Song Qi's "Jing Anthology" circulated and version examination

Song Qi's Jingwen Collection has four editions: 100, 200, 78, and 150, and in the Qing Dynasty, there are 62 volumes of jure rare books compiled from the Yongle Canon, which are quite complicated. Through investigation, this article believes that the 100-volume and 150-volume editions are the main editions circulated in the Song, Yuan, and Ming dynasties of the Jingwen Collection, the Jiading edition ordered by Chen Zhiqiang is actually 150 volumes, and the extant Jingwen collection is derived from the Juzhen Edition compiled by the Siku Guanchen and the Japanese Surviving Texts.

Song Qi (998-1061), courtesy name Zijing, was originally from Yongqiu In kaifeng (present-day Qi County, Henan), and later lived in Anlu, Anzhou (present-day Hubei). In the second year of Emperor Renzong's reign (1024), he and his brother Yu Tongju Jinshi (庠同舉進士), a military governor of Fuzhou Prefecture (解庠州), was a scholar of the Final Hanlin Dynasty, known as "Jingwen", known as the "Red Apricot Shangshu". He and Ouyang Xiu studied the Book of Tang, which was one hundred and fifty volumes, and his poems became their own among the princes of the Northern Song Dynasty. The History of song says that "the Qi brothers are all literary, and Qi You can write and be good at discussion" [1]. Siku Guanchen also said: "The poems he wrote are elegant and have the pre-Tang dynasty rules. [2] However, the compilation and circulation of Song Qi's poetry collections was rather tortuous. Because Song Qi was reluctant to compile his own complete works in his later years, and admonished his descendants: "Those who have no superiority in the language of my life, be cautious and do not make up a collection in vain." [3] Wang Ruilai's article "Examination of the Source flow of editions" introduces the version of the Song Qi anthology, but does not clearly explain the circulation of the Song Qi anthology, and other issues such as the time of the appearance of one hundred volumes, the appearance and publication time of one hundred and fifty volumes, and the collection of more than 800,000 words by Chen Zhiqiang, Song Qi, and Song Qi, of which the Song Qi anthology belongs to, are all missing, so it is necessary to do further examination and research. According to the author's investigation, the Song Qi anthology had a small collection circulated around his lifetime, and after his death, the collection was circulated at the same time as the whole collection. In the Qing Dynasty, there were four libraries or ju rare books compiled by the four library masters from the Yongle Canon, and later Japan found one hundred and fifty volumes of the Southern Song Dynasty Masha ben remnants, and the books seen today are basically derived from these two versions. The following are described in terms of circulation:

One

Song Qi's special collections of poems include the "Small Collection of Exodus", "Xizhou Obscene Manuscripts", "Sharp Cuts", and "Collections of Knives and Pens"; the complete collections have one hundred volumes, two hundred volumes, seventy-eight volumes, one hundred and fifty volumes, and so on, and these special collections and complete works have been scattered except for one hundred and fifty volumes. Before his death, Song Qi compiled some small collections, such as "The Small Collection of Chu Qi" and "Xizhou Obscene Draft". Song Yu's "YuanXian Collection" volume 15 "Because of the difficulty of perceiving the sound of the poetry manuscript of Zi jing Xizhou happened to be a short chapter": "The small collection was once because of the good narrative biography (original note: Zi Jing's "Out of the Small Collection" was very important by the Yuan Xian Yan Gong, narrated with a crown, and was written in the world), and Xizhou Yuzao Fuying edited. Zhonglang has long become a dry bone, and he has fought for the sixteen rafters of Nakoting. [4] From this, it can be seen that the "Out of the Small Collection" and the "Xizhou Obscene Draft" were already in the world at that time. Later texts also record these two collections: the Tongzhi Yiwenluo contains five volumes of the "Chu Qi Xiao Ji", and the Ming Cao Xue's "Shu Zhong GuangJi" volume 100 contains Song Qi's poems "Chu Qi Xiao Ji" and "Xizhou Obscene Manuscripts". In addition, the "History of Song Yiwen Zhi" contains one volume of Song Qi's special collection "Shu Shu", twenty volumes of "Sword and Pen Collection", and three volumes of "Xichuan Obscene Manuscript"[5], and there are two kinds of special collections of "Shu Shu" and "Dao And Pen Collection", which appear before or after death, because the literature is scattered and can no longer be examined. These four collections no longer exist, and it is difficult to know how.

