Zhang Daqian's "Camellia Butterfly", written in 1940 in Qingcheng Mountain
Zhang Daqian's "Lady picking flowers", written in 1940 on Mount Qingcheng
In 1939, Zhang Daqian, Huang Agglutin (left), Yang Wanjun (right) and children at the Dujiangyan Anlan Rope Bridge
From 1938 to 1948, in addition to going to Dunhuang, Zhang Daqian intermittently lived and spent the summer in Qingcheng Mountain. Qingcheng Mountain is among its many residences in the Chengdu Plain, the longest residence, the most paintings, "Qingcheng half a million paintings dare not say, a thousand paintings are there." In 1962, Zhang Daqian, who wandered the world, painted a huge painting of "Qingcheng Mountain Tongjing Screen" in São Paulo, Brazil, the inscription of which said: "The foam water is still turbulent, and the Weijiang River is difficult to hope for Shu Mash." In his lifetime, he dreamed of taking over the Qingcheng Mansion, and threw a pen and was ashamed to conspire with the ghost. In the sound of cuckoos, Qingcheng Mountain and "Ancient Mountain Qing" merge into one, and in the mountain moon when Youzi returns from night and night, is the method of "splashing color" created by him the brilliant smoke and rain of Qingcheng Mountain?
The return of Pepsi is comforting
In 1938, Zhang Daqian's family escaped from Beiping (present-day Beijing) occupied by the Japanese Kou, traveled to Shanghai and Hong Kong, passed through Wuzhou, Liuzhou, Guilin, Guiyang and Chongqing, and returned to Chengdu.
His son Zhang Xinzhi later recalled that the Taoist elders of Qingcheng Mountain were very enthusiastic, "In order to make my father have a better environment for painting, a solitary accommodation with more than ten houses was arranged for our family." Zhang Daqian once had a 3-month ordination experience due to the death of his fiancée Xie Shunhua, and the smokey Qingcheng Mountain seemed to be outside the world, giving him a hint of comfort for the rest of his life. With mixed feelings, he wrote "Shangqing Borrowed Residence" to express his nostalgia: "I pride myself on being famous for my mountain foot in this life, and I can live in Qingcheng with my family." Children catch butterflies know that it is appropriate to paint, and the chinese women tune the piano and argue. Millet does not seek waist and foot health, and the brewed pear makes the lungs and liver clear. When he returned, Pepsi was comforted, waiting for the armor washers in the Tianhe River. ”
In September of the following year, Zhang Daqian instructed his close friend Fang Jie to engrave the seals of "Shangqing Borrowed Residence" and "Qingcheng Guest". For the "First Peak of Qingcheng" who took in his family, Zhang Daqian was full of gratitude, painted and inscribed a poem: "After returning from a hundred disasters, He xie shi atmosphere, self-supporting dreams hang on the autumn clouds." The trees are lined with high platforms, and the clothes are dyed with smoke and the treasure hall of the temple. Ten thousand factions rushed to the soles of their feet, and they were alone in the crowd. The heavens thought to themselves, cough how to teach the netherworld to hear? He could not forget the pain of the Japanese army's homeland on the north plane, "That day (July 31, 1937) it rained again, and we lined up in the rain, like lambs waiting to be slaughtered, as if they would be shot and slaughtered at any time..."
Spring is coming, and this is the first spring that the Daqian family ushered in in Qingcheng Mountain. Zhang Daqian painted "Liuyin Lady Figure", and the inscription poem said: "The society scatters the usual swallows flying, and the flowing fireflies are all on the wild man's clothes." The light Luo small fan is faintly, and the silver Han star has not been in recent days. This year's Qingming Festival, the Dujiangyan water opening ceremony invited Zhang Daqian to participate, but he did not go down the mountain. Friends Zhang Muhan and Yi Junzuo ridiculed him whether he did not have a suit, Zhang Daqian said with a straight face: "The mother's lesson, do not dare to forget." Because of his mother's last training, Zhang Daqian wore Chinese-style robes all his life, and his disciples also dressed in long robes. When his homeland was in trouble, looking to the north, what mood did he have to show his face?
Yi Junzuo and Mr. Daqian's family lived next to each other on Qingcheng Mountain and witnessed Zhang Daqian's life on Qingcheng Mountain: "Mr. Zhang Daqian took us around the Shangqing Palace, inspected the two hundred plum blossoms he planted, and went to a pavilion he built, called 'Daqian Pavilion', to overlook Zhao Gong Mountain. This pavilion is facing the mountain, and the mountain is condensed, like unfolding a huge screen. "This time, it was nearly dusk when we arrived at the Shangqing Palace, and we met Mr. Hu Ciwei, Zhang Qingyuan, and Wang Sizhong at Mr. Zhang Daqian, that is, we had dinner at The same place, and the dishes were exquisite. When the lamp was in charge, everyone in Ciwei went down the mountain, and we and Daqian's family surrounded the stove and set up a 'dragon gate array', and Daqian talked about his boyhood being kidnapped by bandits, a story that could be sung and wept..."
