The incidence of adnexal cysts during pregnancy is 0.2-2%, and the pathological types are more frequent. Some ovarian cysts can lead to infertility before pregnancy, and it is clinically found that many patients with pregnancy with ovarian cysts have cysts before conception.
Although ovarian cysts during pregnancy have a variety of pathological types, they are mostly benign. Pregnancy and ovarian cysts can interact with each other, and some cysts may increase rapidly during pregnancy due to increased estrogen secretion, as well as increased contents of the sac.
Most patients have no obvious symptoms during pregnancy, and some cysts resolve spontaneously before 16 weeks of pregnancy, requiring close observation and no special treatment.
However, if there are symptoms, such as abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, fever, nausea, etc., you need to see a doctor in time. The appearance of ovarian cysts at different stages of pregnancy can also cause different complications, such as cyst torsion of the cyst peduncle during the second trimester, severe cyst rupture secondary infection, ovarian necrosis, and larger cysts in late pregnancy can lead to fetal abnormalities, difficult labor, and cyst rupture.
Therefore, during pregnancy, it is necessary to check in time, find out in time, and deal with it in time to effectively prevent comorbidities. The 2019 UK Gynaecological Society Laparoscopic Evidence-Based Guidelines for Pregnancy mention that asymptomatic adnexal cysts alone during pregnancy can be treated conservatively. When surgery is required, minimally invasive surgery with an ovarian cyst for laparoscopic downward pregnancy with an ovarian cyst can be chosen without increasing risk events such as miscarriage, preterm birth or fetal growth restriction, or fetal malformations.
In summary, most of the cysts of the disease are benign tumors with no complications, which only need to be observed regularly, and if there are indications for surgery, minimally invasive surgery can be performed in the second trimester of pregnancy. For ovarian cysts during pregnancy, both patients and medical staff should be promptly examined, found, and evaluated in a timely manner.