As soon as the autumn and winter cool down, the epidemic will always begin to show signs of rebound.
Since 17 October, a related cluster of outbreaks has occurred in many places, which has spread to all provinces across the country. Yesterday, on a single day, inner Mongolia added a new case of locally confirmed cases, and Ejin Naqi began on the 25th, and 11 36 people stayed at home to fight the epidemic.
Image source: People's Daily Weibo
The outbreak has once again become tense, with some regions calling for the introduction of a covid-19 vaccine.
Autumn and winter are the high incidence of respiratory diseases, not only the new crown epidemic has begun to rebound, but the influenza virus has also entered an active period. Experts remind that we must be careful of the "double killing" of the new crown + influenza and strengthen immunity as soon as possible.
After all, last year's situation, no one wants to experience it again...
Image source: Background message
What's more, the flu itself is not as simple as the "common cold":
More contagious: Influenza causes about 3 to 5 million severe cases worldwide each year, of which about 290,000 to 650,000 die from severe influenza.
Complications are more acute and dangerous: pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute diffuse intravascular coagulation, myocarditis, heart failure, encephalitis and other complications may occur, severe or even fatal.
Children are more susceptible to infection: As a susceptible population, the probability of influenza in children during the influenza season is about 20% to 30% each year, and in a high epidemic season, the infection rate can be as high as 50%. That is, at least 1 in 4 children develops the flu.
Therefore, the most effective measure to deal with the above "troubles" is timely and universal influenza vaccination.
Wang Huaqing, chief expert of the immunization program of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said: Influenza vaccine is the most effective means of preventing influenza, and vaccination can prevent the risk of new crown and influenza superposition.
Image source: CCTV News
So this fall and winter, the flu vaccine is really special! other! heavy! want!
Regarding the vaccine issues that friends are particularly concerned about, we have also helped you sort it out:
Is the flu vaccine given every year?
yes.
On the one hand, influenza viruses are susceptible to mutation, and the composition is adjusted according to the strains circulating each year.
On the other hand, the protective antibodies produced after vaccination generally last for 6 to 8 months and gradually weaken over time. So, vaccinating every year allows you to get sustained immunity.
When to get the flu vaccine
The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention's Technical Guidelines for Vaccination (2020-2021) (hereinafter referred to as the Guidelines) recommend that vaccination be completed by the end of October.
However, protective levels of antibodies can only be produced 2 to 4 weeks after influenza vaccination, and vaccination should be given whenever there is an opportunity, taking into account the availability of influenza vaccine.
Can the flu vaccine be given with the COVID-19 vaccine?
According to the current regulations, the COVID-19 vaccine should be vaccinated with other vaccines at least 14 days apart. Therefore, every flu shot should be > 14 days apart from the new crown vaccine.
What is the difference between trivalent and quadrivalent influenza vaccines
At present, there are three kinds of influenza vaccines approved for marketing in China: trivalent injection inactivated influenza vaccine, quadrivalent injection inactivated influenza vaccine, and trivalent nasal spray flu attenuated live vaccine. Among them, the quadrivalent influenza vaccine can prevent one more strain subtype of influenza virus than trivalent.
How to choose different vaccines
Quadrivalent and trivalent, domestic and import brand influenza inactivated vaccines have no essential difference in safety, and the vaccination contraindications of trivalent nasal spray live attenuated influenza vaccine are slightly different from other vaccines, but the safety and efficacy are also completely without problems, and at the same time can produce mucosal immunity.
All in all things considered, we recommend:
Infants and young children aged 6 to 35 months: trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (0.25 mL dosage form); there is no essential difference between brands, and any one can be vaccinated in time.
Children >3 years of age and adults: Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (0.5 mL dosage form) or quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (0.5 mL dosage form) are acceptable. The key is to get vaccinated in time before the high flu season arrives.
Children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years: there is also an option to receive live attenuated influenza trivalent nasal spray vaccine (0.2 mL dosage form).
The flu vaccine is given in several doses
The instructions for different influenza vaccines in China are slightly different, and they can be vaccinated according to the immunization procedures or in accordance with the procedures recommended in the Guidelines.
❶ Children aged 6 months to 8 years: 2 doses < of influenza vaccine given for the first time or previously, 2 doses should be given at ≥4 weeks interval.
Children who have had ≥ 2 doses of influenza vaccine: 1 dose.
❷ Children 9 years of age and older and adults: 1 dose.
Designed according to the "Technical Guidelines for Influenza Vaccination in China (2020-2021)"
The first stitch must be the same as the previous stitch
Interval 1 full year
No.
Influenza vaccines are recommended annually, but the "year" here refers to the "flu epidemic season (transnatural year)" that we mentioned above. During an influenza epidemic season, all can be vaccinated against the flu of the "current year".
For example, if you were vaccinated against the flu in November 2020, you will still be vaccinated in September 2021.
Who needs to get the flu vaccine
In general, no contraindications to vaccination recommend that all people ≥ 6 months of age should be vaccinated annually.
Vaccination is recommended in particular for the following populations:
❶ Medical personnel, including clinical personnel, public health personnel and sanitary quarantine personnel;
❷ Participants and support personnel of large-scale events;
❸ Vulnerable people and employees in crowd gathering places, such as elderly care institutions, long-term care institutions, welfare homes, etc.;
❹ People in key places, such as kindergartens, primary and secondary school teachers and students, prison detention center personnel, etc.;
❺ Other high-risk groups, such as: 60 years and older, children aged 6 months to 5 years, patients with chronic diseases, family members and caregivers of infants under 6 months of age.
Why this year is particularly necessary
Get the flu vaccine
The particularity of this year is that the serious epidemic situation of the global new crown epidemic continues unabated, and there is no doubt that the country's prevention and control of the new crown virus will continue.
During this special period, if there are fever, cough and flu-like symptoms, there will inevitably be corresponding isolation, study and work interruption, corresponding screening, and even family members may need corresponding screening and possible temporary interruptions in work.
So, this special period, get the flu vaccine, more protection, less disturbance.
How to be vaccinated in the first place
So how can you get the latest flu vaccine as soon as possible?
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This article is reviewed by experts
Liang Qingbin
Attending physician in pediatric internal medicine
Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital
Wang Xi
Deputy Chief Physician
Shanghai Minhang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Planning and production
Planner: Autumn and Autumn | Producer: Qingqing
Typography: Knife knife