The appearance and circulation of the complete collection of poems of Song Qi is a version of the complete collection that has been scattered some years after his death. One hundred volumes, most of which are recorded in extant literature. Volume 5 of the Longping Collection is "one hundred volumes of anthology", volume 65 of the "Dongdu Chronicle" is "one hundred volumes of anthology", "Zhizhai Shulu Solution" is written in "One Hundred Volumes of Song Jing Anthology", and the "History of Song" is called "One Hundred Volumes of Anthology". The "Longping Collection" was written at the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, the "Eastern Capital Chronicle" was written by Wang Zheng in the early Southern Song Dynasty, the "Explanation of the Records of the Zhizhai Book" was written by Chen Zhensun of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the "History of the Song" was compiled by the early Yuan Dynasty. From the perspective of time, the bibliography of one hundred volumes mostly appeared in the Southern Song Dynasty and later, so this one already existed in the early Southern Song Dynasty at the latest. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Jiao Zhu's "History of the State and Classics" still contains "one hundred volumes of the Song Qi Collection", but the one hundred volumes no longer exist. There are also two hundred volumes, which are only found in the Tang Geng Order. Its preface reads: "The anthology of two hundred volumes, the ninety-nine volumes of the collection, and the rest of the clouds opened in Zengzi's house." He should take it every day, and give it to ziyun. [6] In addition, Zheng Qiao's Tongzhi YiwenLuo (通志 YiwenLuo) states that "the Song Jingwen Collection consists of seventy-eight volumes, and the Chu Xiao Ji (出麾小集) in five volumes".[7] The two hundred volumes of What Tang Geng said and the seventy-eight volumes of Zheng Qiao's words are not recorded in other surviving documents, and have now been scattered.

Two

The Song Qi anthology is one hundred and fifty volumes, which is well documented and is extant in Japan. Fan Zhen's "Song Jingwen Gongqi Shinto Stele" says that "the collection of one hundred and fifty volumes is hidden in his home", and Fan Shi wrote this article when "twenty years later, the sons of the princes came to ask for the text to be expressed in the tomb"[8], that is, in 1081 AD. As early as the Northern Song Dynasty, there were already one hundred and fifty volumes. The "Song Shi Yiwen Zhi" is also known as "One Hundred and Fifty Volumes of Song Qi Collection", and is also listed as "one volume of cutting, twenty volumes of knife and pen collection, and three volumes of Xichuan obscene manuscripts", which is a collection of complete works and special collections, and the "Song History of Yiwen Zhi" is compiled according to the four song dynasty national history catalogs. Chao Gongwu's "Reading Records of Junzhai" is a compilation of "One Hundred and Fifty Volumes of Song Jing Anthology", and the same is true of the "Literature Tongkao Jingbi Examination", Chao Gongwu lived at the intersection of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty, and the "Literature Tongkao Jingshu Examination" was compiled by Ma Duanlin at the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty. According to the time of compilation of these bibliographic works or the time of the materials on which they are based, one hundred and fifty volumes appear no later than the end of the Northern Song Dynasty. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Chen Di's "Catalogue of Books in the Collection of Shishan Tang" still contains "One Hundred and Fifty Volumes of Song Jing Anthology", and one hundred and fifty volumes remain in the late Ming Dynasty.

