Anti-lost, elevator accessible by elevator to safety island
Newspaperman Liu Yadong A
Source: Earth Knowledge Bureau
Author: Dreamless
On September 30, 2021, in the Presidential Election of the Liberal Democratic Party of Japan, Kishida Received a Majority of votes and was elected as the 27th President of the Liberal Democratic Party. Then, on October 4, the Provisional Diet held a meeting of prime ministers to appoint a name, and after the titular appointment of Emperor Naruhito, Kishida Fumio was officially confirmed as the 100th Prime Minister of Japan.
Suga completed the task entrusted to him by the party
Successfully handed over to the "real Prime Minister of Japan"
(Photo: One Map Network)▼
Just in early September, former Liberal Democratic Party President and Japanese Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga said that he would not seek re-election after the expiration of his term, after which our bureau had made a targeted analysis. Under Japan's current political system, whoever wins the LDP presidential election at the end of the month will be able to sit on the throne of The Prime Minister of Japan.
Looking at the before and after of this election, in fact, the shadow of Japan's "factional politics" is reflected everywhere.
The number and leaders of the various factions in the Liberal Democratic Party of Japan
Unfair election rules
After Suga announced that he would not be re-elected, four candidates from Japan's Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) participated in the presidential election.
The first was former Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida, who won the election, and who was also the leader of the LDP's internal faction, the Koikekai (kishida faction).
Try your best to maintain modesty and stability, and actually feel ecstatic in your heart
Next up was Taro Kono, the former minister in charge of administrative reform, who was the best at using online media for propaganda and the most popular among the Japanese people, and his political views were on the right. In addition, he was supported by the "Shikai" (also translated as the guild, the faction of former Prime Minister Aso Taro, hereinafter referred to as the Aso faction), and has always been regarded as a strong contender for the position of prime minister.
Kono and Kishida, in addition to being from political families
They have also held positions such as Foreign Minister and Defense Minister
But Kono is also Japan's minister for the promotion of new crown vaccines, and the limelight has been quite popular in the past two years
The third place is Takaichi Sanae, who was pushed by former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. Before this election, Takashi Sanae was almost unknown, and its popularity was very low both within the party and in Japan, and despite the support of the largest faction in the party, the "Kiyowa Policy Research Association" (Abe faction, known as the Hosoda faction because its president was Hosoda Hiroyuki, this article is for the convenience of understanding the Abe faction), Takaichi Sanae still has no chance of winning the election. Before the election began, many people were puzzled as to why the Abe faction was proposing such a candidate.
The "far-right politician" in Japanese politics
During the election, he said that he would pay homage to the Yasukuni Shrine
Is it pushed out to set off the others???
The last one was Acting Liberal Democratic Party Secretary General Seiko Noda, who announced her participation before the application deadline. She herself does not have any faction support, and her relatively friendly attitude makes it impossible for her to be elected, so she belongs to the role of 100% escort.
Left: a duel, right: purely accompanying running
The internal election of the LDP's president is divided into two rounds, with MPs and LDP members (party members) having the right to vote. In the first round of voting, 1 member of the Diet had 1 vote, the LDP seats in the Senate and the House of Representatives totaled 382 seats, or 382 votes, and the 1.1 million LDP members in Japan were converted proportionally to an equivalent 382 votes, or a total of 764 votes.
If someone wins more than half of the votes in the first round, the winner is declared. If no one wins, the top two candidates advance to the second round. In the second round of elections, the 382 votes of the members of Congress remained unchanged, and the number of party members shrank directly to 47 votes. It is clear that in this round, the support of the party faction has become the direct winner.
But Abe's temporary withdrawal last year has caused the format of the election to change a bit
The election was held by a total of 141 votes by 394 votes from members of the National Assembly and 3 votes from each of the 47 prefectures
In the end, Suga won 377 votes, crushing victory...
Send the big guys and play the election
Before the election began, Kishida and Kono joined forces among the party's party leaders and party members. In order to win the support of party members as much as possible and thus win the first round directly, Kono Taro first united with Shigeru Ishiba, who was very popular in Japan, and won the support of the "Mizukikai" (chairman Shigeru Ishiba, hereinafter referred to as the Ishibashi faction) within the party, and then reached an agreement with Kinjiro Koizumi (son of former Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi) who was relatively shallow in political seniority but was popular with middle-aged women because of his handsome appearance, and the three of them jointly formed the "Koishikawa Alliance".
Shigeru Ishiba held positions in the cabinets of Junichiro Koizumi and Yasuo Fukuda
He is a full-fledged political veteran
Later events proved that Kono Taro did attract a large number of party members, with 169 party votes in the first round of voting, far higher than Kishida Fumio's 110 votes, and the latter was able to be elected, Abe himself played a huge role in his hands - in this election, Abe faction sent Takashi Sanae, a far-right candidate.
