Clams
The great gecko is commonly known as clams and fairy toads. It is larger, with a body length of more than 30 cm, and the head is longer than the tail. It inhabits rock crevices or tree holes in mountain rocks or wilderness, and lives in woods, open land, deserts, and houses. It has the effect of tonifying the lungs and benefiting the kidneys, absorbing asthma and so on.
Introduction to clams
Medicinal name: clams
Pinyin: Gé Jiè
Aliases: to clams, clams, fairy toads
Source: This product is a dry body of clams of the gecko family. It can be captured all year round, removed from internal organs, wiped clean, and propped open with bamboo chips, so that the whole is flat and straight, and dried at low temperature.
Properties: This product is flattened, the head and neck and torso are 9 to 18 cm long, the head and neck account for about one-third, the abdomen and back are 6 to 11 cm wide, and the tail length is 6 to 12 cm. The head is slightly flattened and triangular, the eyes are more concave into holes, there are fine teeth in the mouth, born on the edge of the jaw, and there are no large teeth. The snout is semi-circular, the snout scales do not cut the nostrils, and are connected to the nasal scales, with 1 piece on the left and right of the upper nasal scales, 12 to 14 pairs of upper lip scales, and 21 lower lip scales (including chin scales). The ventral back is oval in shape and the abdomen is thin. The back is greyish-black or silvery-grey , with yellowish-white or gray-green spots scattered or densely packed into inconspicuous markings , and the vertebrae and lateral ribs protrude. All four feet have 5 toes; there are only web marks between the toes, and there are suction cups at the bottom of the toes. The tail is thin and firm, slightly bony, the same color as the dorsal back, and has 6 to 7 distinct silver-gray ring bands. The whole body is densely covered with round or polygonal slightly shiny fine scales, which are fishy and slightly salty.
Chemical composition: clams contain carnosine, choline, carnitine, guanine, protein, cholesterol; glycine, proline, glutamic acid and other 14 kinds of amino acids; calcium, phosphorus, zinc and other 18 kinds of elements
Sexual taste: salty, flat.
Attribution: Return to the lungs and kidneys.
Storage: tightly packed with wooden boxes, commonly used peppers mixed, placed in a cool and dry place, anti-moth.
Contraindications: External sensation of wind chills and wheezing is contraindicated.
Efficacy of clams
Benefits the kidneys and tonifies the lungs; fixes wheezing and stops coughing. Main lung and kidney two deficiency asthma cough, fatigue cough; hemoptysis; kidney deficiency impotence; sperm retention; urinary frequency; thirst quenching
<h1>The role of clams</h1>
1. Estrogen effect
The clam alcohol extract prolongs the estrous period in normal female mice, and in de-ovary mice, the estrus period occurs, and the uterus and ovaries (normal mice are the most heavily weighted).
2. Androgen-like effect
Taking the weight of the prostate, seminal vesicles and levator ani muscles of mice as indicators, the clam alcohol extract showed male hormone-like effects.
3. Asthmatic effect
Clam alcohol extract has a significant asthma relief effect on guinea pig asthma caused by acetylcholine, and also has a direct relaxation effect on guinea pig ex vivo trachea, while clam decoction has no obvious effect. However, it has also been reported that the hydroxol extract has no relaxing effect on the ex vivo tracheal smooth muscle of guinea pigs with pain caused by histamine or acetylcholine.
4. Immune enhancement effect
Both the body and tail of the clam can enhance the motility of guinea pig leukocytes, the phagocytic function of lung and bronchial phagocytes on bacteria and the phagocytic function of celiac phagocytes, clam extract can significantly increase the spleen weight of mice, and can fight the immunosuppressive effect of prednisoptera.
5. Delay the aging effect
The ethanol extract (GEA) of clams can prolong the average lifespan and half of the lethal time of male and female drosophila, improve the flight activity and hardiness of drosophila, prolong the survival time of hypoxia in mice, and initially confirm that clams have certain anti-aging effects.