Today, there are still 150 volumes of the Southern Song Dynasty Jian'an Masha Ben remnants, which are stored in the Imperial Household Agency Of Japan (formerly known as the Imperial Library). Volume III of Dong Kang's Shugang Yong Tan records: "Eighteen volumes of the Jingwen Song Gongwen Collection, southern Song Dynasty manuscript, butterfly binding. [9] Fu Zengxiang's Records of the Books and Eyes of the Tibetan Garden Group records: "Thirty-two volumes remain. Song Edition. [10] Yan Shaoxuan's "Records of Japanese-Tibetan-Chinese Books": "Southern Song Dynasty Jian'an Masha Edition, a total of six volumes. The Imperial Household Agency ShoryōBu Collection, the former Kanazawa Bunko, the Toyoko Saburō Domain Lord Maori Takabi and other old collections. ...... This edition is now in eighteen volumes. [11] This fragment was collected into the sixth volume of the "Ancun Series" and published in the world, and at the end of the collection there is the Tianpu Shanren (Lin Heng) Trek, which says: "Recently, Wen Qingguo also collected from the "Great Canon" and divided it into sixty-two volumes, and it is known that it is not a complete chapter. Yu even received the song shu zero copy, called one hundred and fifty volumes, regretting that it was only a few volumes, but the original form of the collection of guan ben. The old Song dynasty, which is very rare in existence, is now printed out to be placed in the series of letters. On the twenty-second day of the seventh month of the seventh year of culture, the Heavenly Waterfall Mountain was recognized. [12] The Collected Works of the Jingwen Song Dynasty (abbreviated as the Jingwen Song Gongwen Collection) of the "An Cun Series" (hereinafter referred to as the "Jingwen Song Gongwen Collection") is actually in existence, which is fourteen more volumes than those recorded by Dong and Yan Erjia, and the same number of volumes recorded by Fu Zengxiang. Its extant volumes are: volumes 16 to 20, volumes 26 to 32, volumes 81 to 85, volumes 96 to 99, volumes 100 to 100 single 2, volumes 100 single 7, volumes 118 to 125, a total of 32 volumes. Although some volumes have missing pages, there are still as many as 11 volumes after one hundred volumes, and the number of the last volume is one hundred and twenty-five volumes, so it may be one hundred and fifty volumes, and the Tianpushan people also call "Yu even obtained zero copies of Song Shu, called one hundred and fifty volumes". The "Ano Cun Series" was published during the Years of Japanese Culture, and later there were copies of the Huang's Wood Movable Type Edition in Shanghai in the eighth year of the Qing Dynasty (1882) and the Photocopy of the Shanghai Commercial Press in 1924 AD in the Republic of China.

At the beginning of the present Juzhen volume there is a preface by Chen Zhiqiang, in which Chen Shi says that Song Qi and Song Qi'er have a collection of more than 800,000 words, but there are no volumes, according to the author's calculations, this Collection of Song Qi Essays should be one hundred and fifty volumes. Chen Zhiqiang's preface has the words "The second episode of Ran Kao is rich and supportive, and his words are more than 800,000" [13]. This order of the Chen clan was made for the Jiading Song And Song Qiwen collection of engravings (referred to as the Jiading Ben), which no longer exists. So how many volumes will Jiading's Jingwen Collection be? In order to solve this question, the author intends to calculate the number of words in the collection.

