Li Liufang of the late Ming Dynasty, with long words, was a man of integrity. When it was, the eunuch Wei Zhongxian was popular all over the world, and everywhere he built ancestral halls, Chang Yu never worshipped, saying: "Worship, a current event, do not worship, a thousand ancient things." "His people are full of bones, but the article is idle and fixed, and the spirit is all the way." I am particularly pleased with his "West Lake Lying Tour Map Inscription" twenty rules, often read and recite by myself, and imitate the scenery chronicle, such as seeing his people. The first "Ziyang Cave" cloud:
Nanshan from the south peak to the city of Wushan, the stone is a strange color, such as Longjing, Yanxia, Nanping, Wansong, Ciyun, Shengguo, Ziyang, a rock - wall, can be used as a tired day, and Ziyang exquisite, the position of the yang, as people like, Yu Qiye. After Yu Jihai and Shushi swam together, he counted to the lake to fear into the city, and let loose between the two mountains, separated from Ziyang alone. Xinhai Kaifang returned to visit Youyunju, naifu-zhi. For more than ten years, those who have been in the chest have been lost. Mountains and rivers prevail over desperate places, and every trance does not sustain itself. If you want to catch it, let it go, this taste must not be with those who do not know the pain and itch. When Yu painted Ziyang, he lost Ziyang again. Isn't it true that Ziyang? All landscapes and rivers cannot be painted, but they must not be painted, and those who have their trance are only there. The book made Meng Yang smile.
"Mountains and rivers triumph over extinction, and every trance does not sustain itself." This "trance" is really good, people swim in the middle of the painting, merge with the landscape, do not know where they are, natural trance. His friend Zhong Yu praised Li Liufang for his poetry, books, and paintings, and also called him "the true temperament of Xinglaixing, intentional or unintentional like his person". Zhang Pu pushed it as "The Sacred Painting in The Middle of the River", which is another name for Li Liufang's hometown of Jiading. Li Liufang is best known for his landscape paintings, and the "West Lake Lying Tour Map" booklet is painted by him, and the "West Lake Lying Tour Map Inscription" is his touching landscape comic. "No landscape can be painted, but it must not be painted, and it is only in a trance." What the trance remembers is the past. Li Liufang was close friends with Cheng Jiaxuan (zi mengyang), Lou Jian (zi rou), and Tang Shisheng (zi shuda), known as "Mr. Jiading Si". This finally says "the book to send Meng Yang a smile", Meng Yang is Cheng Jiaxuan, the friendship between the lines is desirable.
"Lying Tour" first appeared in the "Catalogue of Famous Paintings", which recorded the painter Zong Bing of the Southern and Northern Dynasties:
Song Zongbing, characters shaowen, good calligraphy and painting, good landscape. The west is involved in Jingwu, the south is on Hengyue, because of the junction of Hengshan, returning to Jiangling with illness, sighing: "The old disease is coming, and the famous mountains are afraid that it will be difficult to travel everywhere, when Chenghuai looks at the Road, lie down and swim." "Everything that travels is on the wall, and sits down to it."
Zong Bing, who returned to his hometown from old age and illness, could no longer visit heaven and earth in person, indulging in landscapes and rivers, and could only paint what he had seen before with landscape paintings and chat to relieve his hunger. He said in a "Preface to Painting Landscapes and Rivers": "So he lived idly and rationally, whispered the piano, put on a picture of the shadows, sat in the four wildernesses, did not violate the heavenly encouragement, and should be alone in the wilderness of no one." Peaks and peaks, clouds and forests. The sages are in the best of the world, and all kinds of fun are integrated into their minds. What is Yu Fu, just Chang Shen. Where God is free, there is a precursor. ”
Thousands of landscapes into the pen end. One room can observe the world, clear and contemplate the Tao, and the gods are only there, so the ancient sage realm is also. Southern Song Dynasty poet Liu Kezhuang's "Ten Absolute Mountains and Rivers", its nine clouds:
Roll rolls on the hill also, east and west, south and north people. In the past, he still had a foot debt, but now he is lying down.
