In Chairman Mao's poems, those who can leave their names are usually close comrades-in-arms, such as "Who dares to slash the knife?" Only I Am General Peng! Marshal Peng Dehuai;
Or the enemy who has defeated, such as "Calling in unison, catching Zhang Huizhen in front of you." Lieutenant General Zhang Huizhen of the Nationalist Army.
Or it is to evaluate the imperial generals in the long river of history, such as "Xi Qin Emperor Han Wu, slightly lost literary style; Tang Zong Song Zu, slightly inferior; a generation of Tianjiao, Genghis Khan, only know how to bend the bow and shoot the big eagle." ”
However, after the founding of New China, Chairman Mao's poem rarely criticized a democrat and directly criticized him: "The complaint is too grand to prevent the intestines from breaking, and the wind and things should be looked at for a long time." ”
Who is this figure who was directly criticized by the chairman? What did he do that the chairman criticized? In this issue, I will talk to you about the story of Liu Yazi.
Liu Yazi is very famous in modern Chinese history, he is the elder figure of the League and the Guangfu Society, and is a disciple of Cai Yuanpei and Zhang Taiyan;
Picture note: Liu Yazi
Liu Yazi's original name was Wei Gao, and later changed his name to "Human Rights", the word "Yalu", meaning Rousseau in Asia; later, when communicating with friends, the other party thought that the "Lu" character strokes were too much (traditional writing), and suggested that Liu Yalu change his name to Liu Yazi.
Liu Yazi also served as Dr. Sun Yat-sen's secretary. After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, he also served as a member of the Central People's Government and a member of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, and can be said to be one of the most famous non-party democrats at that time.
In March 1949, after the liberation of Peiping, Chairman Mao and others also moved from Xibaipo to Beiping and began to prepare for the important matters of establishing a new China, at which time Liu Yazi and other democrats were also invited to Beiping and were specially arranged to live in the Liuguo Hotel, a luxury hotel located in Dongjiaomin Lane.
Photo note: Hotel Six Nations
Liu Yazi was very excited at the time, and he wrote in his diary for the day: "Long live the shout, Peter Yi." More than ten large glasses of rice wine, no such pleasure for several years. ”
On April 1, Nanjing sent more than 30 people led by Zhang Zhizhong to Beiping for "peace talks", but due to the conditions at that time, they could only relocate the democrats who originally lived in the Six Kingdoms Hotel, which was the place where Zhang Zhizhong's people stayed.
Liu Yazi, who was transferred to the Summer Palace Yishoutang to live, was very dissatisfied, and on the surface, Liu Yazi was dissatisfied for two reasons, one was that Liu Yazi resolutely opposed the peace talks, and the other was that the living conditions of Yishoutang were not as good as those of the Six Kingdoms Hotel.
But the internal reason Liu Yazi was dissatisfied was that he felt neglected.
Photo note: Huang Yanpei spoke at the first plenary session of the Chinese Political Consultative Conference.
Another prominent democrat, Huang Yanpei, arrived in Beiping on March 25 and was received by Chairman Mao the next day; Liu Yazi had been in Peiping for more than a week at this time, and Chairman Mao had no intention of seeing him;
Another reason is that some high-level democrats have equipped him with cars, and Liu Yazi thinks that he is very old, but he is not equipped with a car, which makes him look very bad.
So under such circumstances, on March 28, 1949, Liu Yazi wrote a seven-law poem to the chairman with complaints:
"Sentiments Presented to Chairman Mao"
The earth-breaking Jun Zhenjian said that Xiang YiLiu I was in great difficulty. The table is not five deer, no car bombs complain about Feng Chen.
The head has long regretted that it is a lowly life, and the liver and gallbladder would rather forget an inch of Dan. Andean March is successful, and the sub-lake is Ziling Beach.
Photo note: Chairman Mao and Liu Yazi
In these poems, Liu Yazi uses several allusions, comparing the chairman to Liu Bang and Jiang to Xiang Yu, and the meaning of the whole poem is:
Chairman Mao has now become the "Son of Heaven", and he has forgotten the old people; I am not as able to speak the Tao as Wulu Chongzong (Huang Yanpei), nor am I like Feng Chen, a protégé of Meng Tianjun, who did not travel by car; I supported you in such a difficult environment, and now you have forgotten me at all; after the reunification of the whole country, I had no choice but to study Yan Ziling and live in seclusion early...
In addition to writing poems, Liu Yazi also made a big attack on the guards who were protecting him at that time.
Photo note: Yishou Hall of the Summer Palace
After Liu Yazi moved to the Summer Palace, he felt that the GUARDS of the People's Liberation Army who protected him had an element of surveillance following him, which hindered Liu Yazi's freedom, so Liu Yazi did not let the guards follow every time he went out, and even deliberately avoided the guards.
On March 28, Liu Yazi went out for a walk alone again, and when he returned, he just caught up with the changing of the guard at the gate, the new soldier was a newcomer, did not know Liu Yazi, and stopped Liu Yazi in a long shirt as an ordinary person.