First of all, it is necessary to remove the number of words occupied by the Song Qi collection from these more than 800,000 words, so as to obtain the word count of the Song Qi collection. There are mainly forty volumes and forty-four volumes of song collections: Wang Jue's "Monument to song yuanxian gongku zhonggui defan" is called "forty volumes of literary collection", the "history of Song" is rumored to be "forty volumes of other collections", and the "Song History Yiwenzhi" and Chen Zhensun's "Zhizhai Book Record Solution" are all called "forty-four volumes". The Song Yuanxian Collection of the General Catalogue of the Four Libraries states that "the Yongle Canon was revised in the early Ming Dynasty, only more than a hundred years before the end of the Song Dynasty, and the old engravings still exist, so they can be collected." ...... Today, by analogy, forty volumes are still available, and it is doubtful that all the income at that time was also obtained. [14] From this point of view, the Song Shu collection of essays, the Yongle Canon, is relatively complete. However, the Yuanxian Collection of the Four Libraries of Wen Yuange is only thirty-six volumes, and the Wuyingdian Ju Rare Edition is only thirty-six volumes. In this regard, volume 109 of the Ten Thousand Volumes essence louzang secretary explained: "The official version was extracted from the Yongle Canon, re-compiled into thirty-six volumes, and its green words and music language were deleted. [15] The Yuanxian Collection, compiled by siku guanchen, was originally relatively complete, but four volumes were missing due to the deletion of green words and music language. According to the yuanxian collection of Wen yuange's "Four Libraries", the total number of words is about 182,000, which is about 5,050 words per volume. According to this calculation, the word count of the other four or eight volumes that have been written is about 202,200 words if the Song Collection is forty volumes, and about 222,400 words if it is forty-four volumes. According to Chen Zhiqiang's order, if the Jiading book is based on Li Lingyin's family manuscript, the Song Collection is most likely to be the completed version of the forty or forty-four volumes, rather than a small collection such as the Ti Towel Collection. It can be concluded that the word count of the Jiading Ben Song Qi Anthology is about 597800 or 577600, of course, this is only a reduction, according to the relevant knowledge of statistics, this value will not be much different from the actual data.

Secondly, it is necessary to obtain an approximation of the average number of words per volume of jiading, and the total number of words in the Song Qi anthology can deduce the approximate number of volumes. The Jingwen Song Gongji, which is now included in the Japanese "Ancun Series", is an old Song carved version, and it may be more accurate to use it to count the number of words in each volume of the Song carved Song Qi anthology. The author counts a total of 25 volumes that are preserved in the surviving volumes, and the total number of words is about 115200, which is about 4600 words per volume on average. The difference between the average number of words obtained here and the average word count of 5050 according to the statistics of the Four Libraries of the YuanXian Collection is not too big, indicating that the ancients had a certain consistency in their understanding of the average word count of the volume. Although the difference between the two volumes may be very large from the perspective of the word count of a single volume, the difference is limited from the average value, especially the average value obtained when the number of volumes is large, which provides a certain basis for data extrapolation. If we rely on the average number of 4600-character volumes of the Anthonymity, we can calculate that the Jiading Ben Song Qi Anthology is about 130 volumes or about 126 volumes; if we rely on the average of 5050 character volumes of the Yuanxian Collection of the Siku Quanshu, we can get about 119 volumes or about 115 volumes of the Song Qi Anthology of jiading (because we count the spaces in the word count when we count, the average number of words per volume is greater than the actual number of words, and the actual number of volumes of the Song Qi Collection will be greater than this number). The purpose of this calculation is not to determine the specific number of volumes of the Jiading Ben Song Qi Anthology, but to let these data give us some hints. As can be seen from the above, no matter what kind of calculation result, the Jiading Ben Song Qi Anthology exceeds one hundred volumes. When the anthology was published and was more widely circulated, there should be a bibliography in later generations, but we do not find that there are versions between one hundred and one hundred and fifty volumes in later works, but only one hundred and fifty volumes exist. Since this calculation is only a rough value, the actual number of volumes may be more, so the author believes that the Jiading Ben Song Qi Anthology is one hundred and fifty volumes. If this is the case, then the one hundred and fifty volumes of the journal appeared at least during the Jiading period of the Southern Song Dynasty.

