In the previous story, I introduced the adolescent life of Huang Gongwang, the author of "Fuchun Mountain Jutu", and this story continues to tell the story of Huang Gongwang's middle age and old age.
► Middle-aged family road falls, life is nothing. I was fortunate to restart my career, but I was imprisoned for it.
Just like this for more than ten years, during which his mother and adoptive father died, Huang Gong, who would only spend money and would not earn money, was like many stupid children, and the family road fell in the middle of the road, sitting on the mountain and eating empty.
Playing requires silver, and the life of the wife and children at home also needs silver. Although Taoism has achieved little success, it is only a legend after all. Selling paintings for a living? How can we do that! (Actually, it wasn't even a good idea at that time.) When he was desperate, it was a coincidence that Zhang Lu, an old friend who was already a member of the imperial court at this time, handed an olive branch to Huang Gongwang.
In 1311, Zhang Lu, who was appointed as the first in command of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, invited Huang Gongwang, a 42-year-old acquaintance at the time, to be his scribe. A year later, Huang Gongwang returned to Beijing with Zhang Lu and became an official (auxiliary official) in the capital Yushitai. This was the only time Huang Gongwang left Jiangnan and became the highest center of power in the Yuan Dynasty, and most of the officials in the capital were officially in the organization, although the position was hard, but life was also considered to have fallen.
Yuan Dadu restoration map, blue tile white wall, magnificent
But after only 4 years, something happened again!
According to the "History of the Yuan", in the first year of Yanyou (1314 AD), the imperial court sent Zhang Lu to "manage jiangnan tianliang", and after he arrived in Jiangnan, he "greedily carved things, enriched the people and officials, and committed adultery", causing "people to live in a bad way, thieves to rise up", and "forced nine people to die with kutian".
Therefore, in September of the second year of Yanyou (1315 AD), in order to calm the people's anger (in fact, Zhang Lu's patron in the palace at this time fell, and the political enemies took this opportunity to create an incident), the emperor Lao Er arrested Zhang Lu and threw him in prison.
Moreover, this "manager's grain" is equivalent to a land reform, and the interests are extremely widespread, so it is not possible to make some means possible! This is good, something has happened, just take the benefactor as a scapegoat, this is not OK!
Therefore, Huang Gongwang, who was serving in the Imperial Shitai, was righteous and thin, and took advantage of his position to actively defend Zhang Lu without understanding current affairs. But the power struggle is cruel, others can't avoid it, you a little prosecutor is still rushing up, the damn thing is that you are still in a referral relationship!
Restoration of the office scene of the supervision institutions in the Yuan Dynasty
The result can be imagined, you can also go into the trumpet to reflect on it!
► The sword goes sideways and returns to the second half of my life. Don't ask about the world, do whatever you want, until the end.
In 1321, Huang Gongwang was released from prison. Although at this time, Yuan Renzong, who was "proficient in Confucianism", reopened the discipline, his friend Yang Zai also actively recommended him to go to the Songjiang prefect Wang Congshan to seek an errand. But in the dark and dark trumpet, Huang Gongwang, who has been staying up for 6 years, is really broken, and he wants to understand, this official is not interesting, not to mention, but also TMD is extremely risky, half of life, simply let go of yourself. So he refused the kindness of his friends and began to travel the world, carefully learning painting and studying taoism in the second half of his life.
There is a saying that Huang Gongwang joined the Quanzhen Sect after he was released from prison, but I have a different view on this.
The ancestral court of the Quanzhen Sect - Chongyang Palace, also known as Chongyang Wanshou Palace
I think that Huang Gongwang actually joined the Quanzhen Sect very early, because he met many famous Daoist friends in his 20s, and directly worshiped Jin Yueyan as a teacher from the time he joined the religion, and had a good relationship with Jin Yueyan, Mo Yueding, Leng Qijing, Zhang Sanfeng and other teachers and friends in the sect.