Liu Yazi was already in a bad mood, and now he couldn't even enter the gate, so he was furious and shot down at the guards who raised their crutches, and scolded while hitting: "Chairman Mao let me enjoy happiness, not let me touch the nail!" ”
The soldiers could not dodge, and they were hit the head and body several times, and the PLA soldiers were beaten, but they still insisted on not fighting back, insisting on not letting Liu Yazi enter.
At this time, Liu Yazi's guards rushed over and quickly stopped the development of the incident, but the beaten soldiers were greatly wronged and reported to their superiors asking to go to the front line to fight, and they were not guards. Later, it was Li Kenong himself who went out on horseback to persuade the soldiers to return.
Photo note: Vice Chairman Zhou hosted a banquet for the negotiators
After this incident, Liu Yazi stopped for a few days, and on the night of April 7, Liu Yazi was angry again.
It turned out that on that day, Zhou Enlai held a banquet at the Summer Palace to entertain Shao Lizi, a peace negotiator of the Nanjing government. Liu Yazi heard that Vice Chairman Zhou had come to the Summer Palace, and he did not come to see him, nor did he invite himself to the banquet, and he was immediately very angry.
When he saw that he didn't even have the green lentils and fresh cucumbers he wanted to eat in the meals he wanted to eat, Liu Yazi said angrily: This cucumber is not fresh at all, I want to eat fresh.
The cook replied: This season's dishes are like this, and they are fresh in summer.
Liu Yazi felt that even the cook looked down on him, and directly slapped the cook.
After this incident, Liu Yazi even resorted to rogue tactics, and he released words: "If Chairman Mao and Vice Chairman Zhou ignore me any longer, I will jump into Kunming Lake or hang myself in Yishoutang."
Liu Yazi's beatings and scolding of soldiers and cooks quickly fed back to Chairman Mao, Zhou Enlai, and others.
After Zhou Enlai knew, he specially visited Liu Yazi with Deng Yingchao, and first explained to Liu Yazi the reason for the special visit:
"We have been coming to Beiping for more than 20 days, due to busyness, we did not come to visit and ask Mr. Liu for understanding. Recently, I heard that Mr. Liu was not in a good mood, and I felt very uneasy, so I came to visit Mr. Liu today. ”
Then criticize Him for beating the warriors:
"Our comrades have just entered the city, and they still don't understand many things, and they haven't done a good job, which makes Mr. Liu angry; but these few things, Mr. Liu, you have also gone too far." Our commander-in-chief Zhu can be said to have a great influence and a high position, but he has never beaten a single soldier, nor has he ever touched a soldier's finger. Beating people is not allowed in our people's army, and one of the reasons for the victory of the Chinese People's Liberation Army lies in the democratic system within the army, the leadership of the Party and the support of the masses of the people. Leaders should be kind to the staff, janitors, and guards around them. They have done the wrong thing, they can point it out, they can criticize education, and it is not right to beat people with their hands. ”
Photo note: Premier Zhou and Liu Yazi
Chairman Mao also said after learning about Liu Yazi:
"The stubborn temper of my old poet friend has risen again, it is false to retire, it is true to complain, it seems that we must talk to him well, so as to better exert his enthusiasm!"
On April 29, 1949, Chairman Mao's secretary Tian Jiaying sent Liu Yazi Chairman Mao's response to Liu Yazi's Seven Laws Poems- "Seven Laws and Mr. Liu Yazi"
Seven Laws and Mr. Yako Yanagi
Drinking tea in Guangdong has not forgotten, Suo sentence Yuzhou ye zhenghuang.
Thirty-one years of returning to the old country, reading the Chinese chapter during the falling flower season.
The complaint is too rich to prevent intestinal breakage, and the wind and objects should be looked at for a long time.
The Modao Kunming pond is shallow, and fish viewing is better than the Fuchun River.
Chairman Mao's poems show that he himself and our Party have never forgotten the revolutionary merits of Liu Yazi and other democrats. The last four sentences, euphemistically and implicitly criticize Liu Yazi's whining mood, but also sincerely retain him: "Stay in Beijing, here 'watching fish' is much better than on the Ziling Terrace on the banks of the Fuchun River!" ”
After Liu Yazi saw Chairman Mao Zedong's poem, he immediately wrote a poem "Ci Yun Feng and Chairman Mao Hui Poem":
Away from the sao Quzi Youlan resentment, demeanor Yuan Rong sea water volume.
If the name of the head of the garden belongs to me, I will not love Wu Jiang.
On May 1, 1949, Chairman Mao and his daughter Li Ne and others made a special trip to the Summer Palace to visit Mr. Liu Yazi, and Liu Yazi's matter was completely over.
Text/Take history as a mirror
Graph/Network
References/
The political implications of Mao Zedong's Seven Laws and Mr. Liu Yazi
Mao Zedong and Liu Yazi sang in poetry