6. Anti-inflammatory effect and other effects
The water-soluble part and fat-soluble part of clam alcohol extract have inhibitory effects on formaldehyde rat ankle swelling, mouse ear inflammation caused by xylene and increased capillary permeability caused by glacial acetic acid, and can cause thymus contraction in juvenile rats, and can also significantly reduce the vitamin C content in the adrenal glands of normal rats, showing adrenal cortex hormone-like effects.
Usage of clams
Internal use: 3 to 6 g, more into pills or liquor. --Chinese Pharmacopoeia
Internal use: decoction, 1 to 2 dollars; or into pills, loose. --Dictionary of Chinese Medicine
For internal use: decoction, 3-6g; powder, 1-1.5g; or into pills, loose. --"Chinese Materia Medica"
<h1>Dictionary of Chinese Medicine: Clams</h1>
【Source】《Lei Gong Cannon Burning》
[Pinyin name] Gé Jiè
【Aliases】 Clam crab ("Rihuazi Materia Medica"), Fairy Toad ("Gangmu"), Big Gecko ("Chinese Medicine"), Bug Snake, Deduo, Grip, Stone Tooth (Guangxi Chinese Medicine).
[Source] remove the whole of the internal organs of the gecko clam. It is usually captured between May and September. Main methods: (1) Illumination: When the clams go out to forage for food at night, illuminate with a strong light, and the clams see the strong light and immediately do not move, you can catch. (2) Lead touch: tie the hair with one end of a small bamboo pole, reach out to the stone crack or tree hole to lead the touch, the clam bites the hair and does not let go, that is, quickly pulled out, caught into the cage. (3) Acupuncture: Tie an iron needle on a bamboo pole and stab the clam when it comes out at night. After the clams are caught, they are killed with a hammer, the internal organs are removed by caesarean section, dried with a dry cloth, and then the limbs, head and abdomen are stretched out with bamboo pieces, and the tail is fixed to the bamboo pieces with white paper to prevent them from falling off, and then baked over low heat.
[Original form] shaped like a gecko and large, with a total length of more than 20 cm. The head is large and triangular; the snout is convex; the nostrils are near the snout; the ear holes are oval; the eyes are large and prominent; and there are many small teeth in the mouth. The whole body is densely scaled, the upper lip scales are 12 to 14, the first piece reaches the nostrils; the snout scales are wide, and there are 3 larger scales on the posterior edge, and the scales on the head and back are small and polygonal; the tail scales are irregular, nearly rectangular, arranged in a ring; the large and protruding scales are embedded in rows of small scales, with about 3 rows of small scales between the rows, and there are about 10 to 12 longitudinal rows distributed in the trunk; there are 6 rows at the tail; there are 3 pairs of raised scales on the tail side; the thorax and abdomen scales are larger and evenly arranged in a tile-like shape. The fingers and toes are webbed; the fingers and toes are enlarged, and there are single-row fold flaps at the bottom, except for the first finger and toe, all of which have small claws at the end. Males have more than 20 velveotomies, which are connected left and right. The base of the tail is thicker, and the posterior capsule is conspicuous. The back of the body is purple-gray with brick-red and blue-gray spots; the soaked specimen becomes a horizontal spot of dark and light, with about 7 to 8 dorsal spots, and the head, limbs and tail are also scattered; the tail has 7 dark and light rings, which are thicker in color; the ventral surface is nearly white, scattered with pink spots. The tail is easy to break and can regenerate.
【Habitat distribution】Mostly inhabited in mountain rocks and tree caves, or living on walls, day and night, agile movements. It preys on insects and sometimes geckos, birds and flies. Distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou and other places.
