(The main text is about 2500 words, please read it patiently, cite 14 insect photos if you are uncomfortable, please forgive me.) ）
Today is the fourth solar term of the "Twenty-Four Solar Terms" - the spring equinox, the spring equinox will mean that everything has recovered, the earth is full of vitality to present a thriving scene, and the corresponding pests and diseases have also begun to be active, so friends engaged in horticulture and agricultural production need to pay special attention to the protection of crop plant protection during this time. During this time, there are also many friends to consult with me about some disease and pest protection problems, so it is necessary to sort out some plant protection experience and technical information with you, due to the limited space of this article I will introduce the control of ten common pests, from the hazard mode, hazard object, habits and chemical control four points to summarize and analyze, I hope that everyone can play a reference role in the actual production operation.
1, inchworm. Hazard mode: eating leaves. Hazards: Endangers many broad-leaved tree species, vine shrubs and herbaceous tree species in the nursery. Habits: Inchworm generally occurs 3 generations a year, individual years occur 4 generations, to pupate in the soil or between the bark gaps overwintering, the larva hatches and begins to eat, 1 to 2 years old only eat leaf flesh, leaving leaf veins, 3 to 4 years after eating into a lack of carving, after 5 years of age the amount of food doubled. Chemical control: 1, half a month before the germination of new shoots, spray 90% crystal dimethoate 1000 times liquid or 80% dichlorvos emulsion 1200 times liquid or 50% octyl thiophosphate emulsion 1000 ~ 1500 times liquid. 2. Spray 2.5% kung fu permethrin or 20% cypermethrin or 2.5% enemy killing emulsion and other permethrin insecticides 4000 to 5000 times liquid or 5% Ruijinte suspension 1500 times liquid after leaf spreading.
2. Aphids. Hazard mode: sucking juice. Hazards: Almost all plants in the nursery. Habits: A wide variety of species, can reproduce 10 to 30 generations a year, generation overlap phenomenon is prominent to adult, if aphids gather young branches and leaves on the sap direct harm, while spreading the virus. Chemical control: 50 ml of aphid aphid clear emulsion or imidacloprid series products 1500 to 2000 times liquid spray per mu, 10% of aphid net 60-70 grams; 25% anti-aphid 3000 times liquid spray control, the rotation effect is better.
3. Red spider (leaf mite). Hazard mode: sucking juice. Hazards: Moon season, peach, cherry blossom, begonia, rhododendron, and other flower shrubs are particularly serious, and the herbaceous plants of the mallow family are also the hardest hit areas. Habits: 13 generations occur in 1 year, and the overwintering eggs generally begin to hatch in early March, all hatch in early April, and enter the wintering period in mid-to-late October. Chemical control: with mite hazard 4000-5000 times uniform spray, 40% trichlorocarcidol emulsion 1000-1500 times liquid, 20% mite dead net wettable powder 2000 times liquid, 15% pyridoxine emulsion 2000 times liquid, etc.
4, Star Sky Bull. Hazard mode: Moth-eating branches. Hazard objects: The hazard objects distributed in most parts of China are mainly large native plants, such as poplar, willow, elm, oak, eucalyptus, eucalyptus, acacia, neem tree, safflower wood, etc. Habits: The larvae overwinter within the host xylem. Pupalization begins in early April of the following year, adults begin to feather in early May, and adult feathering peaks at the end of May and early June. The pre-spawning period is 13 to 18 days. Eggs are mostly laid in the basal part of the trunk or in the lower part of the main lateral branch, and the larvae hatch and moth phloem. Chemical control: 1, to prevent adult insects from laying eggs: in the adult activity period, with 80% dichlorvos emulsion or 40% Leguo emulsion, mixed with an appropriate amount of water and yellow mud stirred into a thin paste, brushed on the trunk base or at a distance of 30-60 cm below the trunk. 2. Poison and kill the larvae, and use a veterinary syringe to inject 80% dichlorvos emulsion or 40% Lego emulsion 5-10 times liquid into the worm mouth and seal the borer hole.
5. Grubs. Hazards: Nibble on plant roots and seedlings. Hazards: It can harm the underground part of almost all plants, and seedlings are more suitable for victimization. Habits: Occurs 1 generation a year and overwinters as 3-year-old larvae. In the following spring, the activities of moving to the tillage layer are harmful, the pupae are matured in May, the pupae are in full bloom from late May to mid-June, and the adult insects appear at the end of May; the peak period is the most harmful period of the year between June and July, and the spawning period is dense from mid-June to the end of early July. Chemical control: Sowing and transplanting seedlings with 3% furandan granules of 3-8Kg or 5% octyl thiophos granules per mu were found to be harmful to watering 1200 times octyl thiophos or 800 times 90% of the dimethodium or 40% of the oxidized fruit.
