Photo: Wang Weibin
□ Henan Daily reporter Li Hucheng Zhao Tongzeng Henan Daily correspondent Wei Guowu
Do you know that in a remote corner of Qiliying Town, Xinxiang County, there are actually "hidden" test bases of 6 institutes of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (hereinafter referred to as "Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences"), and more than 70 top agricultural experts in various fields lead 60 research groups to carry out scientific research work here for a long time!
Xinxiang Comprehensive Experimental Base is the oldest cooperation base of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The "unrequited love" between the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Xinxiang County can be traced back to the year when the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences was founded (1957).
Over the past 64 years, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences has continued to cultivate the fields of hope in Xinxiang County, making Xinxiang County the birthplace of China's endoleptic pesticides, the birthplace of China's resistant cotton, and the birthplace of the county and rural three-level agricultural science network! More than 1,000 new achievements have been made here from scratch, from embryonic to mature, and have won 1 National Science Conference Award, 1 First Prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award, 2 Second Prizes of the National Technological Invention Award, 6 Second Prizes and 1 Third Prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award, and more than 100 provincial and ministerial awards.
The land of Southern Yan silently tells the story of 64 years, the affection of 64 years, and the "revitalization dream" of agriculture in 64 years.
Generation after generation of "big names", 64 years of passing on the torch
In 1957, Qi Zhaosheng, then deputy director of the Institute of Plant Protection of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, led three other scientists to Xinxiang County, lived in the production team of Qiliying, and established a 200,000-mu cotton insect control and production demonstration area, which became the prototype of the Xinxiang Comprehensive Experimental Base of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
Qi Zhaosheng is a famous agricultural entomologist in China, and also one of the early researchers engaged in internal insecticides in China, he invented the method of soaking fava bean seeds in an aqueous solution of octamethylphosphate to control aphids, which has made great contributions to the chemical control of cotton insects, new pesticide detection and comprehensive control of cotton insects in China.
The fields of Xinxiang County have a special "attraction", allowing Qi Zhaosheng to work here for more than 20 years. He only returned to Beijing in the late 1970s.
Generation after generation of "big names", passed on the torch. In the following decades, academician Guo Yuyuan, academician Wu Kongming and other famous agricultural entomologists have successively taken over Qi Zhaosheng's "baton" and have been stationed in Xinxiang County for several generations.
They are committed to crop disease and pest prediction, the introduction of new crop varieties, new plant protection technology, new medicinal equipment research, and insect resistance, disease resistant cotton, wheat breeding research, with Xinxiang monitoring and reporting information and new results of output, to guide and serve the agricultural production in North China and even the whole country.
Other institutes of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have also "matched" Xinxiang County.
In 1962, the Institute of Farmland Irrigation of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences established a test site in Xinxiang County to engage in research and demonstration in the improvement of saline-alkali land and the comprehensive utilization of inferior water; in 1991, Liu Binghua, a researcher at the Institute of Crop Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, sowed 20 dwarf wheat seeds in the farmland of Qiliying, where he developed the breeding technology of dwarf wheat that later won the first prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award; the Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, the Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development Research Institute, the Agricultural Information Research Institute, etc. of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It has successively established a test base in Xinxiang County, focusing on the overall, strategic and key scientific and technological research on agricultural and rural development in the Huang-Huai-Hai region, major technology integration and pilot research on scientific research achievements, and the transformation of major scientific and technological achievements and industrial demonstration work.
With thick soil and true feelings, keep agricultural scientists
What is the charm of Xinxiang County that makes scientists of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences "want to leave when they come"?
"Xinxiang County has retained our scientists with thick soil and true feelings." Wang Qixian, head of the Base Management Department of the Transformation Bureau of the Achievement Transformation Bureau of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that Xinxiang County is a "treasure land of feng shui", located at about 35 degrees north latitude, located in the southern part of the Huang-Huai-Hai area, with unique location advantages, suitable for the growth of various crops; the scope of application of the results is also wider; Xinxiang County, from party members and cadres to ordinary people, all attach importance to agricultural science and technology from the heart, respect and love agricultural scientists, so that agricultural scientists have a "home" feeling.
