First, the evolution of words
2. Pronunciation of surnames
Pinyin: bèi
Phonetics: ㄅㄟˋ
Traditional Chinese: 貝
Kanji structure: Single structure
Orthography: Bey
Simplified initials: Bey
Five Strokes 86: MHNY
Five Strokes 98: MHNY
UniCode:U+8D1D
Four Corners number: 77802
Cangjie: BO
GBK encoding: B1B4
Canonical Kanji number: 0114
Bay's first stroke: 4
Total strokes: 4
Stroke Order: Vertical fold skimming
Clams, mother pearls, knife mussels, clams and other general names for mesomorphic mollusks.
Refers to the hard shell of a shellfish: a shell. Shell carving.
Ancient currency made of shells.
surname.
3. Origin of the surname
Source Stream One
Derived from the surname Ji and descended from the descendants of King Shu of Zhou, Ji Yi (姬奭), the fiefdom of The State of Li belonged to the clan with the name of the country. Ji Yi (姬奭), a famous summoner in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, was enfeoffed in the State of Yan after assisting King Wu of Zhou in destroying Yin Shang, and his capital was Ji, one of the nine states. After King Wu of Zhou died of illness, his son King Ji of Zhou Cheng was still very young, only twelve years old, so Zhao Gongyi, like Zhou Gongdan, did not go to his own fiefdom, but remained in Zong Zhou to continue to assist King Zhou Cheng and become an auxiliary chancellor. The State of Yan passed to Zhao Gongkang, a descendant of Zhao Gongyi, and gave his descendants the title of Zhiyi in the Julu Ganquan Shuishui Valley, and established the State of Yan (郥国, in present-day Qinghe, Hebei), a vassal state of the State of Yan, and his descendants took the name of the state and called it the Li clan. Due to its sparse population and weak strength, the territory of the Yan and Li states is actually dominated by the Northern Rong ethnic groups (Shanrong). In the seventh century BC, the Beirong people took advantage of the conflict between Zheng and Song, and the Qi and Lu countries conspired to destroy the Song state, attacked the south and gradually encroached on the Yan, Zheng, and Qi states, and the Marquis of Yan Huan was forced to move the capital to Linyi (present-day Xiong County, Hebei) to avoid the invasion of the Beirong nation.
In the thirteenth year (664 BC) of the Zhou Hui King Ji Lang, the famous Northern Rong Attack on the Yan Kingdom broke out, and the yan state, which had always been weak, was defeated, and the Duke of Yanzhuang hurriedly asked the Spring and Autumn overlord Jiang Xiaobai for help. At that time, with the strong assistance of Xianxiang Guan Zhong and Bao Shuya, the state of Qi was at its peak and its troops were strong. At the same time, in order to solve the years of disturbance, the Duke of Qi Huan also sent troops to attack Beirong, defeated Beirong on the julu line, and drove Beirong to Guzhu (lone bamboo) north of the Taihang Mountains (present-day Lulong, Hebei), saving the Yan state. After that, Qi Huan took the opportunity to occupy a large area of fertile land around Ganquan and swallowed up the state of Li. The monarch of the Yan kingdom, Duke Zhuang of Yanzhuang, also had no choice, and in order to express his gratitude for saving the country, he personally sent Duke Huan of Qi out of the country. Duke Yanzhuang was also very astute, and deliberately violated the law of etiquette of the princes and sent Duke Huan of Qi into the territory of the State of Qi for fifty miles. Duke Huan of Qi was also embarrassed to occupy a large area of land in the State of Yan, so at the suggestion of Guan Zhong, Duke Huan of Qi gave it to duke of Yanzhuang as a frontier land of the Fifty Li Qi State, named Yanliu (present-day Cangzhou, Hebei) as a sign of remorse. After occupying the land of the State of Qi, the Duke of Qi Huan renamed Ganquan beiqiu and became a vassal of the State of Qi. The people of the lost kingdom of the Li king clan changed their surname to Beishi, which has been passed down from generation to generation, and the history is called Bei's authentic sect, all of which are based on Qinghe in Hebei.
Most of the People of the Bei Clan revere Zhao Gongkang as the ancestor of the surname.
Source stream two
Derived from the place name, from the ancient Bechu area, it belongs to the clan with the name of Juyi. In the pre-Qin period, the land called Beiqiu, in addition to the Qinghe and Julu in present-day Hebei Province, there were also Boxing and Linhuang in present-day Shandong Province, Zhenjiang in Jiangsu Province, Zhaoqing in Guangdong Province, Qingchuan River in Korea, etc., all of which were called Beishui and Huqiu in ancient times, and most of their residents had people with the name of their places as surnames, called Hushi, and later simplified to Beishi in the later province.
Obviously, Bei's origin is the name of the place of "Huan", multiple branches and multiple sources, and it cannot be discussed.