Three

Song Qi anthology, when the world did not have many engravings, and the later generations were even rarer, fell to the Qing Dynasty, and the country was almost extinct. It was not until the Qianlong Period of the Qing Dynasty that the Four Libraries were repaired, and the guanchen discovered it from the Yongle Canon and compiled it into sixty-two volumes of the Jingwen Collection, which enabled it to be re-circulated in the world. This book was included in the Siku Quanshu (Siku Quanshu for short), and after the Siku Quanshu was entered into the cabinet, it was published in wooden movable type, that is, the "Wuyingdian JuzhenBen" (referred to as the JuzhenBen). The Siku Ben and the Ju Zhen Ben are of the same origin, and the abstract attached to the beginning of the two volumes is the same, but it is inconsistent with the summary of the Song Jing Anthology of the "General Catalogue of the Four Libraries" written separately. The General Catalogue of the Four Libraries of the Whole Book: "Sixty-two volumes, and the books were collected from the side, compiled into two volumes of the Supplements, and the anecdotes were used as a reference, and the appendices were appended at the end." [16] The Concise Catalogue of the Four Libraries adds that "anecdotes and anecdotes are not appended to a volume". Then the original addendum volume two, appendix one volume. However, there are no appendices or appendices to the Jingwen Collection of the Four Libraries of the Four Libraries of The Quanshu of Guanwen Yuange, and the summary at the beginning of the volume only says: "As contained in the Yongle Canon, it is summarized into sixty volumes. [18] There is no mention of the addenda and appendices, which were deliberately deleted when the Siku Pavilion was copied.

After the publication of the Ju rare books and the Surviving Books, the collection of Song Qi's poems was valued. The first to start this work was Lu Xinyuan, who compared the Poems of Song Qi contained in the Surviving Texts and various documents with the Juju Rare Books, deleted the comeback parts, and listed them into a catalogue, which was recorded in volume 14 of the Yigutang Collection. On the basis of Lu's cataloguing, Sun Xinghua re-collected and supplemented Lu's missing articles on the surviving texts, and deleted all other works that Lu shiyi had entered, and finally edited them in a similar manner into twenty-two volumes of "Jingwen Collection". [19] Zhang Zhidong presided over the Guangya Book Bureau's edition of the Jingwen Collection (hereinafter referred to as the Guangya Collection), which combined the rare book with the Jingwen Collection, that is, the first part of the Jingyin Sixty-two Volumes of The Collection of Rare Books, and the latter part of the 22 volumes of the Jingwen Collection collected by Sun Xinghua. In the twelfth year of the Republic of China (1923), The Confucian Lu Clan Shen Shi Ji Zhai compiled the "Hubei Xianzheng Testament", that is, photocopied the Guangya Ben. During the Republic of China period, Wang Yunwu edited the "Preliminary Compilation of The Integration of The Series of Books", which was typeset according to the Ju rare book, and the typeset appendix of the Yu Cun Ben was appended later, but only the title of the article was stored in the repetition of the An Cun Ben and the Ju Zhen Ben, and the number of volumes of the Ju Rare Book was indicated, ignoring the text differences of the repeated poems.

The Quan Song Poems and Quan Song Wen compiled by scholars today contain Song Qi poems and texts respectively. The Song Qi poems section of the Quan Song Poems introduces: "Song Qi poems, based on the 1923 Hubei Xianzheng Testament Guangya edition of the WuyingDian Juzhen Edition Series of Books, the Jingwen Collection (including the Jingwen Collection) as the base, the "Jingwen Song Gongji" (abbreviated as the "Jingwen Song Gongji" (abbreviated as the "Jingwen Song Gongji" (abbreviated as the "Jingwen Song Gongji" and the photocopy of Wenyuange's "Four Libraries Complete Book" (referred to as the Four Libraries Book), and the Song Qi poems scattered in the books in the middle school were compiled into twenty-one volumes. In addition, a number of poems were collected from books such as the Yongle Canon, and compiled into the second volume. [20] The Song Qi wen section of the Quan Song Wen says: "Qi Ji Jiu You. The sixty-two volumes of the present "Song Jing Anthology" are compiled by the Siku Guanchen from the Yongle Canon, and the twenty-two volumes of the Song Jing Anthology are compiled by Sun Xinghua of the Qing Dynasty (this book has received many mistakes). This book is based on the Hubei Xianzheng testament (including the above two types), and the Song fragments "Jingwen Song Gongji" (hereinafter referred to as the "Jingwen Song Gongji" (hereinafter referred to as the "Jingwen Song Gongji") and the Wenyuange Siku Quanshu (referred to as the Library) collected by the sixth book of the Yicun Series. More than seventy texts were compiled, which were compiled into fifty volumes. [21] The better versions of today's Song Qi poems are the parts of the Quan Song Poems and the Quan Song Wen, but the Quan Song Poems and quan Song Wen do not make good use of the surviving texts for proofreading. For example, the "Quan Song Poems" volume 213 Song Qi 10 has the poem "Huang Zhu Kun Zhong Goes to Ju", which contains "The vicissitudes of the sea are more sprinkled with white, and the Nanshan Shujian is steamed green." Among them, the word "sprinkle" is preserved as "comparable". Another example is the "pre" in the "Quan Song Wen" volume 496 Song Qi 15 "Ren En Table" "Nagging The Secret Center", "And"; "is to avoid abusive officials", and there are three words under the word "official" in the "official" of the "Official". (Wang Fuyuan)