The time and place are not as good as people.
In 2009, the Xinxiang Comprehensive Test Base began large-scale renovation and expansion, requiring the transfer of 4,500 mu of test fields. Xinxiang County fully supports this, actively undertakes the work of clearing the surface attachments, exempts the relevant construction supporting costs, and subsidizes the land circulation costs of the county finance... For many years, the funds used by Xinxiang County to support the Xinxiang Comprehensive Experimental Base of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have been conservatively estimated at about 100 million yuan.
In order to serve the development of the test base, in 2012, Xinxiang County specially established the Xinxiang Test Base Management Committee of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, with the county leader concurrently serving as the person in charge to enhance the coordination and allocation ability of resources; 12 staff members divided the work to the institute, to the topic, the responsibility to the person, from security, transportation, food and accommodation and other aspects to continuously optimize the life and production conditions of scientists.
Settle down to be happy. A comfortable scientific research environment has allowed scientists' scientific research achievements to "blowout" year after year.
Since 2010, the Xinxiang Comprehensive Test Base of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences has produced more than 200 new achievements, won more than 150 patents, and cultivated more than 150 new varieties of various types that have passed the examination (appraisal). The cumulative promotion area of various achievements in the country exceeds 300 million mu.
Dissemination of agricultural science and technology, training 100,000 people
In the cotton breeding industry, no one knows the mention of "Zhongzhi Cotton No. 2". This variety took the lead in solving the problem of prevention and treatment of cotton verticillium nizzle disease in the country, which is equivalent to curing the "cancer" of cotton and filling the domestic gap.
What is less known is that the breeder of "Zhongzhi Cotton No. 2" is Li Xiuli, a farmer in Qisi Village, Qiliying Town, Xinxiang County, who only has a junior high school education.
Li Xiuli, 70 years old this year, has cultivated a total of 20 new varieties of cotton and 4 new varieties of wheat, and the new varieties of cotton he has cultivated have accumulated hundreds of millions of mu of promotion area, and some varieties have a yield of more than 700 kg per mu, which is still the main cotton cultivar in China.
From a "pure" farmer covered in soil and mud on two feet to a prolific "star" breeder, how did Li Xiuli achieve a "counterattack"?
In the 1970s, scientists from the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, who were stationed in Xinxiang County, held agricultural technology training courses in addition to scientific research. In 1971, after a year of study, Li Xiuli became an honorable rural technician.
"In addition to providing technical guidance for agricultural production in the village, I also have to assist scientists from the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences to conduct scientific research investigations and agricultural experiments." Li Xiuli said that over the years, he has continued to study in practice, received the teachings of Mr. Qi Zhaosheng, Academician Guo Yuyuan, and Academician Wu Kongming, and gradually mastered the knowledge and methods of cotton breeding.
Today, Li Xiuli is a senior agronomist, employed as a researcher by the Institute of Plant Protection of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and founded a seed company that integrates breeding and breeding.
Li Xiuli is a microcosm of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences' dissemination of agricultural science and technology in Xinxiang County.
For more than 60 years, scientists of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have trained a large number of agricultural "soil experts", and the institute has jointly held thousands of scientific and technological training, achievement observation, and scientific and technological docking activities, accumulatively training more than 100,000 people of various types and training more than 1,000 scientific research and technical workers.
The "bench thickness" of grass-roots agricultural technicians has increased, which has improved the level of agricultural production and agricultural science and technology content in Xinxiang County. At present, Xinxiang County has become the core area of Xinxiang National Agricultural Science and Technology Park, a national modern agricultural demonstration area and a provincial agricultural science and technology park, and the Xinxiang Comprehensive Experimental Base of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences is a national and Henan vocational farmer training base, a national primary and secondary school research and education practice base, and is planning to build a national agricultural high-tech industry demonstration zone.
