Do saints have feelings?
In the first seven years, in 246 A.D., another great debate began between He Yan and Wang Bi, and the theme of this debate was: whether the saints were sentient or not.
The sage has a sentient theory
The debate was initiated by He Yan, who believed that the saint had no feelings of joy and sorrow. It is said that the scene at that time was "very precise, and the bell will be described." "But the real situation is not recorded.
Wang Bi, on the other hand, does not agree with He Yan's theory of the ruthlessness of saints, he believes that saints are also human beings, and there are also the "five emotions" of joy, anger, sorrow, happiness, and resentment, and the reason why saints are holy is because they can "respond to things without burden and things", that is, they are in the world, but they can transcend the world.
Wang Bi also cites Kong Sheng's story to argue his point. Kong Sheng once said to his eldest disciple Yan Hui: "You can't be unhappy when you meet, and you can't be without sorrow when you lose." Kong Sheng, seeing Yan Hui's poor life, was still poor and happy, and was as willing as he was, so he exclaimed: "Xianya, Huiye!" Hyun-jae, back also! Yan Hui unfortunately died, and Kong Sheng cried out, "Ah! God has lost me! God has lost me! ”
In this debate, there is no doubt that Wang Bi has won again.
In fact, to argue whether a saint is sentient or not is actually to find a basis for whether ordinary people should have sentient beings. You know, whether it is Confucianism or Taoism, it is actually "suppressed" feelings. Confucians believe that nature is inherently good, but emotions and desires are evil, so it is necessary to use etiquette and etiquette to control desire. The Taoists advocate being calm and tranquil, moody and sad, and not in the bosom, but also depressed. Wang Bi's sage sentientism, on the other hand, provides a way out of thought for secular mortals. Since saints have feelings, why should ordinary people be rigid, the birth of ren, the indulgence of indulgence, which has been fully expressed in the behavior of "bamboo forest people" such as striking iron and drinking wine. This is the last word, the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest, we will talk in detail later.
Next, let's talk about the third famous man, Xiahou Xuan.
Xiahou Xuan
At that time, the surnames of Xiahou and Cao were originally one family, and "Xiahou and Cao were married." "We know that Cao Cao's father, Cao Song, was originally surnamed Xiahou, and later changed his surname to Cao as an adopted son to the eunuch Cao Teng. Xiahou Xuan's father, Xiahou Shang, was a friend of Cao Pi and was a general of the Zhengnan Dynasty. Xiahou Xuan's mother was Princess Deyang, Cao Shuang's aunt.
Such a life, coupled with his elegant appearance and high-spirited personality charm, it can be predicted that his career will definitely be smooth. Less than twenty years old, he was already the emperor's close attendant riding the Yellow Gate Attendant.
Regarding Xiahou Xuan, two short stories are recorded in the "World Speaking New Language Yaliang".
It is said that once he followed the Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui and his party to visit the tomb, everyone stood under the pine cypress, and suddenly it rained heavily, thunder and lightning, hitting a tree next to him, and his hat was also charred. The people next to him were panicked when they saw it, and they fell down, but he was calm and calm, and the color did not change.
On another occasion, Cao Rui ordered him to sit side by side with Empress Mao's younger brother Mao Zeng. Mao had come from a humble background, his language was vulgar, and his behavior was trivial, and he felt very humiliated, contemptuous, and superficial. This matter was known to Shi Lin, who said that it was a "jade tree leaning on the crab leaf"—a delicate reed leaning against a tall and brilliant jade tree. hum! How dare he laugh at the emperor's brother-in-law! Cao Rui was very angry and immediately degraded Xiahou Xuan's officials. Soon after, the anti-"flashy meeting", Xiahou Xuan was also among them, and was deposed together.
However, within a few years, Cao Rui died, Cao Shuang held real power, and with the relationship between his cousins, Xiahou Xuan was used as an important member of the Cao clique, such as the Scattered Horse ChangShi and the Middle Guard Army.
Probably because of the "good family" of having children married, Xiahou Xuan's sister Xiahou Hui married Sima Yi's son Sima Shi. Xiahou Xuan's relationship with Sima Yi was not bad. This may also be one of the reasons why after Cao Shuang's fall, Zhuge Xuan was not liquidated and executed.
The Book of Jin and the Chronicle of Punishment records: "Between the beginnings, there is nothing under the heavens. ”
But the celebrities are not idle! Zhuge Xuan, Ding Mi, Li Sheng, and other celebrities of the Cao clique "pursued corporal punishment again, and the pawn could not be decided." "Corporal punishment" is the physical punishment of people, including qíng (prickly face), yì (yì, cutting the nose), yuè (beheading), gong (castration), etc., these punishments were abolished during the reign of Emperor Wen of Han because of their inhumanity, and were later long discussed whether to restore them. Xiahou Xuan was opposed, and for this reason he also wrote the "Theory of Corporal Punishment". In the text, Xiahou Xuan said: "Killing people to eliminate violence is also the reason of nature; the government of severed severance is the place of the clouds of the last world." In addition, in the text, Xiahou Xuan also put forward a very constructive idea, he proposed to make people rich and educate, so that people are not greedy, they will not steal and rob, so that there is no need to resume corporal punishment.
Then, Li Sheng put forward a completely different point of view, Li Sheng said: "Punishment and killing are not natural, and punishment is lighter than killing, he Yun is cruel?" Although Li Sheng's remarks are also very reasonable, it is not easy to restore the punishment that has been abolished.