On the face of it, the introduction of such an unlikely candidate is Abe's indication that he does not support Kono and Kishida's neutrality. But in fact, in the face of the continuous development of far-right forces in Japan in recent years, the far-right Takaichi Sanae must have been more popular with this group than the right-wing Kono, and invisibly divided a lot of Kono's votes.
There are more than 1,000 right-wing groups in Japan, with more than 100,000 members
This is a good vote base for right-wing politicians
(Photo: shutterstock)▼
On September 10, Takao Fukuda, the son of former Japanese Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda, took the lead in "shimokamo", demanding that the election no longer follow the instructions of the upper echelons of the party and let members of the Diet vote according to their own wishes. The scheming Abe said that the legislators on his side could "freely choose one of the two" - either to invest in Takashi or to Kishida, which in fact made it clear that Abe wanted to push Kishida.
People who are not in front of the stage are not necessarily really retired
A few days before the election began, Takashi and Kishida simply reached an agreement that whoever entered the second round would support the other side's victory, which was equivalent to giving kishida his vote. In this case, the Party Zhishuai Association (President Offinan 2nd Order Toshihiro, hereinafter referred to as the Second Order Faction) also hastened to announce that it would no longer support Kono. Judging from the results of the subsequent vote, the Aso faction that initially announced its support for Kono did not follow through, and many parliamentarians switched to Kishida under the call of another big man in the faction, Gan Liming.
There are two real candidates left
It's also time to compete for strength behind you
In the first round of voting, Kishida received 256 votes (146 votes for members of parliament + 110 votes for party members), Kono 255 votes (86+169), Takaichi 188 votes (114+74) and Noda 63 votes (34+29). With the second round of parliamentary votes dominating (Kono 131+39, Kishida 249+8), Kishida was successfully elected.
Many parties competed, and finally won or lost, and the curtain came to an end
After Kishida won the election, he immediately "repaid the favor with a peach". As a result of his "merits and deeds", many important positions were controlled by the Abe and Aso factions - in the government, The Minister of Defense Nobuo Kishi (Abe's younger brother), the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry Koichi Hagida, the Chief Cabinet Secretary Hiroichi Matsuno, and the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, all belonged to the Abe faction; the Finance Minister Shunichi Suzuki belonged to the Aso faction.
Within the party, the chairman of the political investigation committee, Sanae Takaichi, the chairman of the Parliamentary Countermeasures Committee, Takagi Takeshi, and the chairman of the General Affairs Committee, Tatsuo Fukuda, belonged to the Abe faction; vice president Taro Aso and secretary general Gan Liming belonged to the Aso faction; and the second-order and Ishibachi factions, which had always been hostile to Abe, were not in the cabinet, and their positions in the party were also in full decline —it can be said that even if Abe himself arranged it, it would be no more than that.
On October 4, Kishida Fumio's "Abe Aso Cabinet" was formed
(图: Cabinet Secretariat Public Relations Office)▼
In Japan, there is a special word used to describe this kind of political tycoon's wanton play with elections and state affairs - "material pavilion politics". The kiosk, that is, the high-priced restaurant with a hidden location, whether it is an important matter within the party or the future policy direction of the country, is often decided in the cup of the pavilion, and the daytime meeting is often just a formality. Therefore, the politics of the pavilion is also jokingly called the "Night Congress" by the Japanese, which also explains why in some Japanese dramas, the protagonists who want to expose the darkness of politics are often invited to a high-end restaurant for a meal, and then righteously refuse to buy and co-opt.
How is factional politics formed?
So, how did Japan's factionalist politics come about today? The reasons for this are complex and multifaceted.
As early as the Sengoku period in Japan, a group of powerful daimyo began to form in various places, and they consulted each other, and the chaotic war lasted for more than a century. Although Tokugawa Ieyasu eventually established the Tokugawa shogunate and unified Japan, in the final analysis, daimyo-style rule was not eradicated, and the central government still needed the support of these local magnates to maintain its rule.
Tokugawa Ieyasu and Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Oda Nobunaga and known as the "Sengoku Sanjie"
In fact, it is the three names of the Warring States
During the Edo period, Japan was ruled by the Tokugawa family along with the daimyo
During the "Fall of the Curtain Movement" that led to the collapse of the Tokugawa shogunate, the southwestern clans (mainly Satsuma, Choshu, Tosa, and Hizen Shiho), who were the first to come into contact with Western ideas, played an important role, and as a result, officials from these places took control of the meiji, Taisho, and Showa regimes, forming a "clan politics". Later, due to the contradictions between the clan lords, the Choshu clan that controlled the army and the Satsuma clan that controlled the navy dismantled each other in World War II, and the internal friction was even serious to the extent that the army built aircraft carriers, the navy built tanks, and the army and navy cut off each other's fuel and supplies.