Jiang Guandao, the famous painter of the Northern Song Dynasty, Jiang Gan, learned the painting methods of Dong Yuan and Ju yuan, and he lived in Wuyue for a long time and was good at painting Jiangnan landscapes. The poem "Oh Qiu" refers to Confucius who rushed to various countries in a hurry. The last two sentences mean that Liu Kezhuang was sick in his old age, and he could no longer seek fame and fortune to repay the world, and could only take the mountains and rivers to swim in bed.
The view of the sleeping tour, or the picture scroll, or the landscape painting in the screen. The Song people paid attention to the seven poems of "Yong Yu Zhongyi Screen On the King's Inner History": "The hand chases the heart and is leisurely, writing to Danqing into the sleeping tour." Absolute victory San'in asked Chen Ji, Mao Lin Xiu Zhu wanted to flow. Lu You, a great poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, has a five-word poem of "Summer": "Every time the chess game sits in hiding, the PingShan mountain is lying down." This "Ping Shan" is the "screen", and there are smoke clouds on the screen.
Lying down can be observed in the landscape, can be seen in the world, wild fun, escape is in between. The Southern Song Dynasty poet carefully "Titled Jiangshan WanliTu": "Twilight rain towards the cloud Wuxia dream, west wind falling leaves Dongting autumn." The flat boat is always troublesome, with short shafts and open windows and lying down. "It seems that lying down has become a convenient way to travel thousands of miles." Closed without dust and miscellaneous, look at the mountains with sleeping tours" (Yuan Dynasty Deng Wenyuan "Frequent Residence"), open the window to travel, do not have to hike, not to mention "love to paint the master's chest, sleepy travel does not need to buy mountain money" (Yuan Dynasty Li Junmin's "Yanjiang Stacked Mountains"), travel expenses are saved.
Even the dendrobium flower bonsai sent by a friend has become a prop for lying down, "intercepting the Cangshan Mountain for a period of autumn, thousands of peaks and green light floating." The void hall is a hundred feet of glass, which is really a lying tour. (Southern Song Dynasty poet Zhang Xiaoxiang,"Shi Huishu Gives Poems to Dendrobium for the Pen") The garden is watered into moss, and the mottled mottles can also be "picturesque mountains with green moss, natural sleeping tools" (Ming Dynasty Wang Ye's "Visiting Wang Shu's Garden Residence"), this kind of painting effect is simply the precursor of Zao Wou-ki's abstract ink painting and Cai Guoqiang's fireworks spray painting.
Even more desperate is the poet Lu You, who moved a stone to the desk and was also a mountain of peaks and peaks, and his "Three Songs of DaoShi" had three clouds: "Mistakenly because Lu Mi abandoned the perch, and there was nothing at the bottom of the dust." Although the cloth socks and green shoes are exhausted, this peak chats when the sleeping tour map. "Caption: My family's old collection of strange stones is very rich, and there are no survivors today, and the one-way stone is still placed in a few cases, and it is a play.
Another time, Lu You burned incense in the daytime and slept lazily, and had a dream in the bedroom to a certain place, which can also be regarded as "sleeping tour". You see:
The small screen smoke tree is far away, and the officials are idle and sleepy. Who is like a burner of incense, who accompanies people until the dream returns. Yan Liang was lonely and smoky, stealing several moments of idleness. Three stacks of autumn screen protective organ pillows, lying down to the West Mountain. ("Burning Incense Day Sleep Than Sleeping Incense Is Not Scattered Drama Ii")
Qiu Fengjia of the late Qing Dynasty already had a world vision, and his sleepy tour was the most courageous:
Mexico, Australia, Europe and Africa are closed in scale, and there is a shenzhou in central Asia. The whole world will eventually see the great unification, and the shrinking land will truly become a small five continents. Fearing the sun to cover the remaining power, benevolent wind is everywhere in the world. How secular Dan Qing hand, only write famous mountains when lying down. ("Title Earth Painting Fan")
In his eyes, the traditional landscape scroll, the pattern is too small, can not be with the world trend of Haohao soup. In the eyes of Li Liufang, the square inches can see the heavens and the earth, pushing oneself can reach people, and Nasumi is a mustard seed. Mount Meru is boundless, and mustard seeds are as small as millet grains, but the two can be tolerated without hindrance. In the eighteenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Wang Quan took Li Liufang's apprentice painting scroll as the base and compiled the "Mustard Garden Painting Notation", which first collected five volumes of landscape and water notations, and printed color overprints, and since then it has been sprinkled with art forest for hundreds of years.
