<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" > First, the intelligence of the Nationalist army accurately judged the Japanese combat plan, but the efficiency of the army was extremely poor, which was regrettable</h1>
The Japanese plan for the "camera occupation of Nanchang" was cancelled by strong resistance from the Chinese army, especially the fiasco at Wanjialing, northwest of De'an. Nanchang, the capital of Jiangxi Province, is the meeting point of the Nanxun Railway and the Zhejiang-Gansu Railway, and is the hub of the rear liaison line and supply line of the Ninth and Third Theaters of China, and has an important strategic position.
Nanchang, where the Chinese Air Force established a base, often sent aircraft to attack Japanese naval ships sailing in the Yangtze River along the Jiujiang River, posing a huge threat to the rear supply communication lines of the Japanese army in Jiujiang and Wuhan.
By occupying Nanchang, we can occupy the main traffic routes in the southeast, cut off the direct connection between China's Ninth Theater and the Third Theater, destroy the Chinese Air Force Base in Nanchang, relieve the dangers on the Yangtze River waterway along the Jiujiang River, expand the strategic space zone centered on Wuhan, and improve the strategic posture of the Japanese army in central China.
In view of this, Okamura Ninji, a late-blooming "war maniac", became the commander of the Japanese 2nd Division in 1934, and was only promoted to commander of the 11th Army in June 1938.
On January 31, 1939, the Japanese 11th Army made the "Battle of Ren" battle guidance strategy, scheduled to start operations in early March, and capture Nanchang in one fell swoop.
Heaven is not beautiful. The Japanese army had originally selected its "Army Memorial Day" to launch an attack on March 10, but since mid-February, it has been raining continuously in the northwestern Part of Jiangxi for more than a month, the river flooded, the road was difficult to navigate, and the preparation time was delayed. It was not until March 9 that the Japanese army determined that the date of the battle would be March 20.
The 1st Office of the Military Command Of the Military Commission of the National Government is more conscientious and extremely shrewd. In late February, it accurately judged the purpose of the Japanese "Operation Ren" plan based on intelligence from all sides, and submitted corresponding opinions to the High Command.
In addition to calling on the Chinese armed forces in the northern Gansu region to actively prepare for war, the opinions also put forward a bold plan of "pre-emptive strikes." Unfortunately, the efficiency of the Ninth Theater army is extremely poor, and the time given for rectification and training for several months has not yet been completed, and the supplies are far from being in place.
At that time, the Chinese army defending north of Nanchang was mainly Luo Zhuoying's 19th Army. The force was deployed side by side with the 70th, 49th, 79th, and 32nd Armies and the Reserve 9th Division on the south bank of Xiushui East of Zhenxi and on the west bank of Poyang Lake.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="20" >2, Gong Xuandeng, and Wang Yujiu were killed one after another</h1>
Gong Xuandeng was then the chief of staff of the Major General of the 76th Division of the 79th Army, and Wang Yujiu was the chief of staff of the Major General of the 79th Army.
Gong Xuandeng, a native of Shamei Village, Jiuqu Township, Lehui County, Qiongzhou, Guangdong, was born in 1899. The family came from a poor background, lost his father at the age of 10, and was raised by his mother. Later, he went to Guangzhou to apply for the Whampoa Military Academy and entered the 6th Infantry Section.
Wang Yujiu, a native of Wangjiadian Village, Ningxi Township, Huangyan County, Zhejiang Province, was born in 1902. After graduating from Nanqu Middle School in 1919, he worked as a private school teacher in Fangjia'ao for one year. He was born with a straight nature, unwilling to bend his waist for five buckets of rice, and because he offended rich families, he abandoned the religion and joined the Zhejiang Army.
After the Northern Expedition of the National Revolutionary Army, Wang Yujiu's unit was subordinated anyway and was incorporated into the 63rd Regiment of the 21st Division of the National Revolutionary Army. Wang Yujiu was brave in battle, sensible and studious, and more important than the regimental commander Chen Cheng, and his military rank was constantly improved. In 1932, he entered the senior class of the Central Military Academy, put on the "yellow coat", and became an alumnus of the Whampoa Military Academy.
After graduating from the Central Military Academy, Wang Yujiu served as the deputy regimental deputy of the 584th Regiment of the 98th Division, and accompanied the unit to participate in the fifth "encirclement and suppression" of the Soviet area of the CPC Central Committee by the Kuomintang army.
Wang Yujiu was an upright soldier who had his own views on Chiang Kai-shek's policy of "taking care of the outside world before going inside," and he dismissed him for joining the "Rejuvenation Society" when he was dragged to the "Huangpu" and someone dragged him to join the "Revival Society." He also showed sympathy and help to patriotic progressives.