bibliography:

[1] Detachment et al.: History of the Song Dynasty, vol. 284, Zhonghua Bookstore, 1977 edition, p. 9599.

[2] [14] Ji Yun et al., "General Catalogue of the Complete Books of the Four Libraries of the King's Republic", Zhonghua Bookstore, 1997 edition, p. 2039.

[3] Song Qi: Notes of Song Jingwen Gong, vol.

[4] Song Yu: The YuanXian Collection, Jingyin Wenyuange Siku Quanshu, vol. 1087.

[5] Mr. Zhu Shangshu has verified the "Xichuan Obscene Draft" as the "Xizhou Obscene Draft", see "Narrative of the Song Ren BeiJi", Zhonghua Bookstore, 1999 edition, p. 117.

[6] Tang Geng: "The Collected Works of Mr. Tang of Meishan", vol. 28, the third edition of the "Four Series", and also the first volume of the Juzhen Edition of the Jingwen Collection.

[7] Zheng Qiao: "Tongzhi Yiwenluo", Zhonghua Bookstore, 1987 edition, p. 823.

[8] Du Dajue, ed., The Collected Works of the Famous Ministers, Vol. 1, Jingyin Wenyuange's Siku Quanshu, vol. 450.

[9] Dong Kang: "ShuGang Yong Tan", in Jia Guirong's compilation of "Bibliography of Japanese Tibetan and Chinese Books", volume II, Beijing Library Publishing House, 2003 edition, p. 153.

[10] Fu Zengxiang: Records of the Classics of the Tibetan Garden, Zhonghua Bookstore, 1983, p. 1127.

[11] Yan Shaoxuan, A Bibliography of Japanese-Tibetan-Chinese Books, Zhonghua Bookstore, 2007, p. 1497.

[12] At the end of the sixth volume of the Jingwen Song Gongji of the Ancun Series.

[13] At the beginning of the Collected Works of Jing, a rare collection of juhu.

[15] Geng Wenguang, "Ten Thousand Volumes of Essence Louzang Secretary", Beijing Library Publishing House, 1997 edition, p. 3694.

[16] Ji Yun et al., "General Catalogue of the Complete Books of the Four Libraries of the King's Dynasty", Zhonghua Bookstore, 1997 edition, p. 2040.

[17] Yong Yao et al., A Concise Catalogue of the Four Libraries, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1985, p. 614.

[18] Song Qi: "Jing Wen Ji", Jing Yin Wen Yuange Siku Quanshu, vol. 1088, vol. 1, vol.

[19] See Sun Xinghua's "Collection of Jingwen Collections".

[20] Fu Xuanchun et al., editors-in-chief: Quan Song Poems, vol. IV, Peking University Press, 1991, p. 2330.

[21] Zeng Zaozhuang and Liu Lin, eds., Quan Song Wen, vol. 023, Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, Anhui Education Publishing House, 2006, p. 86.