Raise leopards and bears to draw butterflies
Summer is coming, the older children are studying and living in Chengdu, and they can return to the mountains on holidays, while the young children are catching butterflies on the mountain and letting their father draw. On a fan for his 9-year-old son Bao Luo (Xin Yi), Zhang Daqian wrote a poem: "Nine-year-old Tong (tong) zi is jumping in a posture, and when he flutters butterflies, he still draws pictures." On the "Qingcheng Mountain Red Leaf Butterfly Map", he also wrote down by hand: "The butterflies in the Qingcheng Mountain are as big as palms, the brilliant colors are great in Luofu, and the lush trees are covered with red leaves, which makes people think about the autumn and winter, the frost leaves are full of forests, bright as flowers, and the butterfly dreams are vivid!" ”
In the mountains, he accompanied his father's eldest daughter Toshi (Xin Rui) and fell in love with the farmhouse-style mashed dumplings. She remembered that in the autumn of Qingcheng Mountain, the sound of birds was gentle among the autumn leaves, and someone told her father that this bird was a "red-clothed thrush", so Zhang Daqian later loved to paint "red leaf birds", "Whenever I saw maple trees in other places, my father would always think of Qingcheng Mountain, he said, 'The maple leaves on Qingcheng Mountain are red early, red and colorful, and the most beautiful. ’”
Zhang Daqian once raised tigers with his second brother Zhang Shanxiao in suzhou Master of Nets Garden. On Mount Qingcheng, he soon raised a leopard and a bear, and is said to have raised an ape.
One evening, Zhang Daqian, together with his wife and mind, Xinrui, and Bao Luo, was walking near the Shangqing Palace when he suddenly heard the roar of leopards in the distance. Everyone panicked, but Zhang Daqian calmly let everyone return first and stayed behind to see what was going on. The family became worried, and after a while and a half, he came back with a smile on his face, saying that he was hiding behind a big tree and wanted to wait for the leopard to come out, but he never saw it.
Later, a friend brought a small leopard. The children remembered, "The leopard was only a few months old, not yet as high as the table, and followed his father every day, even sleeping together." "At first, it was just a small leopard weighing about ten pounds, but later after we fed it, it grew into a large leopard about two meters long and weighed fifty or sixty pounds, with beautiful hair." "In the morning, the leopard got up early and gently woke up his father with his paws." "When Dad and I were walking on Mount Qingcheng, it was always behind. When Dad painted, he lay under the painting case, and at night he slept under His Father's bed. In the beginning, our brothers and sisters were afraid that it would bite people, and we were always afraid of it. ”
Zhang Daqian said to the second son: "People are very afraid of tigers and leopards, thinking that they will hurt people and eat people. In fact, these animals can be kept at home, just like raising cats and dogs. Some people also say that to raise these tigers and leopards, they must knock out their front teeth from an early age so as not to be dangerous, but it turns out that the tigers and leopards that I raised with your Abba (second uncle Zhang Shanxiao) in the past did not knock out their teeth, nor did they have anything to do with the iron cage. You see, isn't this leopard living well with us? Unfortunately, one day, Zhang Daqian bought back a large piece of plate oil (lard) to hang on the kitchen wall, and the leopard stole most of it, and died of diarrhea.
As for the bear, the children remembered that it was tied with chains, and the brothers and sisters often playfully drank it when they drank the pear wine made by their mother. I remember that my father once saw them and reminded them to beware of the bears getting drunk and breaking free of the chains and running. One day, the bear really broke free of the chain and climbed to a large ginkgo tree at the gate of the Shangqing Palace, and no matter how much the children called for it, it refused to come down. In order not to hurt anyone, after obtaining the consent of Daqian, the Taoists invited hunters on the mountain and killed the drunken bear with a shotgun.
In 1943, Zhang Daqian returned to Mount Qingcheng from Gansu and together with his children released more than a dozen red-clawed jade-billed crows brought back from Tianshui into the mountains. In 1947, Zhang Daqian Xikang returned from sketching and brought back ten small Tibetan mastiffs, And Xinyu remembered, "The family has become a small zoo." On the map of "Qinggong on Qingcheng Mountain", Zhang Daqian wrote down the poem of Lu You's "Climbing the Qing XiaoGe": "If you want the elixir to exchange for mortal bones, first save the Heavenly River to wash away the customs." In the Qingcheng Mountain, where "the good colors of Qingcheng are solved, and the jade mountain shines with xiaoxia red", Zhang Daqian finally found a living self.