【Properties】Dry whole, fixed on the bamboo sheet and flattened. The head and trunk are 10 to 15 cm long, the tail is 10 to 14 cm long, and the ventral back is 6 to 10 cm wide. The head is large, flattened, the eyes are large and concave, and the eye spacing is concave and grooved. The fine teeth are densely grown on the edges of the jaw and do not have large teeth. The back is greyish-black or silvery-grey with gray-brown or gray-green spots, the vertebrae and ribs on both sides are crest-like protrusions, and the whole body is densely covered with rounded, polygonal and slightly shiny scales. The limbs are 5 fingers and 5 toes each, and all but the 1st finger and toe have claws. The tail is slender and firm, thick on the top and thin on the bottom, with visible bone nodes in the middle, and the same color as the back. Tough, fishy and slightly salty. It is better to be large, fat, full tail, and not broken.
The main products are Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou and other places.
【Pharmacological effect】The ethanol extract of clams can prolong the emotional period of normal female mice, and the emotional period can occur in de-ovary rats, and increase the weight of the uterus and ovaries (normal mice). Taking the weight of the prostate, seminal vesicles and levator ani muscles of mice as indicators, the extract of clams (species not specified) showed male hormone-like effects, and its potency was weaker than that of Cnidium monde, Epimedium and Hippocampus.
【Preparation】Clams: remove the bamboo pieces, cut off the cephalopods and scales (tailless people pick and use), cut into small squares, wine clams: take the clam pieces and dip them with rice wine and bake them over low heat. After baking, but cutting the tail for the user, it is called "clam tail". (10 pairs per clam, half a catty of rice wine)
(1) "The Theory of Lei Gong Cannon Burning": "Clams, whose poison is in the eyes, must remove the flesh hairs on the eyes and nails, tails, and abdomen, soak them with wine, slowly bake them at intervals of two heavy papers, serve them with porcelain, and use them overnight on the corner of the hanging house, and the force can be ten times, do not hurt the tail." "
(2) "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Clams, combined medicine to remove the head and feet, wash away the impurities in the scales and hyenas, and use them with crispness." "
【Sexual taste】Salty, flat.
(1) "Kaibao Materia Medica": "Salty, flat, and slightly poisonous." "
(2) "Benjing Fengyuan": "Gancheng, Wen, small poison." "
【Return to the meridian】Into the lungs and kidney meridians.
(1) "Materia Medica": "Start with the Taiyin and Foot Less Yin Sutras." "
(2) "Materia Medica": "Start with taiyin and yin sutras." "
(3) "Materia Medica Renewed": "Enter the heart and kidneys." "
【Indications for function】Tonify the lungs and benefit the kidneys, stabilize asthma and stop coughing. Cure fatigue, pulmonary impotence, wheezing, hemoptysis, thirst quenching, impotence.
(1) "Sea Medicine Materia Medica": "Healing wounds, main pulmonary impotence, coughing and coughing." "
(2) "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Cure lung qi, stop coughing, and menstruate, stone drenching and cure blood." "
(3) "Kaibao Materia Medica": "The Lord has been working for a long time, curing coughs, draining, and channeling waterways." "
(4) "Derivation of Materia Medica": "Tonifying the lungs is a function." "
(5) "Outline": "Tonify lung qi, improve sperm and blood, fix asthma and stop cough, cure lung carbuncle and quench thirst, and help yang dao." "
(6) "Materia Medica Renews": "Warm in the kidneys, solid in essence to help the yang, through the shower, blood." Clam tails can cure hernias. "
【Dosage】Internal use: decoction, 1 to 2 dollars; or into pills, loose.
【Note】 External feeling of wind chill and wheezing is forbidden to take.