In 1935, when he was the colonel of the 587th Regiment of the 294th Brigade of the 98th Division, he asked Ding Baoliang, an assistant lieutenant officer who had just been released from prison, from the division headquarters to serve as a clerk. Ding is an underground member of the Communist Party of China, and after coming to the regiment, he actively participated in activities and collected donations for the "Shanghai Salvation Congress" organized by Zhang Naiqi and other organizations. Wang Yujiu responded positively, making many generous pledges and coming into contact with some progressive books and periodicals through Ding. The move caused him trouble. The regiment's "military command agents" denounced Ding Baoliang, and Wang Yujiu was implicated and dismissed for examination.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the country was in trouble, and it was precisely the time for the country to employ people. Wang Yujiu, like Zhang Lingfu, who had committed the crime of killing his wife, was released and made meritorious contributions, and the official was reinstated and rushed to the Shanghai front to return to serve.
When Wang Yujiu arrived at the troops, the situation in Songhu had seriously deteriorated, and the Chinese defenders were ready to retreat. On the evening of November 12, 1937, Wang Yujiu, with a helpless mood of failing to kill the enemy in Shanghai and serve the country, withdrew from Shanghai with his troops in the miserable night, and arrived in Changshu after three days of tossing.
Changshu is located in the middle of the Soviet (Zhou) Fu (Shan) Defense Line, and is one of the passages from Songhu to Nanjing in the west. A unit of the Japanese 16th Division landed at Changshu from the town of Changjiangpu and advanced to Changshu. The 98th Division was unstable and lost contact with friendly forces, and the situation was critical. In the face of the swarming Japanese army, Wang Yujiu led his troops to take the initiative to attack, take the attack as a defense, and forcefully defeat the enemy's front, so that the whole army stabilized its position. For several days, he fought hard and retreated. From Wuxi and Yixing to southern Anhui.
The 98th Division was promoted to the 79th Army during the Fierce Battle of Songhu, and the commander was promoted from Xia Chuzhong to commander of the 98th Division, which was under the jurisdiction of the 76th, 98th and 118th Divisions. In southern Anhui, the troops were replenished and personnel adjusted. Wang Yujiu was promoted to deputy brigade commander of the 226th Brigade of the 76th Division, and later promoted to chief of staff of the major general of the 79th Army. In October 1938, Wang Yujiu and the 79th Army moved from southern Anhui to northern Lai.
On March 18, 1939, the main forces of the Japanese 101st and 106th Divisions, as well as artillery and combat convoys, advanced to the north bank of Xiushui in turn, occupying the starting area of the attack. After that, the artillery began to conduct test firing and fire reconnaissance.
At 16:30 on March 20, the Japanese 11th Army ordered the commander of the 6th Artillery Brigade to direct all artillery to the positions of the 49th and 79th Armies of the defenders on the south bank of Xiushui to shoot fiercely, and carried out a rapid artillery attack before the start of the general offensive, which lasted for more than 3 hours and fired nearly 10,000 shells, including more than 3,000 rounds of poisoned ammunition. Immediately afterward, the Japanese field gas team fired 15,000 medium-sized gas cylinders on the front of the 12-kilometer offensive, of which 5,000 were fired by the 101st Division and 10,000 by the 106th Division.
Wherever this high gas bomb goes, its poisonous gas fills the air and drifts with the wind, which can cause people without gas masks to suffocate and coma, or even die. Its lethality is very strong. The 2 km depth of the Chinese defenders' positions on the south bank of the Xiushui River was completely shrouded in poison gas. The defenders lacked anti-poisoning means and measures, and suffered heavy casualties. As far as the 76th Division of the 79th Army was concerned, the officers at or above the regimental level who were poisoned at that time were Wang Lingyun, commander of the 76th Division, Gong Chuanyi, brigade commander, and Tang Jishu, commander of the regiment.
Once the commander of the unit was poisoned and unconscious, the operation of the command system stopped and failed, the officers and men suddenly lost their backbone, panicked, and caused the combat effectiveness to be close to loss, and the Japanese army immediately took the opportunity to attack, almost effortlessly, and was able to break through the opposing defense line unimpeded. In this way, the Japanese army successfully crossed the Xiushui River.
Sasaki Monku Daisa, the commander of the 15th Wing of the Japanese Field Heavy Artillery, who participated in the Battle of Nanchang, recounted the scene in his book "The Change of the Ten Plus Troops":
"The dawn on March 21 was cloudy, with about 3 m/s of wind blowing towards the enemy, which was a perfect weather for the use of special bombs. According to the predetermined plan, from dawn onwards, test firing was carried out, the firing effect was corrected, and after the artillery preparation was transferred, the sound of 140 cannons covered the banks of the Xiushui River, which was really magnificent.