Li Liufang's "West Lake Lying Tour Map Inscription" twenty pieces, or write the scenery in front of you, or carry thousands of miles, all read to swing back to the intestines, refreshing. The nineteenth "Lonely Mountain Night Moon Chart" cloud:
He once drunkenly sailed with his brothers qiu and returned from Xiling. At the beginning of the month, the willow branches of the new causeway are reflected in the lake, and the emptiness is like a mirror, and the complex is like a painting. Long pregnant with this chest. Nongzi was in Xiaozhu and suddenly wrote it for Meng Yang, which was really in the painting.
People in the landscape, people are originally in the painting, as long as there is a painting in the heart, nature and landscape are one. Hangzhou Lonely Mountain, I have been many times, every time under the night moon, I will remember this and silently recite "When the moon is on the moon, the willow branches of the new causeway are reflected in the lake, the emptiness is like a mirror, and the picture is like a picture." ”
In the Qing Dynasty' "Records of Lying in the Mountains and Streams", Yu also loved it deeply, and the fourth volume of the book said that Li Changsu and Cheng Mengyang's paintings were "more important than the times with the study of plant performance", and "their paintings are all elegant, and non-dust people can dream of it." He went on to say:
Chang Yu and Meng Yang both worked on the painting, and Chang Yu tasted the words soft clouds: "Jingshe light boat, clear window net, watch Meng Yang poetry painting, this is the first happy thing in my life." Zi Rou smiled and said, "But I have two fast, and I look at my brother and Meng Yang'er." ”
Note at the end of the text: "This article can be found in Zhou Oak Garden's "Reading And Painting Record". Zhou Oak Garden, that is, Zhou Lianggong, a calligraphy and painting expert in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. In fact, the "Reading Catalogue" seen by Shandashi is already a tampered version, and the original text of "Zi Rou" in the text is "Yu Shan". Mr. Yu Shan is the honorific title of Qian Qianyi of the late Ming Dynasty, and Zi Rou is the name of Li Liufang's friend Lou Jian.
In the thirty-fourth year of the Ming Dynasty (1606), Li Liufang and Qian Qianyi were in the township examination, but Li Liufang was later desperate to advance, and the calligraphy and painting were suitable, and Qian Qianyi was one of the three jinshi in the first rank a few years later, and became one of the leaders of the Donglin Party in the Ming Dynasty, and fell into the Qing Dynasty.
Li Liufang died in the second year of Chongzhen at the end of the Ming Dynasty, so it is impossible to predict how he would react if he lived to the time of the Ding Revolution. After his death, Qian Qianyi wrote the "Epitaph of Li Changxuan", Cheng Jiaxuan (Meng Yang) Shudan. Qian Qianyi praised Li Liufang for "his people are ancient" and "his skills are ancient".
Zhou Lianggong's "Reading Pictures" was originally a reply between Li Liufang and Qian Qianyi, but the Qianlong Dynasty was imprisoned, and qian Qianyi and Zhou Lianggong were attacked by the generals, and many works were banned and destroyed. In the "Reading Pictorial Record" engraved by Zhou Shiyanyun in the twelfth year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty (1673), it was still "Yu Shan", but in the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), Gu Xiuhui carved the "Reading Painting Record" of the "Reading Painting Book Series", and Qian Qianyi's name was quietly replaced by Li Liufang's friend Zi Rou (Lou Jian).
Fu also remembered a text in the seventeenth "River Dry Snow Map" in Li Liufang's "Inscription on the Sleeping Tour map of the West Lake":
Two dikes, the rest of the return, the white people left alone. Late snow to the end of the wax. It was the age when there was no snow, and it was returning. There are fates in the world, and we must not ask for them.
Press: The same as the Southern and Northern Dynasties, but yu ZongBing's late birth of the literary scholar Ren Fang later had a poem "Answer to the Jian'an Cane Poem": "Although there is a vessel for sitting, it is difficult to sleep and swim." ”