cycle. The famous field system in the Qin and Han Dynasties was originally to limit the land and grant land according to the level of the duke, but the powerful landlord could be qualified to annex more land by buying a knighthood. As a result, powerful landlords became richer and richer.
Even more cruel is the fact that small farmers have to sell their land because they have a low ability to resist natural disasters, and when there is a natural disaster and they cannot pay taxes, they have to sell their land for their livelihood. From the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, there were constant wars, displaced people were everywhere, and the displaced people were willing to rely on the powerful landlords and seek shade, because the powerful landlords not only had grain, but most importantly, they had private arms, and in the Northern Wei Dynasty, they developed into a suzerainty system, and even the imperial court had to recognize their legitimate status. Emperor Xiaowen's reform changed the suzerainty system to a three-chief system, and the population hidden by the powerful landlords was recounted as much as possible.
The Southern and Northern Dynasties of the Wei and Jin Dynasties formed a manor economy, a wubi economy, and a temple economy, plus a door valve and the nine-pin Zhongzheng system, which had formed a closed loop, and the disciples of the cold door could not get in. In the Southern Dynasty, there was even the appearance of "the king and the horse sharing the world". In the fourth year of Taixing, the Jin Yuan Emperor implemented a series of measures to suppress the Wang clan and Hao Qiang, and in the fifth year of Taixing, Wang Guo raised an army to attack Jiankang with the support of the southern and northern clans.
The new powerful landlords in the war quickly replaced the old big landlords with military and political power in their hands. The Guanlong clique that ran through the Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui and Tang dynasties influenced the direction for hundreds of years. For the Haoqiang of Guanlong Group, they just changed a person as the chairman, and the position of their manager had no impact, after accumulation, if the opportunity came, they still had the opportunity to become the chairman. But at the same time, after thousands of years of accumulation, almost all the above-mentioned processes have been experienced, forming the oldest nobleman, and at the same time the last nobleman, the five surnames and seven hopes.
If you trace back to the ancestors, the oldest can be traced back to Gao Tao, some of them have held official positions in the middle of the princely states since the Western Zhou Dynasty, just like the lament of Tang Wenzong written at the beginning of the article, the li family's two hundred years of Tianzi's background really cannot be compared with the five surnames and seven hopes. After the Anshi Rebellion, the five surnames and seven hopes also returned to the peak, and there were many prime ministers, and there was a grand situation of more than a dozen prime ministers. After the Anshi Rebellion, the guanzhong standard has collapsed, the imperial court tends to use people to take the imperial examination, and the five surnames and seven hopes do not have the suppression of the Guanlong nobles, with the deep family heritage and knowledge inheritance, it can be said that relying on the imperial examination has made the five surnames and seven hopes reach the peak. To put it more clearly, people have attached importance to education since ancient times, not only have money for children to study, but also have a deep cultural heritage. Before the Sui and Tang Dynasties, there was no imperial examination, so what did the common people do when they studied? After the imperial examination, ordinary people naturally could not compare with the old nobles for a while, not to mention that the number of people admitted to the imperial examination in the Tang Dynasty was originally small, and there were some unfair rules, which made "the queen will indeed have a kind of feeling".
Why is it said that the five surnames and seven hopes are the last nobles? This is also due to the Yellow Nest Rebellion and Zhu Wen's White Horse Disaster. It's also simple, one word, kill. Since then, until the Song Dynasty's imperial examination, it can be regarded as a way out for many cold disciples, and no one has said how prominent their family lineage is, and the old nobles have gradually disappeared in such a simple way. I have to say that the Song Dynasty's discussion of heroes with talent is indeed a great progress in concept.
However, as mentioned above, after entering the imperial court, it naturally became a new landlord, a merchant, and a trinity of Hao clans was formed. And the officials who have more land and land are the ones who oppose Wang Anshi's change of law the louder they are. (Of course there are exceptions, just the majority)
During the Yuan Dynasty, land trading was prevalent, and the land occupied by landlords was extremely large. In the fifteenth year of Emperor Ming's reign, the registered tax fields were only half of Ming Hongwu's twenty-six years. The development and growth of the family requires the efforts of many generations, and the fate of the dynasty is also declined due to the continuous backlog of contradictions for many years. Problems will eventually be exposed in the face of time.
Having said all this, it was still to explore the question that Chen Sheng raised that year. If Chen Shengru read my article, I don't know how he feels. After the Northern Song Dynasty, there was a dynamic update, the children of the cold door had the opportunity to become the new upstart, the old nobles declined, and then they became the old nobles themselves, in order to protect their own interests to suppress the new upstarts, until the decline of the family, and so on. Although some people feel that it is difficult to produce a noble son in the cold door, please believe that the replacement of old and new forces is a historical necessity. The five surnames and seven hopes of the past thousand years are also vulnerable in the face of the general trend of history.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > class transition is inseparable from the accumulation of several generations, but also the number of life, but also the timing of the historical trend. It's the alternation of old and new that makes the world more interesting, isn't it? </h1>
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