The Alliance of Sagisaki against the shogunate was ultimately a difficult faction
(Battle of Kagoshima Castle Hill Photo: wiki)▼
After the end of World War II, the "transformation of Japan" led by the United States basically cut off the superstructure of Japanese politics, but retained local power. Today, a considerable number of political families in Japan come from local noble families – in the case of the new Prime Minister Kishida Fumio, whose ancestors are the tyrants of Hiroshima, known as the "Hiroshima Landowners". Despite the atomic bombing of Hiroshima by the United States in World War II, his family's power did not wane, and he spent his entire childhood and adolescence with his father in the elite education of the United States.
Born into the nobility, studied in the United States, a political family, stood on the right team...
The basic conditions for several high-ranking Japanese political officials have been taken advantage of
Next, the bilateral relations between the United States and Japan are even more necessary to mix the oil in honey
After Japan introduced Western parliamentary democracy after World War II, local constituencies instead supported the same family to serve as members of the Diet for a long time. Voters believe that if they want to fight for their own interests, they must always have a voice in the government. Coupled with The fact that after World War II, three metropolitan areas were formed with the three cities of Tokyo, Osaka and Nagoya as the core, and the talent siphon effect made a large number of young people choose to go to big cities to work hard, while places outside the metropolitan area were more and more decayed. In this case, middle-aged people and the elderly naturally prefer to get the local preferential treatment policy of the government, and at this time, the local famous and prestigious people have become the best choice in the regional election.
Japan's third metropolitan area: Tokyo Metropolitan Area, Circle, and Chukyo Circle▼
In Japan, there are quite a few local support associations that can still be elected consecutively as long as candidates do speak out for local interests, even if they have not returned to their constituencies for decades to conduct electoral campaigns. And this kind of influence can be passed from father to son, or even from father to son-in-law, which is the direct reason why Japanese politics is currently full of "second generation officials" or even "third generations of officials".
Elementary school teachers were arrested and runcause of the sudden death of politician dad
Entering the prime minister's mansion by mistake, the so-called "second generation of officials" is inherited
(Photo: Change).▼
In November 1955, japan's Liberal Party and the Democratic Party merged to form today's Liberal Democratic Party, and the confluence of conservative parties directly created the so-called "1955 system" - because it represented the interests of monopoly capital and single-handedly dominated Japan's post-war economic revival, it achieved a long-term ruling for 38 years and basically monopolized Japanese politics. This will inevitably lead to a high degree of tying of its political interests to the Japanese economy, and because the Liberal Democratic Party itself is a merger of two parties, it is precisely because of this that there are many hills in the party and entangled factions.
The interruption of many years of governance is also due to internal factional struggles
In the end, hosokawa, who had left the Liberal Democratic Party, formed a cabinet
In addition, Japan's "democratic politics" is quite expensive. For example, if you can run for the election of a prefectural governor (prefectural governor of a first-level administrative district), you must first pay a deposit of 3 million yen, if the vote does not exceed 10%, the deposit will be confiscated, and the candidacy of the Diet needs to pay a deposit of 3 million to 6 million yen (6 million for senators, 3 million for the House of Representatives). In addition, whether it is to go to publicity, increase exposure on television, or pay other staff, it is a huge expense. Therefore, if normal people do not rely on the support of the factional forces, it is impossible for normal people to participate in politics, which explains why there is a steady stream of young people in the political arena, but the factional forces are always unshakable.
Raising money and creating momentum is all about burning money
(Photo: Figureworm Creative)▼
Although after the popularization of Internet media, some "star politicians" began to appear in Japan who promoted the concept of governance through social media, the number was very small after all, and taking this road had extremely high requirements for the appearance of the parties.
Before Abe came to power in 2012, Japan's prime minister changed frequently, and political turmoil made the generation that grew up at that time, and now Japan's young people, less and less concerned about politics. This can be seen in the declining turnout in Japan's diet elections, but middle-aged people in their 40s and 50s are more politically enthusiastic, and fresh meat in politics is undoubtedly the most popular among them.
It seems that many countries are middle-aged people who are more concerned about politics...
For now, Japan's factional forces will still be dancing on the political stage for a long time...
Prime Minister around, walk by and don't miss
bibliography:
1. "Analysis of the Phenomenon of Political Apathy among Japanese Youth from the Perspective of Voter Turnout", Chang Sichun
2. https://en.wiki.hancel.org/wiki/Factions_in_the_Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)
3. https://en.wiki.hancel.org/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)#Factions
4.http://zh.wiki.hancel.org/wiki/%E7%94%98%E5%88%A9%E6%98%8E
Cover: One Picture Network