In the first five years, in 244 AD, Xiahou Xuan was appointed as the general of the Western Expedition. It was not until 249 AD that he was relieved of military power.
He Yan is a fortune teller
In the ninth year of the reign, on December 28, 248 AD, the official Shangshu He Yan received a special guest at the mansion, accompanied by Shangshu Deng Biao. Although this person was not amazing, he was indeed a remarkable figure at that time.
In the previous article, we mentioned that Wang Bi was the founder and representative of the Wei and Jin metaphysical school of righteousness, and this person was the representative of the Wei and Jin Xiangshu school. This man's name was Guan Ren (lù), and he was proficient in arithmetic, phase viewing, stargazing, etc., which belonged to the category of the Xiangshu school, and many anecdotal stories about him were recorded in the biography of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Guan Ru is considered to be the ancestor of divination and contemplation.
Piper
So how did Guan Ren come to Luoyang and come to He Yan's mansion?
This brings us to the one mentioned in the previous article, the metaphysician Pei Hui, who at this time was in charge of the History of Jizhou, and he greatly appreciated Guan Ren, met Guan Ren four times, and promoted Guan Rui to an official position three times. This time, it was also he who recommended Guan Ren as Xiucai, and Guan Rencai came to Luoyang and came to He Yan, the official Shangshu's mansion. Before leaving, he instructed Guan Ren to say: "He and Deng are both Shangshu masters who are very knowledgeable, especially He Shangshu, he has nine questions about Zhou Yi, and he will definitely ask you when they meet, and you must be prepared." ”
Guan Ruan said, "Although you can rest assured, if he asks a question like Wang Bi, it is not worth answering at all; if it is a question about the five elements of yin and yang, that is my strong point." ”
He Yan is also a righteous person, of course, he will not ask Guan Ru about this aspect, but like Guan Ren asked about the number of elephants, Guan Ru answered into the flow. He Yan was also very satisfied, and finally, He Yan said, "I heard that your guashu is unparalleled, can you please count one gua for me, can I be ranked as the third duke in this life?"
He Yan actually did not really want to ask this question, but the background situation made him a little confused. This question, in fact, still wants to see if Guan Ru can perceive some future situations. (The background is that Cao Shuang gained power, and Sima Yi pretended to be ill)
As a magician, Guan Ren's control of people's hearts and current situations is also difficult for ordinary people to reach. He Yan himself must have known him very well, so he said, "Thanks for asking, let me first say a few words that have nothing to do with Bu Suan." In the past, the Eight Yuan and the Eight Kai assisted Da Shun, who was kind and kind to the people, and was very benevolent; the Duke of Zhou assisted the king and often sat and waited for Dan, and was very respectful. Therefore, the world is at peace, the people are grateful, and the praises are endless. Your current power is not insignificant, it is really a heavy mountain, like thunder, but with all due respect, people are less grateful and more afraid of power! ”
He Yan knew that what he said was blunt and loyal, and nodded his head and said, "What you said is reasonable, but let's still count it as a gua." I have recently frequently dreamed of a swarm of flies falling on the nose, and I can't drive away, I don't know what the sign is?"
So Guan Ren divined for him and got the three trigrams of "Gong", "Qian", and "Da Zhuang". The upper and lower gua of the "Gen" are both mountains, and the "Xiang Ci" says that it is "a mountain, a gen, a gentleman cannot think of his position." This means that as a gentleman, you must keep your duty, do not think otherwise, and do not covet things outside your authority. The upper gua of "Qian" is the earth, the lower gua is the mountain, and the "Xiang Ci" says that "there are mountains in the earth, modesty, and gentlemen benefit from the widow", that is, to be humble and retreat, to take out their excess, and to distribute it to those who are insufficient. "Da Zhuang" is thunder on the top and thunder on the bottom, and "Xiang Ci" says that "thunder is in heaven, big and strong, and gentlemen are indecent." Thunder in heaven, describing people to the peak, is prone to arrogance, so we must warn ourselves, can not be hot-headed, do indecent things, in order to prevent the prosperity and decline. In this way, Guan Ren played a trick according to the three gua xiang and words, combined with He Yan's actual situation, in short, it was appropriate to stop, to receive when it was good, not to indulge in power, and to covet rich fees.
Guan Ren finally prompted: "I hope that you will think more about King Wen's words and the purpose of the words, and think more about Confucius's words and the meaning of the words of the elephants, then the three dukes can be achieved and the flies can drive away." ”
Deng Biao couldn't help himself on the side and said, "You're a cliché! ”
Guan Ru coldly retorted: "It is better to be an old student than not to be born, and it is better to talk often than not to talk!" ”
However, for Guan Ren, there are still some sinister contents that he is inconvenient and dare not say in the gua xiang that he has obtained, but it is secretly implied in the words "not born" and "not to talk".
It is said that when he returned home, he told all these words to his uncle, who scolded him for speaking too bluntly, saying: "Talk to people who are dying, what are you afraid of!" ”
Guan Ren's words, He Yan really listened to his heart. He felt that every gua and every sentence of the pipe seemed to imply his situation, like the morning bell and the twilight drum, vibrating in his ears. No wonder people call him "Man of God"!
He Yan thanked him, word by word, and said sincerely: "To be able to see the faint signs, things are like gods, the ancients thought it was difficult; to be able to say sincere words to people who have never lived in ordinary life, people today think it is very difficult." You can say that you have achieved these two difficulties at once today, and it is also a precious thing. For your words, I should be as the poet said: 'The center hides it, and when it is forgotten'! ”