6, insect shell insects. Hazard mode: The main harm object of sap sucking: there are many harmful plants, especially rose family, camellia trees and vine shrub plants, and other plants such as pomegranates, rhododendrons, hibiscus, privets and other plants are also common. Habits: There are many kinds, generally 1-3 generations occur in 1 year. Most insects are covered with waxy secretions, often clustered on branches, leaves, and fruits, sucking up plant sap, which in severe cases can cause branches to wither or the whole plant to die. Its secretions can also induce coal pollution disease, which is extremely harmful. Chemical control: The first nymph crawling period or female adult egg laying and egg hatching are the two best chemical control periods. Spray 1000 times the liquid of borer or 3000 times of birin or 500 times of borage or 500 times of borax or 80% of dichlorvos emulsion.
7, military insects. Hazard mode: sucking juice. Hazards: Rosaceae, Woody family, Camellia family, legumes, as well as rhododendrons, gardenias, laughing, plum, Fuso, poplars, etc. are also common: Habits: In the south for more than 5 generations a year, adult insects overwinter in deciduous leaves, weeds, bark cracks and gaps in soil blocks under trees, and begin to be active in early to mid-April. Eggs are laid in tissues on both sides of the leaf veins on the underside of the leaf, and the nymphs incubate cluster on both sides of the main veins on the back of the leaf. Adults and nymphs flock to aspirate sap on the back of the leaves, causing the leaves to be pale or even fall off, which seriously affects growth and development. Chemical control: The activity period of overwintering adult insects from mid-April to early May is the focus of control, and 80% of the dichlorvos 1000 times liquid is selected. In mid-May, a small number of white newly feathered adult insects appeared in the leaves, indicating that the first generation of nymphs had basically hatched, and the adult insects had not yet laid eggs, and the control effect was the best at this time, and the 40% oxidized Leguo 1000 times liquid, or 50% marathon 1500 times liquid, or 50% borer pine emulsion 1000 times liquid spray, and the continuous control of the above agents in the growing season can completely eliminate the insect pests.
8, thorn moth. Hazard mode: eating leaves. Main hazards: almost all plants in the nursery. Habits: The lower reaches of the Yangtze River can reproduce for 2-3 generations, and the last generation of mature larvae enter the soil and overwinter in cocoons. The larvae nibble on the leaves, nibbling on the leaf flesh at a young age; the slightly larger ones become missing carvings and holes, and in severe cases, they eat light stalks. Chemical control: Spray 80% dichlorvos emulsion 1200 times liquid or 50% malathion emulsion 1000 times liquid and 25% iminothion emulsion 1000 times liquid during the peak of the larvae.
9, poisonous moths. Hazard mode: eating leaves. Main hazards: Most common woody tree species. Habits: East China, middle China 3-4 generations, began to be active in April, the first, second and third generations of larvae pest peak period is mainly in mid-June, early august and early september, around the beginning of October began to cocoon overwintering. The first and second instar larvae gather on the back of the leaves to feed on the leaf flesh, and after the third instar, the dispersal hazards nibble on the leaves form a large deficiency. Chemical control: Spray 800 times 50% of borage pine emulsion or 3000-5000 times of 2.5% bromohydropethrin.
10, boat moths. Hazard mode: eating leaves. Main hazards: poplars, willows, plants, cherries, apples, bamboo and other habits: usually four generations a year, the fourth generation of larvae in September under the tree pupae overwintering. The larvae are clustered, and the 1-2 instar larvae nibble on the epidermis of the leaf, and after 3 years of age, they disperse and overeat, and can eat the whole leaf. Chemical control: Spray 800 to 1000 times 90% of the dichlorvos liquid or 1000 times 50% of the borer pine or 1000 times 50% of the octylthiophos emulsion.
Well, this article "Horticultural Plant Protection Series (Part I) - Control of Common Top Ten Pests" article is temporarily introduced here. In the next issue, I will publish a series of horticultural plant protection (next) articles, welcome to exchange horticultural knowledge with me, WeChat: (please private message) Interested friends can pay attention to my more original flower articles (about red skin, willow leaf verbena, shiba cherry, pink daisy, lavender, etc. My original article link: new net red grass - a brief discussion on the application experience of red skin planting, how to create a large willow leaf verbena flower sea, spring planting flowers - how to create a sesame cherry blossom field, "net red grass" pink daisy grass market market and planting, spring planting flower sea - How to create a sea of lavender flowers How to create a large flower moon season garden interested friends can learn about it).