Zhang Daqian also took his children and apprentices to plant a lot of red and green plums in the courtyard of the Shangqing Palace and next to the stone road to the main peak, some of which were brought back by his trip to Dunhuang. In the Shangqing Palace, facing Zhao Gongshan, listening to the cries of azaleas, thrushes and jade-billed crows, waiting for a tree to blossom with plum blossoms, Zhang Daqian slept and forgot to eat and painted the most beautiful scenery of Qingcheng Mountain. At that time, he would not have thought that he would one day write in a foreign land: "The old man will not disobey his wish to plant plums, and he will go around the house today." Mo Hao was able to reward each other several times, that is, the soul of the dead woman turned into a crane. The soldier's heart was as thin as a plum blossom, and he remembered the shadow bitterly. I also have a garden that has not yet been obtained, and the bamboo edge dreams of a branch. ”
To see the mountains, you must look at the old mountains
In 1939, the writer Yi Junzuo had a wonderful conversation with Zhang Daqian: "Daqian asked: 'Which mountain do you think this mountain looks like?'" I said, 'It's kind of like Zhongnan Mountain.' Da Qian laughed and said, "A little good!" Then he said, "I am afraid that the only people who can understand that this green city is like the Ultimate South Mountain are you and me." I said, 'One of the reasons like Zhongnan Mountain is that there are so many trees.' Daqian said, "Yes! Therefore, the South Mountain is green all year round, and Qingcheng is not to mention. ’”
Yi Junzuo also witnessed Zhang Daqian "running away from home" in a negative mood due to quarrels with his wives: "Men, women and children of the two families, together with the Taoist monks of the Shangqing Palace, waited for three o'clock, and everyone went to explore the whereabouts of this great painter and rescue him." But Qingcheng Mountain has thousands of peaks, overhanging rock cliffs, deep ravines, jungle weeds, where do we go to find? ...... Until it's dawn, oh my God! It was not easy to find this master sitting with his eyes closed, as if he were facing a wall, looking at the nose, and cultivating there. A large group of us was so overjoyed that we couldn't help but say that his three wives immediately dragged him out of the hole, and then he looked at it, but calmly and leisurely said: What a fuss! ”
This story is slightly different from the memories that my daughter picked up, and I don't know if it is the same time. "The three mothers were in a hurry, the sky began to darken, we held torches and searched along the mountain road, circled around, and finally saw my father lying on the bench of the first pavilion that came out of the back door of the Shangqing Palace." She knelt down with her younger siblings and said, "Please daddy go back," and Zhang Daqiancai went back without a word. The next day, Zhang Daqian quietly said to his eldest daughter: "Dad saw you calling Daddy on the pavilion of the first peak, and Daddy was on the pavilion beam." It turned out that he hid on the beam of the "Great Thousand Pavilions" and hid.
Today, from the Daqian Yi poems found in Chengdu, it can be seen that Zhang Daqian wrote several "Miscellaneous Poems of Self-Sacrifice" on a night in Qingcheng Mountain in 1939, one of which said: "Mandarin ducks are colder than ice, and good dreams are not enough." Looking back at Tiantong Creek on the road, packing and reworking as a monk at home. In two other anecdotes in August 1944, a person's tiredness, sorrow, and loneliness with nowhere to tell can be seen: "Sanju can fall in love without mulberry, and a hundred years is really a dream body." Some slight incense is in love, why should it look like a passerby. "Shan Lou listened (sat) to Xiao Xiao on a rainy night, and he couldn't talk to himself. Always sleep less lately, non-Guan Chu Xiao hit basho. ”
Mr. Daqian once longed to visit the legendary "Taoyuan" old people's village (now Wenchuan Shuimo Old People's Village). In 1959, when he was overseas, he painted a painting "Qingcheng Old People's Village" and inscribed two poems: "It is difficult to throw yourself into the wilderness and beg for food for ten years, and it is impossible to return to the dream of Qingcheng." The old man in the village should have been exhausted, with tears and tears in his eyes. "Ten years of desolation will be exhausted, so the mountain is still long." Thousands of miles of hometown frequently dream, hanging the sail is the day of return. Later, he wrote separate inscriptions on "Mountain Creek Cottage" and "Gift to Mainland Friends Qingcheng Splash Ink Landscape": "Ten years to go to the country I said, wanli returned to the hometown and listened." Travel throughout Europe, southwest and North America, and look at the mountains and look at the old mountains. "The scenery of the huanhai is blue at the bottom, and the mountain is still a hometown relative." Half-life dream Qingcheng house, wax sandals moss marks in the painting. ”
"Yingying water, stacked green mountains, put my boat, high chanting in between." In the early summer of 1946, Zhang Daqian borrowed a face in the middle of the mountain to paint a corner of the mouth of the treasure bottle, looking at the layer of lush trees, streams and valleys, and in the smoke and rain, a high priest in the lower left corner floated by boat, which must be a splendid soul of "amorous thousands".
Lin Yuanheng/Wen Image courtesy of the author
author:
Source: Chengdu Daily