Source flow three
Originating from the Manchus, it belongs to the Sinicization and changes its surname to a surname. According to the historical books "Qing Dynasty Tongzhi Clan Luo Manchuria Eight Banners Surname" and "Eight Flags Tongzhi" record:
(1) Manchu Hong'echun clan, also known as Hong'echun clan, Hong'e'echun clan, Manchu Hongecun Hala, shiju Ihan Alatun (present-day Siberian Nibuchu, Russia), Yalan (present-day Yalan River Basin, Russia), Suifen (present-day upper reaches of the Suifen River at the junction of China and Russia), Huifa (present-day Jilin Liuhe, Huifa River and lower reaches of the Shahe River, Huadian and Huinan area), Foala (present-day Erdao Village, XinbinYongling Town, Liaoning) and other places, and the later Han surnames are Hong, Guan, Bei, etc. The ancestor of this branch of the Bei clan was Hong'eqi Beihena, a Manchurian Zhengbai bannerman, who was originally a staff member of the Protectorate Army, and later praised to appease Tibet, and was awarded the hereditary Cloud Knight. Among his descendants, there are those who use the harmonic Chinese characters of the first sound of their ancestors' names as their surnames, called Beishi, which has been passed down from generation to generation.
(2) Manchu Huang Jia clan, Manchu Huanggiya Hala, ancestors were originally Han, at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, they were taken by the Xianbei Wuhuan tribe of Liaodong and integrated into the Xianbei ethnic group, and gradually evolved into the Liaodong Jurchen, and later the Mongols were introduced as surnames. The Manchus lived in Beihun Mountain Qin (present-day Zhangguangcailing, Jiaohe, Jilin), Foala (present-day Erdao Village, XinbinYongling Town, Liaoning), Ningguta (present-day Ning'an, Heilongjiang), Mongolians living in Zarut (present-day Zarut Banner, Inner Mongolia), Tumut (present-day Hohhot, Inner Mongolia), Dalinghe (present-day Jin County, Liaoning), and the later Multi-Crown Han surnames were Huang and Bei. The ancestor of this branch was Huang Jia Yongfu, a Manchurian Yellow Bannerman, who was a tired official to the Minister of the Interior. Among his descendants are those who take the harmonic Chinese characters of the first sound of the place name of the ancestral residence "Beihun Mountain Qin" as their surname, called Beishi, which has been passed down from generation to generation.
(3) In addition, there are some Beyler and Beizi of the Manchu and Mongolian ethnic groups, whose descendants gradually lost their authority after the late Qing Dynasty, and there are those who take the first sound of the official title of their status as surnames, called Beishi, which have been passed down from generation to generation.
4. The surname is the ancestor
Zhao Gongkang (Ji Kang) and Huang Jia Yongfu.
5. Population distribution
Bei is a multi-ethnic, multi-origin surname group, but the total population of mainland China and Taiwan Province has not entered the top three hundred surnames, and is ranked as the 110th door valve in the Song version of "Hundred Family Names".
The distant ancestors of the Pei clan originated in the Western Zhou Dynasty, when one of the sons of King Wen of Zhou was enfeoffed in today's Julu Hushui, Hebei Province, and established the State of Li, and the descendants of the Gong clan took the name of the country as The surname of Li, and later they removed the word "Yi" next to it and changed their surname to "Bei". Therefore, the surname "Bei" is also derived from the surname of the Royal Family of the Zhou Dynasty, that is, the surname of Ji.
Later, a bei tribe migrated from Juluhushui in Hebei to the southeast of present-day Boxing County, Shandong Province, and due to the gradual increase in the population of Beishi, the area was called Beiqiu. Others who live in Bechu also have the surname "Bey" in this regard. The Bei clan later developed into the Wang clan in Qinghe County, known as Qinghe County.
6. Genealogical literature
Five volumes of wuzhongbei clan genealogy in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, author to be examined, woodcut movable type printed in four volumes.
The genealogy of Wuzhongbei clan in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, is not divided into volumes, the author is to be examined, and the Ninth Year of the Republic of China (1920 AD) has four volumes of the Colo Edition.
Jiangsu Suzhou Wuzhong Bei family tree is not divided into volumes, (Republic of China) Bei Chuanli, Bei Guangli and other compilations, the Republic of China Decade (1921 AD) refined manuscript four volumes.
Four volumes of wuzhong bei family trees in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, rebuilt by Pei Renyuan (Republic of China), and four volumes of lithographs in the twenty-eighth year of the Republic of China (1939 AD).
Seven volumes of the genealogy of Dubei clan in Yiwu, Zhejiang, the author is to be examined, and the sixteen volumes of woodcut movable type prints in the second year of Qing Guangxu (1876 AD).
