Master Sun doing gastroscopy Figure | "Materia Medica China"
Beijing Tongzhou bus driver Master Sun, more than 30 years ago suffered from severe esophageal ulcers, repeatedly, often unable to eat normally, can only drink into a pulp through the sieve of liquid food, Master Sun suffered, tried all conventional treatment, did not get satisfactory curative effect, and if the ulcer continues to develop, may penetrate the esophageal muscle layer, resulting in the formation of a mouth between the trachea and the esophagus, life-threatening. By chance, Master Sun received oral medication with American cockroach extract as the main ingredient, accompanied by traditional Chinese medicine decoction, and after 3 months, Master Sun's ulcer completely disappeared, and with the help of drug prevention, Master Sun's esophageal ulcer never recurred. (Case from the third episode of the CCTV documentary "Materia Medica China Season 2")
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the origin of the American cockroach and cockroach</h1>
American cockroach
American cockroach, insect class has winged subclass cockroaches cockroaches large cockroach insects, common name is our familiar "cockroach", "cockroach" for its common name first seen in the "Materia Medica", that is: "the cockroach on the stove is not informal, mashed up, its boils come out of their own", and other aliases "stone ginger, slippery worm, oil stealer" and so on. To be precise, the American cockroach is part of a large family of cockroaches (4600 species, 460 genera known). Interestingly, most of the "big" cockroaches in the south of China are American cockroaches, while the "small" cockroaches in the north are mostly German cockroaches, so many northerners who come to the south will panic when they first see cockroaches that exceed their cognition! Especially if you mistakenly enter the kitchen in the middle of the night, you are drowsy and energetic for minutes.
The American cockroach is the largest species of cockroaches, with long antennae and a body length of 40-50 mm, which is the only scientifically confirmed species in the cockroach family that can be used for medicine. Cockroaches are omnivorous insects, like to live indoors, day and night, can secrete odor, and carry a variety of viral bacteria, humans have also come up with many ways to eliminate it, however, for this species that appeared in the Carboniferous period 350 million years ago, with strong survivability, it can still occupy a place in the continuous upgrading of human means of killing, and reproduce.
< h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > medicinal value</h1>
Literature| Li Qijuan, Wang Zhanguo, Liu Qiao, etc. Analysis and prospect of the research status of American cockroach and its key problems in the study[J].Chinese Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 201
Cockroach medicine was first included in the "Shennong Materia Medica", which said: "Humble, salty and cold, cure blood stasis, cold and hot, broken agglomeration, laryngeal closure, internal cold and childless", and listed it as a medium product, the American cockroach into the medicinal site is dry whole insects, salty, cold, into the heart, liver, spleen, kidney meridian, can strengthen the spleen and eliminate chancre, activate the blood veins, water dissipation, sores and muscles. American cockroach is a traditional medicine of ethnic minorities in southwest China, which was mainly used in ancient times to treat trauma and long-term incurable ulcer wounds. Studies have shown that the ingredients in the American cockroach are polysaccharides, peptides, nucleosides, polyols, steroids and terpenes, and then there are alkaloids, flavonoids and isocoumarin active substances have been separated one after another, the American cockroach in addition to the anti-fibrosis, tissue repair, anti-inflammatory and anti-swelling effects, as well as myocardial protection, anti-tumor and other effects, the currently listed related preparations are rehabilitation new liquid, angioplasm injection, hepatosaurus capsules, anti-phytolic liver tablets, etc., suitable for different clinical symptoms.
Among the many related preparations of American cockroach, the rehabilitation new liquid for the treatment of trauma and ulcers is the most widely used and market share, the main component of the rehabilitation new liquid is the ethanol extract of the dried insect body of the American cockroach, in the 1980s, the Vietnamese self-defense counterattack war participated in a large number of burns, burns warrior trauma wound treatment, because of the outstanding efficacy is praised, there are decomrophytic muscles, promote granulation tissue growth and vascular regeneration, improve gastrointestinal mucosa wound microcirculation, accelerate the repair and regeneration of the body's diseased tissue, improve local blood circulation, eliminate inflammation , edema and enhance the body's immunity and other effects, internal use for blood stasis block, stomach pain bleeding, stomach, duodenal ulcer and yin deficiency tuberculosis, pulmonary tuberculosis auxiliary treatment, external use can treat gold sores, fistula, ulcers, burns, burns, pressure sore wounds, etc., in the initial case, Master Sun's esophageal ulcer is mainly healed by rehabilitation of new liquid.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > edible value</h1>
"Cockroach Cake" in the movie "Snow Country Train"
In the movie "Snow Country Train", it is fictional that under the extreme survival conditions of the end of the world, some people have to eat "cockroach paste" to provide energy, in fact, this is not completely imaginative, cockroaches are indeed one of the excellent food sources, which are rich in amino acids and trace elements necessary for the human body, and the edible value is very high. In ancient China, there were records of eating cockroaches, and the "Compendium of Materia Medica" contains: cockroaches, "Tibetan utensils: shaped like locusts, and eaten by Shu people." In Yunnan folk, people catch cockroaches that are molting, blanch and wash them with boiling water, and fry them in a frying pan, making the food crisp and delicious. Studies have shown that the crude protein content of female, male adult and nymphs of American cockroaches is 61.9%, 67.2% and 60.2%, respectively, with an average of 63.1%, which is similar to the crude protein (62%) of Peruvian fishmeal; The fat content of female and male adults and nymphs was 18.39%, 13.07% and 20.14%, respectively, with an average of 17.20%, a total sugar of 4.2%, and an average of 5.68% crude ash; American cockroach contains 18 kinds of amino acids, 8 kinds of essential amino acids. The total amino acids of female, male adults and nymphs were 52.86%, 60.39% and 52.93%, respectively, with an average of 55.39%, and the average content of essential amino acids of female and male adults and nymphs was 21.06%, accounting for 37.91%, 38.25% and 37.86% of the total amino acids, respectively, and the proportion was balanced, close to the ideal model of the World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (40%).
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > security</h1>
American cockroach is one of the animal medicines, known as "flesh and blood sentient products", clinical use plays a unique role at the same time, of which oil, protein, heavy metals and other potential hazards can not be ignored. In the safety evaluation of American cockroaches, only its heavy metal content was limited, and the oils and fats and proteins in endogenous substances, pesticide residues in exogenous substances, and aflatoxin content were not controlled accordingly. The unsaturated fatty acids in the American cockroach oil can prevent cardiovascular diseases, and linoleic acid can reduce blood lipids, but studies have shown that its lipid components have toxic side effects for liver injury mice, and the whole powder can aggravate the liver damage of patients with liver dysfunction. Protein ingredients play antioxidant, immunomodulatory, repair liver damage and other roles, but also one of the allergens. Both are active ingredients and toxic ingredients, and controlling their content within the safe and effective range is an important issue in the safety evaluation of American cockroaches. However, the previous editions of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia have not included the American cockroach, and at present there are only four local standards in Sichuan, Yunnan, Hunan and Fujian, and it is urgent to promote the construction of the quality evaluation system of the American cockroach medicinal materials.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > concluding remarks</h1>
As a traditional Chinese medicine that has been applied for thousands of years, the American cockroach is receiving more and more attention with its unique curative effect, although there are many unpopular places in daily life, but it has made many contributions to human health, and there may be American cockroach-related foods for people to choose in the future, so "small strong" can not be disguised, let us expect it to continue to "turn harm into treasure" and make more contributions to human health.