October 8, 2021 is the 24th National Hypertension Day, and this year's theme is "Blood pressure should be known, blood pressure and heart rate should be up to standard".
High blood pressure can cause damage to important organs such as the heart, brain, and kidneys, and is known as a "silent killer". China's latest disease survey data show that more than 1/4 of the patients over the age of 18 have hypertension, but the control rate is only 16.9%, and the prevention and treatment of hypertension is very severe.
In addition, China's hypertensive patients have poor heart rate control, the heart rate ≥ 80 bpm of simple hypertension patients accounted for 38.2%, compared with healthy people, hypertension patients as a whole and cardiac norepinephrine overflow significantly increased, sympathetic hyperactivation, heart rate accelerated, eventually led to increased blood pressure, blood pressure increase will also in turn cause damage to heart function, so that the heart rate increases, blood pressure heart rate is mutually causal.
01
Why should blood pressure and heart rate reach the standard?
Controls blood pressure and protects the heart, brain and kidneys.
For every 10 mmhg reduction in systolic blood pressure or 5 mmhg in diastolic blood pressure, the risk of death is reduced by 10-15%, the risk of stroke is reduced by 35%, the risk of coronary heart disease is reduced by 20%, and the risk of heart failure is reduced by 40%.
The Italian HARVEST study found that the relative risk of developing persistent hypertension in patients with baseline heart rate > 85 beats per minute was 2 times that of <85 beats per minute, and for every 10 beats/minute increase in baseline heart rate, the risk of new hypertension increased by 8%.
In 14 studies of hypertensive patients at home and abroad, the relationship between heart rate and cardiovascular events or mortality was evaluated, and the mortality rate of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality was significantly increased in patients with baseline heart rate greater than 80 beats per minute.
02
How much is your blood pressure and heart rate?
Blood Pressure Compliance Criteria:
In general hypertensive patients, blood pressure should be reduced to 140/90mmhg, and those with diabetes, coronary heart disease and heart failure should be reduced to less than 130/80mmhg if they can tolerate it; in patients with renal failure proteinuria, blood pressure should be reduced to 125/75mmhg;
Hypertension aged 65-79 years of age drops below 150/90 mmhg and, if tolerated, further to less than 140/90 mmhg and below 80 years of age and above to less than 150/90 mmhg.
Heart rate standard: With reference to the opinions of the European Society of Hypertension, it is recommended that the heart rate intervention tangent point of hypertension patients in China be defined as a resting heart rate of> 80 beats per minute, and it is suggested that in the resting state, the heart rate of hypertensive patients at different time points is > 75 times per minute is also regarded as too fast.
Hypertension with heart failure, the target value of resting heart rate < 70 beats per minute;
Hypertension with atrial fibrillation, which can be controlled 80-100 times / min;
Hypertension complicated with coronary heart disease, stable angina patients with resting heart rate controlled at 55-60 beats / min;
Hypertension with aortic dissection, resting heart rate controlled at 50-60 beats / min;
Hypertension complicated with diabetes mellitus, resting heart rate controlled at 60-70 beats / min;
Hypertension with hyperthyroidism, resting heart rate < 90 beats per minute.
03
How to monitor blood pressure and heart rate?
Monitoring of blood pressure: home blood pressure, office blood pressure, ambulatory blood pressure
Monitoring heart rate: home self-measured heart rate, clinic heart rate, 72-hour ECG monitoring
72-hour Holter ECG monitoring provides more valuable information than self-measured heart rate and clinic heart rate, including circadian rhythm changes in heart rate, heart rate variability, nighttime heart rate, and avoidance of the white coat effect, while the nighttime average heart rate predicts cardiovascular events and death risk better than the average daytime heart rate.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="44" > the Cardiovascular Department of Chaoyang Branch of Nanchang Third Hospital has fully carried out wearable 72-hour Holter monitoring, and welcomes patients to come to the 12th clinic on the third floor of chaoyang hospital or the nurse station on the 14th floor of the inpatient department for consultation. </h1>
04
How to get my blood pressure up to standard?
1. Reduce sodium intake and increase potassium intake
Daily salt intake should not exceed 6g (about 1 beer cap), and pay attention to the intake of hidden salt (such as pickles, chicken essence, soy sauce, etc.). Do a good job of limiting salt, you can reduce the systolic blood pressure by 2-8mmHg.
2. Weight control
Maintain body weight within a healthy range (BMI: 18.5-23.9 kg/m2). A weight loss of 10 kg can reduce systolic blood pressure by 5mmHg-20mmHg.
Control energy intake and increase physical activity in daily life. The diet is dominated by fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy products, whole grains rich in edible fiber, and protein from plant sources.
3. Regular movement
Exercise can improve blood pressure levels, and regular exercise can reduce systolic blood pressure by 4-9mmHg.
Introduction to the Department of Cardiology of the Third Hospital of Nanchang City
Through more than 30 years of development, the Department of Cardiology of our hospital has now formed a first-class comprehensive department integrating medical treatment, teaching and scientific research with three wards in two districts of one hospital. It has three independent wards and a CCU ward, with a total of more than 180 beds.
He is good at the diagnosis, rescue and treatment of various doubts, difficulties and acute and critical diseases in cardiovascular medicine. Such as acute myocardial infarction, myocarditis gravis, heart failure, cardiogenic shock, various malignant arrhythmias, rescue, treatment and diagnosis and treatment of secondary hypertension. A number of interventional treatments have been carried out, including coronary heart disease, interventional therapy for acute myocardial infarction, coronary rotational grinding, permanent (temporary) pacemaker implantation, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) heart failure, aortic balloon counterpulsation therapy for cardiogenic shock and various arrhythmias (supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation), and intracoronal intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) detection and examination.
When you find abnormal blood pressure and heart rate, you can come to the Chaoyang Branch of Nanchang Third Hospital for consultation, we can conduct systematic and professional examination for you, screen for you for secondary hypertension, identify the cause of hypertension for you, evaluate the damage to the target organs of hypertension, and formulate a reasonable blood pressure management plan. At the same time, it can also identify the causes and mechanisms of increased heart rate for you, and according to your underlying disease, develop a heart rate control plan to make your blood pressure reach the standard, heart rate standard, and blood pressure heart rate double standard!
Written by: Wang Yuanyuan, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanchang Third Hospital
Correspondent: Hu Jia Ren Wei
Editor: Chen Shirui Zhou Yun
The image comes from the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original author