Portrait of Zhang Sanfeng
Because Huang Gongwang was very familiar with the teachings, teaching system, and cultivation methods of the Quanzhen Sect, he also set up "three churches" in Suzhou and Hangzhou to teach disciples. More realistically, from then on, silver is not lacking, and you can play without worry.
Therefore, although the historical records are vague about the time of his entry into the Dao, and only generally say that he joined the Quanzhen Sect after he was released from prison, I personally still prefer that he actually joined the Quanzhen Sect very early, only because he was still playing with his heart in the first half of his life, and he did not lack money, so he was half-hearted about the affairs of the sect and did not have a public identity.
Moreover, during the Yuan Dynasty, when the Taoist priests had an advantage, they were exempted from serving as messengers and exempted from paying taxes. Therefore, choosing this time to disclose the identity of the Taoist priest also provided a lot of freedom for Huang Gongwang to cultivate in the second half of his life and engage in painting creation (in fact, he still played).
Picturesque Fuchun River
Well, anyway, at this point, Huang Gongwang has completely given up the idea of being an official, and can devote himself to landscape and study Taoism.
Huang Gongwang, who had "known the Destiny of Heaven," returned to his familiar hometown in Jiangnan, a small mountain village in the western foothills of Yushan in Changshu. Huang Gongwang, who returned to his hometown, immersed himself in painting skills, and repeatedly copied the works of famous artists, and his painting skills became more and more sophisticated, and his reputation gradually soared. His old friend Wei Su also gave Huang Gongwang twenty squares of his family collection of Song paper, which was a beautiful name: only Huang Gongwang was worthy of using this precious Song paper, and all he asked for was to exchange huang Gongwang for a few autographs. Due to the large number of people who asked for painting, Huang Gongwang finally had a stable income.
With money, an already restless heart began to stir again. There is a way is what a play heart!
In the spring of 1329, Huang Gongwang, regardless of his 60-year-old body, resolutely bid farewell to his wife and children and his hometown friends, met with his friend Ni Zhan, and began a wave of sightseeing (in fact, it was still around his hometown, and his footprints never set foot in the north).
During this period, he also co-edited with his master Jin Yueyan the Neidan books such as "Holding one son Sanfeng Old Man Dan Tips", "Holding One Letter Three Secrets", "Mr. Paper Boat Quan Zhen Zhi Zhi", which were later included in the "Orthodox Dao collection" and have survived to this day.
He Huang Gongwang and his master Jin Yueyan co-edited the "Three Secrets of Holding a Letter"
The content of these books is very profound, not only emphasizing the clear mind, but also detailing the cultivation method of "returning gold liquid to Dan", which shows that Huang Gongwang was already a man of enlightenment very early on, and also laid the foundation for his later longevity.
Yunyou is indispensable to silver, and at this time, Huang Gongwang is already famous in both the calligraphy and painting circles and the Taoists, and he earns a lot of income by relying on calligraphy and painting. At the same time, he is still playing with his heart, and from time to time he also sets up stalls to calculate gua (it seems that in addition to studying the Taoist law, he also understands "Zhou Yi", in fact, for him who has seen through the red dust, fortune telling for others is just another game of drama and abuse of life) to find fun and also supplement the entanglement.
This play is another nearly 20 years, and it is also the 20 years of Huang Gongwang's increasingly refined painting skills, during which the good works continue to be improved.
Among them, Yu Wuxingpuxian's Songsheng Building, "Xishan Wants to Rain", for Quanzhen teacher's brother Zheng Fan [chū] "Yunxi Pine House", "light color, painting pine valley cloud ridge, mountain has a fine house".
This Zheng Fan, the word is useless, known as "useless master". The second half of the famous "Fuchun Mountain Residence Map" is named after its character, known as "Useless Master Scroll".
For Ni Zhan's "Jiangshan Guansheng Picture Scroll", Huang Gongwang believes that this is his "proud work in his life", and inscribed himself on the map: "Yu Pingsheng is lazy and obsessed, and he is interested in landscapes, but he has the painter Samadhi, just for the game." Now for the good deeds to draw a lot of money, this debt is too much to pay..."