(1) "Materia Medica": "Cough by wind and cold outside the evil should not be used." "
(2) "To match the Materia Medica": "Yin and false fire, wind and evil breathing, both are prohibited." "
<h1>Caution: The following formulas should be used under the guidance of a physician. </h1>
<h1>[Side]</h1>
(1) Cure fatigue cough and lung qi: a pair of clams (head and tail are full, coated with crispy and scorched yellow), one or two shellfish (simmered slightly yellow), one or two asters (to remove seedlings, soil), almonds one or two (soup soaking, peeled, pointed, double kernels, bran fried slightly yellow), turtle nails two two (vinegar burning yellow, skirt peeling), soap pods one or two (stir-fried to make brown). Mulberry root white skin one or two (file). On the medicine mash luo for the end, refining honey and pounding three, two hundred pestles, pills such as sycamore large. Take 20 pills of jujube soup per serving, three or four times a day. Avoid amaranth. ("Shenghuifang" Clam Pill)
(2) Cure lung strain cough: a pair of clams (coated with vinegar a little, burning also color), aries lung one or two (divided into three points), wheat door winter half two (to the heart, baked), a winter flower one point, Hu Huang even one point. In addition to the sheep lung, the medicine is scattered, first the sheep lung is a point, in the sand basin finely studied like a paste, with no ash wine in a cup, warm to make the fish eyes boil, the next sheep lung, after the end of the medicine three dollars, stir evenly, let the patient lie down, go to the pillow, with the waist of the clothes, slowly swallow on the back, do not be too anxious. ("Shenghuifang" clam scatter)
(3) Cure lung cough, face floating, limb floating: a pair of clams (male and female head and tail full, clean washing, using wine and honey coating to cook), ginseng plant (purple ginseng). On the second taste, mash the luo for the end, melt the wax four or two, filter out the decoction, and the medicine powder, make six cakes. Each serving, hollow, with glutinous rice as a thin porridge, a cake of medicine, while hot, sip it carefully. (The General Record of Saint Francis, The Single Sacred Cake)
(4) A pair of clams with tails, coated with honey, wine, set on fire to bake crisp, grind fine powder, add northeast red ginseng equal amount, study well, honey refining into pills such as small beans large, 3 grams per serving, twice a day, cure cough surface floating, the elderly lung deficiency cough and asthma.
(5) 10 grams of dried clams, 30 grams of ginseng, yam, wheat dong, lily, a total of 3 grams of honey pills, 3 grams per serving, twice a day, warm boiled water to take, cure long cough tuberculosis.
(6) Ginseng clam wine: a pair of clams with tails, roasted on fire, ginseng (or red ginseng) 10-20 grams, soaked in 2000 grams of rice wine, seven days later to start drinking, drink 20-50 ml per day. It has the effect of tonifying kidneys and aphrodisiacs, and improving qi and calming the spirit. It is suitable for physical weakness, loss of appetite, insomnia and forgetfulness, impotence and premature ejaculation, lung deficiency cough and wheezing, and urinating at night.
【Discussion of each house】
(1) "Outline": "In the past, people could make up for the weakness, and ginseng and mutton belonged." Clams tonify lung qi, quench asthma and quench thirst, work with ginseng, benefit yin blood, help sperm and support, and work with mutton. In recent times, the treatment of strain and weakness, Xu Shuwei cures thirst, all of which are used to nourish them. Liu Chunyun, qi and liquid decay, yin and blood exhausted should be used. He Dayingyun, fixed breathless, Mo Jia here. "
(2) "Materia Medica": "Clams, whose main lung strain cough and drench, are lung and kidney diseases, and Laoji is weak in the lungs and kidneys and produces heat, so external evil is easy to invade, and internal evidence is also common." Clams are yin, can replenish the source of water, then the lungs and kidneys are nourished, and the fever cough is removed; the lungs are facing the hundred pulses, and the waterways are adjusted. Infusion of the bladder. The lungs are clear, so the drainage channel is self-channeling. "
【Remarks】 In the past, it has been found that the pseudo-clam is similar in appearance to the clam, and its differences are: the head is small, the teeth are born in the jaw, and there are large teeth. The eyes are small and nearly closed; there are reddish-yellow spots on the back; the scales on the back are extremely small, and there are no suction cups on the bottom of the fingers and toes. Cannot be used as a clam.
【Excerpt】Dictionary of Chinese Medicine