7. Gunwangtang Number
County Lookout
Qinghe Commandery (清河郡): Liu Bang of the Western Han Dynasty established a county in the fifth year of his reign (己海, 202 BC), which was later changed to a state, and was later established as a county during the yongguang period of emperor Yongguang of the Han Dynasty (43 BC to 39 BC), with its seat of governance in Qingyang (present-day Qinghe, Hebei). In the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was changed to a state and moved to Ganling (present-day Linqing, Shandong), which at that time had jurisdiction over the area from present-day Qinghe County in Hebei Province to Boxing County and Linqing County in Shandong Province. After the Yuan Dynasty, its jurisdiction was in present-day Qinghe City, Zaoqiang County, and parts of Nangong County, And parts of Linqing County, Xiajin County, Wucheng County, Gaotang County, and Pingyuan County in Shandong Province. During the Ming Dynasty, Qinghe County was transferred to the jurisdiction of Jingshi Guangping Province (present-day Daming, Hebei). From then until the Qing Dynasty, Qinghe County was subordinate to Guangping Province. At the beginning of the Republic of China, Qinghe County initially belonged to Ji'nan Province, the third year of the Republic of China (癸ug, 1913 AD) was changed to Daming Dao, the seventeenth year of the Republic of China (Pengchen, 1928 AD) was directly subordinate to Hebei Province, and the 25th year of the Republic of China (Chengzi, 1936 AD) was initially assigned to the Fourteenth Inspectorate district of Hebei Province. In September of the 27th year of the Republic of China (PengYin, 1938 AD) after the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Communist Party of China established the Anti-Japanese Base Area in Ji'nan District, with Qinghe County as its jurisdiction. In August of the 30th year of the Republic of China (Xin Wei, 1941 AD), the Jinji-Hebei Luyu Border District was established, with jurisdiction over Ji'nan District, and Qinghe County was the 13th Special District of Ji'nan District. After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, in November of the 34th year of the Republic of China (Ethyl Unitary, 1945 AD), Qinghe County was changed to the Second Special District of Ji'nan District. In September of the 37th year of the Republic of China (Pengzi, 1948 AD), the North China People's Government was established, and the Jinji-Hebei Luyu Border District was abolished, and Qinghe County was subordinated to the North China Administrative Region along with the Second Special District of Ji'nan District. On August 1, 1949, the People's Government of Hebei Province was established, and Qinghe County was assigned to Hengshui Special District of Hebei Province. On October 1, 1949, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Qinghe County People's Government moved from Chengguan to Gexianzhuang. On November 7, 1952, Hengshui Prefecture was abolished and Qinghe County was transferred to Xingtai Prefecture. On April 28, 1958, Xingtai Prefecture was abolished, and Qinghe County was assigned to Handan Prefecture; on December 20 of the same year, Qinghe County was abolished and merged into Nangong County. On May 3, 1960, handan special district was abolished, and Qinghe County was placed under the jurisdiction of Handan City along with Nangong County. On May 23, 1961, Xingtai Prefecture was re-established, and Nangong County still belonged. On July 9 of the same year, qinghe county was restored and still under the Xingtai Special District. In 1970, Xingtai Prefecture was changed to Xingtai District, which succeeded Qinghe County. In July 1993, Xingtai District merged with Xingtai City and was transferred to the jurisdiction of Xingtai City.
Don number
Liu Ren Tang: During the Ming Dynasty, Bei Heng served as Shaoyang Zhi County, and later changed to East Azhi County. He was forgiven for the officials, and he won the hearts and minds of the people. The imperial court transferred him to another appointment, and hundreds of elderly people from Dong'a qi went to the imperial court to retain him, and the imperial court had to promote him to a higher level and still stay in Dong'a.
Xiu Shi Tang: In the early years of the Ming Dynasty, Pei Qiong was summoned to revise the Yuan Shi, so "Xiu Shi" became another hall name of The Bei clan.
Fenggutang: When the Song Dynasty Beiqinchen served as the commander of Jiangyin County, he attached importance to the reclamation of fields and the development of production, and achieved remarkable political achievements, and the people of the whole county sang and celebrated the harvest, known as the county Songfeng Valley, because it was FengguTang.
Dongwu Tang: During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Huang Men ling (Zhongchang Shi) Bei Yu was once awarded the title of Marquis of Dongwu Yang by Emperor Huan of Han for his meritorious service to the Liang Ji family. In order to commemorate the great achievements of Bei, his descendants of the Bei clan made Tobu a hall name of the Bei clan.
Qinghe Hall: Taking the ancestral place as the hall name, the Spring Festival of bei in Guangxi and Guangdong is now a horizontal batch of "Qinghe Hall", and sometimes it is also written "Dongwu Di" and "Fenggu Di".
