Share interesting stories in the countryside, exchange agricultural knowledge, and be a happy farmer! Welcome to pay attention to the hometown shoucun people
More and more people are aware of the development potential of agriculture, so they have decided to return to their hometowns to start a business, and there are many people who want to return to their hometowns and do not know what projects to do, here we provide two directions and detail the precautions.
First, blueberries
As a high-end fruit, blueberries are more and more accepted by people, and their sweet and sour taste makes many people like it. Because it is a high-end fruit, the price in the market is still quite high, and because of this, blueberries may bring huge benefits to entrepreneurs, not only the market demand is large, but also the unit price is high. So when choosing to grow blueberries, what problems should be paid attention to?
1. Disease prevention
1.1, blueberry gray mold
This disease mainly harms the twigs, flowers, leaves and fruits of blueberries. Diseased branches turn from brown to black and finally to yellowish brown or black. Infected flowers wilt and produce a gray mold layer on them. When the fruit is infected, the surface will change from bluish green to light blue, and it will appear as dehydration and shrinkage, and then fall off.
To prevent this disease, you can prune once a year to improve the ventilation and light conditions of the tree, creating an environment that is not conducive to the growth of germs, and do not apply too much nitrogen fertilizer to blueberries in the spring, because that will make the branches grow too vigorously, a large number of young shoots appear, and create a breeding environment for bacteria.
1.2, blueberry zombie disease
For blueberries, the harm of blueberry berry disease is the most common and severe, and it can invade the treetop flowers and fruits of blueberries. In order to prevent this disease, when building orchards and selecting fruit tree varieties, it is necessary to choose varieties that are resistant to zombie fruit disease.
Different agents can also be used according to different periods and stages of development, such as 50% urea sprayed in early spring, and 20% amine before flowering, the effect can reach more than 90%.
1.3, blueberry fruit rot
This is a common disease in the storage process of blueberry fruit, when the disease occurs, the fruit surface forms a gray or black mold layer, and the fruit gradually becomes soft and depressed, especially the fruit with wounds decays faster. The previous work has been completed, and the credit can no longer be stored, so it is necessary to do the following prevention and control.
Choose a cultivation technique that is conducive to the accumulation of sugar content in blueberry berries. Stop irrigation before picking, ensure a reasonable load of blueberry, and strengthen the integrated control of pests and diseases. Choose the right harvest period, try to choose to pick after the fruit is physiologically ripe, and pay attention to picking, try to avoid fruit injuries. Increase the disinfection and sterilization effect of the storage, such as with sec-butylamine or peracetic acid for disinfection.
2. Insect pests
2.1, scarab subclasses
Adult scarab beetles eat blueberry flower buds and young leaves, while larvae often harm the roots of blueberries. And different species of golden turtle damage characteristics to blueberries are also different, small blue and white golden turtle adults, every evening will be a large number of clustered on the fruit trees, invading the blueberry flowers and young leaves, until late at night, this golden turtle has phototropism. The larvae of the Glass Arc Turtle mainly harm the underground roots of blueberry crops.
The control of scarab beetles can be controlled by drugs, such as in mid-April, during the peak period of scarab scarab excavation. You can also take advantage of the pseudo-death nature of the scarab beetle to catch in the evening, when you can lay a plastic sheet under the tree tray, and then shake the branches to collect the golden turtle on the plastic sheet. In addition, the phototropism of scarab beetles can also be used for light booby traps.
2.2 Lepidoptera
Most of the so-called lepidoptera pests are moths, such as American white moths, poisonous moths, thorn moths, ruler moths, silver ingot moths and so on. Among them, the American white moth is a worldwide quarantine pest, mainly harming fruit trees and ornamental leaves. During the larval infestation period, spray 50% sulfonone 1000 times liquid. For the control of moths, 90% crystalline dichlorvos or 80% dichlorvos emulsion can be used. To control the stinging moth, it is possible to use 20% permethrin emulsion 2,000 times liquid. Control ruler moths can dig pupae around the base of the trunk before winter when the damage is severe. Silver ingot nocturnal moth, can be controlled with 10% imidacloprid, wettable powder, 2500 times liquid.
Second, evening primrose
In addition to food, more and more people pay more attention to health, and evening primrose is known as the most important nutritional medicine discovered in this century. It can treat a wide range of diseases and contains up to 25% of the seeds, making it the most promising species to develop.
However, everything has advantages and disadvantages, if you want to use evening primrose as a business project, you should pay attention to the following prevention and control.
1. Patina golden turtle
This pest harms the seedlings of evening primrose during the larval stage, and the adult insects harm the petals during the flowering period. For its control, it can be controlled by artificial hunting, or it can be booby-trapped with foods that the patina turtle likes, such as mixing fried wheat bran with 90% of the crystalline enemy insect 30 times liquid into poisonous bait.
2. Spot blight
This disease is mainly harmful to the leaves of evening primrose, after the disease of the plant leaves, there are oval spots, the color is light brown, about 3 mm in diameter, the edge is purple, the middle is brown, when the disease is severe, it will lead to the death of the leaves of evening primrose. In order to effectively prevent and control the disease, it is necessary to completely remove the diseased leaves in the field in the autumn, and then burn the dead leaves in a concentrated manner and bury them deeply, thereby reducing the bacteria that overwinter in the field. Before sowing, use 50% carbendazim or 50% daisen manganese zinc 500 times liquid, soak the seeds for 30 minutes, dry and then sow.
3. Rot disease and blight
After the evening primrose suffers from rot, the roots will gradually rot and the leaves will wither until the whole plant dies. Control can be done with 1% lime water, or 50% tolbutzin 1500 times liquid, or 75% bacillus 1000 times liquid watering. If you want to prevent blight, you can spray it with 700 times liquid, 50% carbendazim, 600 times liquid, etc. Once the plant with blight is found, it should be removed in time, and it is also necessary to take it outside the garden for burning, and the soil of the diseased plant is turned over, mixed with quicklime disinfection, and it needs to be sown again, and it must be separated by one month.
Although these entrepreneurial projects have good prospects, but do not only look at the chicken soup of the soul, any investment has risks, only these possible pests and diseases, grasp in advance, in the planting can be calmly dealt with, so we do not repeat the benefits of these two projects here, mainly introduce a variety of prevention and control measures.
What other good enrichment projects do you think there are? Feel free to leave a comment in the comments section below.