It was not until 1347 that the 78-year-old Huang Gongwang began to travel around the Fuchun River accompanied by his disciple Zheng Fan.
Zheng Fan wrote an inscription poem in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasty painter Sheng's work "Fishing Alone in the Waves"
Huang Gongwang and his disciples came to the bank of the Fuchun River, only to see that the river was clear to the bottom, and the fishermen on the river sang late. This scene deeply fascinated him, and there are also many Taoist temples around the Fuchun River, and life is convenient to live, so he decided to stay here and not leave.
At this point, Huang Gongwang was still so ordinary, so ordinary that except for his old friend and the Quanzhen Sect, few people in the world knew him, pay attention to him, except for a few Danshu books and paintings given to friends. Judging from the reality of the 78-year-old age, Huang Gongwang will end a bland life here with a high probability.
However, it is precisely because of this stay that it has left a magnificent treasure of the Chinese cultural circle for future generations, "Fuchun Mountain Residence Map", and also made Huang Gongwang himself famous in history!
On October 25, the fourteenth year of Zhizheng (1354 AD), Huang Gongwang died at the former residence of ShauJiquan in Hangzhou four years after completing the "Fuchun Mountain Jutu", ending his unremarkable life. And the glory is destined to be realized by his great painting "Fuchun Mountain Jutu".
Hangzhou Shau Ji Spring
Maybe it was the fairness of heaven, or maybe it was Huang Gongwang's deep Taoist health essentials, in short, in that era, being able to die peacefully at the age of eighty-six was actually his greatest gain.
The magic lies precisely in the fact that even though the body no longer exists in the world, his understanding of "play" is like a soul attached to the "Fuchun Mountain Jutu" that brings supreme glory to him, and he can continue to exist in the world.
From the perspective of modern people, objectively speaking, this huang laozi's life is idle, but also has nothing to pursue, a lifetime of only obsessed with traveling around to make friends, although learning to paint and enlightenment is serious, but there are few achievements. If there is no accident, he will also be like billions of sentient beings, who will eventually be lonely and nameless, drowning in the long river of history. No one will know that there have been such stubborn lords in history.
However, it is such a seemingly lonely and nameless person, but with a painting that Twilight inadvertently and arbitrarily made, the historical masterpiece "Fuchun Mountain Jutu" known as the "Orchid Pavilion in the Painting" and is famous in history behind him. In the long river of history, it has left an extremely brilliant stroke!
This also shows that even if you play, as long as you are very deep and immersed in exploration, you will eventually have the opportunity to be recognized by the world.
Huang Gongwang Tomb in the southern foothills of Changshu Yushan Mountain
► Attached: Extended information
Although Huang Gongwang himself was half-hearted as an official, his descendants fulfilled their wishes as officials on behalf of their fathers.
Huang Dehong, the second son born to Huang Gongwang and his wife Ye Shi, was appointed as the governor of Zhejiang;
Huang Gongwang's grandson Huang Rong (Huang Dehong's eldest son), because of his meritorious service in following Zhu Yuanzhang in fighting the world, was later made a general of Zhaoyong, and his descendants hereditary commanded by Shaoxing Wei.
► Writing this, I can't help but sigh in my heart, how important it is to meet a good woman in life!
Huang Gongwang's mother was such a good woman, although she lost her husband at an early age, she still worked hard to provide for her son's study, and she was able to become famous for her later erudition and play.
Huang Gongwang's wife is such a good woman, although her husband is playful and has a standard "loser", but he still teaches his son well, so that future generations can be officials and ancestors!
I will continue to launch the "National Treasure Refining" story series, let's explore the stories hidden behind the national treasures, or fun or legendary. Friends who like it can follow, favorite, and forward.
Knowing more about our national treasures is also the capital of sizzling in front of children and friends.
Friends who like my article, please pay attention to it, like + comment on it, thank you!