Guang Yu Tang: Wu Yue Shi Ze; Tai Xue Sheng. Ming Dynasty Taishi Beitai, Zi Zonglu, Jinhua. Less known as literature, yongle people. (Zhejiang Jinhua Yiwu ~ Guangyutang).
VIII. Ranking of characters
Jiangsu Wuzhong Bei's ancestors: "Nie Nian Shi De Shu Shan Er Body Virtuous Literature Wei Zhen Restoration".
Jiangsu HongzeBei's ancestors: "Wei De Yong Shou Xue Huai Bang".
Hunan Liuyang Bei clan ancestors: "Bandai Xinglong Kaizong Dafu Liangguo Sogo Glory Glory Yao Shi De Yun Chang Yuan Chengxian Zhi Da Hong Qi Yu Kun Xiang Cai Wen Zhi Mei Sa Zheng Ying Fame And Wealth Prosperity Long Loyalty Filial Piety Brilliant".
Guangdong, Guangxi Bei's ancestors: "Shunzhen Forever Yande Chongting Zhongyuan Xi Ru Shi Ji Zhaolong Wanshi sheng will enter the dynasty Rong for the study of ding bang guo Qida everyone's voice circulating Tong Yu Xiu a consistent heavenly scripture position name noble Xin Feng Fu Cheng should look up to the same day long also to wait for Lan Xin before and after the harmonious handsome ancient and modern revitalization Guangsheng Ming Fu Zhi Xi Xin Center Sage Guang Wen Huan Liang Cai Cheng Cheng Cheng" Cheng Long Zhang Lian Feng Zhen Qin Blessed Ancestors."
Nanyang Sarawak, Guangdong Jieyang Beishi ancestors: "Shunzhen Forever Yande Chongting Zhongyuan Xi Ru Shi Sheng will enter the dynasty rong for the study of the Ding State Period Da everyone order to pass on Yu Xiu a book through the heavens to establish a noble name Noble XinFeng Rich and Noble Cheng Ying Ye The same day long also to lan Xin before and after the handsome ancient and modern revitalization Guangsheng Ming Fu Zhi Xi Dexin Center Gantang legacy Hou Ze Qin blessed clan relatives."
A character of the Bei clan: "Tang Ting Yu Meng Ying Qian Shao Mo Ting Meng Chengyu Received Zong Heng".
9, Name and last name
Bei yu (AD?) ~167 to be examined), a native of Yuancheng, Wei County. Famous eunuch of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Pei Yiyuan: (born and died to be examined), Wuxingren (present-day Huzhou, Zhejiang). Famous Calligrapher of the Liang State during the Southern Dynasty. Pei Yiyuan is good at calligraphy, and his writing is exquisite and vigorous, and his pen gestures are flexible. Pei Yiyuan is particularly good at big characters, and the big characters he writes are more powerful. The "Monument of Xiao Xiu, King of Sixing Zhongwu" and the "Monument of Xiao Xiu, King of Anchengkang" that have survived to this day are his books, and are now in Nanjing, Jiangsu, of which the former is a calligraphy, the inscription is more than half damaged, its calligraphy is comfortable and graceful, with cursive writing, and the knot is dense, which is rare in the Southern Dynasty stele.
Pei Jun, a famous Tang Dynasty painter. Worker bird, Jude eagle bird. See Records of Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties.
Bei Qinshi, a native of Shangyu, Zhejiang. Famous Song Dynasty Jiangyin Zhi County. Beckyns attached great importance to agricultural water conservancy, and at that time there were canals in the county, and the water had long been obliterated, and Beckyns planned to rule it. He organized the villagers to contribute money and efforts, and it did not take more than a month.
Bei Qiong (1314–1378 CE), a Que (阙), courtesy name Tingju (琚), was a Tingchen and Qingjiang; Famous Ming Dynasty writer.
Bei Qingqiao (1810~1863 AD), zimu, no blame, also self-appointed mujushi; a native of Wu County, Jiangsu Province. Famous Qing Dynasty poet. Pei Qingqiao's poems are collected into eight volumes of the "Manuscript of The Poetry of The Half-Line Temple", a total of more than 800 poems, which were engraved by Ye Ting □ equal to the five years of Tongzhi. The two volumes of "Aggressive Yin" are single-line, and there is a 1914 Jiayetang publication.
Bei Tai, Ming Dynasty Tai Bachelor, Zi Zonglu, Jinhua. (Yiwu has his descendants). Tired official Guozi sacrificed wine, before and after more than forty years of taixue, the six halls of the people, suddenly conghua. Later to Shi Shi.
The above information is collected and sorted by Xun Qingyu on the Internet, mainly for the promotion of Chinese studies and Mongolian studies textbook literacy, supplemented by understanding family history, more information, more surnames in the collection, welcome suggestions and messages...
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