Finally, special shells were fired, and I witnessed the thick red cloud penetrating into the enemy position. After finishing the artillery preparation, the forward infantry fired special barrels, and the battle progressed smoothly. When the artillery extended its firing as planned, the infantry attacked together and broke into the position... Like entering no man's land. ”
The Xiushui River originates from Tonggu in Jiangxi, flows from west to east, and flows through Xiushui, Wuning, Tujiabu (Yongxiu) to Wucheng and flows into Poyang Lake. The Japanese 106th Division and the 101st Division crossed the river from the area north of Qiujin and Tujiabu on the north bank, respectively.
Located in the west of Tujiabu, this section of the Xiushui River is about 300 meters wide, due to the continuous rain, the river rose by about 3 meters, although the Japanese army increased the difficulty of crossing the river, but the defenders were flooded in many places, and most of the water obstacles were washed away by the flood.
Two Japanese divisions broke through the defenders' fronts and attacked continuously at night, capturing beachhead positions 2 km deep by dawn on March 21. They consolidated their beachhead positions while covering their sappers to erect pontoon bridges.
When the Japanese army fired poison gas bombs, Gong Xuandeng covered his nose and mouth with a towel oozing water, fortunately not poisoned. He ordered the guards to transfer wang Lingyun, the commander of the drunkenly and drowsy division, to the field hospital for rescue, while organizing troops to personally lead reinforcements to the front line and counterattack the Japanese troops on the beachhead.
The officers and men at the front saw that Gong Xuandeng, chief of staff of the division, personally led the reinforcements, and the enthusiasm of the battle became even more enthusiastic, and the pace of the charge was accelerated and the enemy group was killed. The enemy and us were hanging together and fighting each other. Gong Xuandeng swung a gun and killed many Japanese soldiers, but he did not prevent a bullet from coming, hitting him in the chest and falling to the ground and dying.
After the Japanese erected a pontoon bridge over the Xiushui River, their tank group passed through the pontoon bridge on the morning of March 21 and attacked the defenders of Dongshan from the front of the 106th Division, and then detoured along the west side of Nanxun Road to Nanchang.
At 9:30 p.m. on the 22nd, the Japanese army led the group of chariots out to Fengxin and occupied the Luanhe Bridge outside the South Gate. The sudden attack of the chariot group caused our defending troops to fail to withdraw the 38 artillery pieces deployed on the outskirts of the city, and the Japanese army occupied Fengxin on the 23rd.
In view of this, the 79th Army was ordered to go south to intercept the Japanese army. After several days of fighting, the army had suffered serious losses and seriously reduced its combat effectiveness, and its headquarters was surrounded by japanese troops at Gao'an Qiuling.
In the early morning of March 27, the military department organized a breakthrough. In order to protect the safety of the commander Xia Chuzhong, Wang Yujiu volunteered and led the only remaining special agent company to rush to the Japanese position. He was a pioneer, and was shot three times in a row, causing serious injuries and falling in front of the line. Soon after his men carried him back to the army headquarters, he stopped breathing.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="19" after the martyrdom of >3, Gong Xuandeng, and Wang Yujiu, the Nationalist government posthumously awarded them major generals and lieutenant generals to the army respectively</h1>
The next night, Ding Baoliang and others were reluctant to discard the body of the commander on the battlefield and risked death to break through. After breaking out of the siege and reaching Wuqiao Township, the officers and men of the 79th Army buried Wang Yujiu's body on a small hillside in the area, and pointed his tombstone to the southeast, so that although he died in a foreign land, he could look at his hometown forever.
Poetry. Before Wang Yujiu's sacrifice, he had copied many poems such as "Burying Bones and Why Do You Need Mulberry Land" in his notebook to express his determination to die. The will he left to his wife Wu Yuanqing was even more impassioned, with a strong and tragic heart. The will says:
"Yuanqing My Wife: At this time when it is difficult for a strong neighbor to suppress the border country and the survival of the nation, all the people of our country have the responsibility of resisting the war and protecting the land. If I die, please mourn rubi festival, and hope that the choice of people is more suitable..."
After Gong Xuandeng and Wang Yujiu were martyred, the Nationalist government posthumously awarded them the titles of major general and lieutenant general respectively.
On July 2, 1984, the Shanghai Municipal People's Government posthumously recognized Wang Yujiu as a revolutionary martyr and issued a Certificate of Revolutionary Martyrhood to his relatives in Shanghai. At the same time, the Ministry of Civil Affairs also posthumously recognized him as a revolutionary martyr.
In 1987, the Shanghai Municipal People's Government posthumously recognized the raider and elected him as a revolutionary martyr and reported it to the Ministry of Civil Affairs for approval.
Later generations of poetry praise Nong Yu Jiu: less hate the great powers and Beiyang, from the military to defend the country Ji Xingbang. The strong neighbor suppresses the tiger and swears to kill the wolf. Changshu waved to extinguish the flames, and Nan Xun led the pawns to sacrifice their intestines. Storming the qiuling body, the blood became a great man.