Near the water tower platform first get the moon, let the cherry delicious tree good planting
Near the water tower platform first get the moon. What benefits does the Xinxiang Comprehensive Test Base of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences bring to Xinxiang County?
The spring breeze blows and the cherry blossoms bloom. In the sweet cherry demonstration base of the cherry group of the Zhengzhou Institute of Fruit Trees of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences located in Kangzhuang Village, Qiliying Town, du Xuezhong, the person in charge of the base and a villager in Kangzhuang Village, raised his eyebrows: "This year, 120 mu of cherry trees entered the harvest period, and the fruit can be matured and listed in early May, and the yield per mu is expected to exceed 500 kg, and the output value per mu is more than 15,000 yuan!" ”
As early as a few years ago, Du Xuezhong had the idea of planting cherry trees to lead the villagers to get rich, but after many investigations, he found that most of the growers in the field planted fruit trees with serious diseases and insect pests, low cherry yields, and heavy losses for each household. Du Xuezhong was a little discouraged and ran to the test base of the Zhengzhou Institute of Fruit Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences to ask for help from experts.
Experts gave the answer with ease. Originally, most cherry trees rely on cuttings, grafting and other methods of asexual reproduction, the root system has high requirements for the soil and other environments; cherry trees are divided into male and female, mainly relying on pollination of different plants, do not plant "lover trees" together, just flowering and not bearing fruit... The selection of the right tree species, the unscientific collocation of tree species, and the lack of daily management are the main factors in the low yield of cherries.
Along with the answer, there is also a full range of technical support from the Zhengzhou Institute of Pomology of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. After the experts conducted laboratory analysis of the soil in Kangzhuang Village, they sent Du Xuezhong imported tree species such as "Samit, Almether" and "Saiwei", and also formulated a detailed production management plan for him and volunteered to teach planting techniques.
With the guidance of experts from the Zhengzhou Institute of Pomology of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, in 2015, Du Xuezhong planted 7,200 cherry saplings, and in 2019, he tasted the sweet "scientific and technological fruit".
Cherry trees are well planted, Du Xuezhong expanded the scale of planting, the new circulation of land 80 acres, planted the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute independently cultivated cherry varieties "Spring Dew", "Chunhui" and "Ruide", to create a good way for cherry growers.
It is understood that the results of the Xinxiang Comprehensive Experimental Base of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have been gradually radiated around Xinxiang County, forming a trial planting and demonstration area of more than 50 new varieties including field crops, fresh fruits and dried fruits, and the cumulative application demonstration area of new agricultural achievements has reached 3 million mu, and the industrial contour led by science and technology has gradually taken shape.
Carry forward the "spirit of agricultural science" and seek to revitalize and continue the frontier
"Scientists of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have been associated with Xinxiang County for 64 years, leaving us with an incomparably valuable spiritual and cultural wealth!" Shen Lemin, secretary of the Xinxiang County CPC Committee, said that scientists' admiration for science, loyalty to the cause, adherence to faith, and love for the masses have influenced and inspired generations of Xinxiang County people.
"Come to Qi experts, cotton fields have insects are no longer afraid", widely sung folk songs, there is a "spirit of agricultural science".
Shi Laihe, Liu Zhihua, Liu Xingxu and other advanced models have emerged one after another, and their exemplary deeds have a "spirit of agricultural science."
The pure public welfare "Qiliying Agricultural Production Service Department" was established in 1989, and after 32 years of history, they have provided uninterrupted services to farmers with "agricultural science spirit".
How to further protect, inherit and carry forward the "spirit of agricultural science"?
The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Xinxiang County are jointly building the Spirit Exhibition Hall of Scientists of the Xinxiang Base of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, telling the stories of Qi Zhaosheng and other scientists of the older generation through old photos, physical objects and medals, and silently infecting and educating people.
How to continue the "no love" between the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Xinxiang County?
On March 23, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Xinxiang County officially signed a strategic cooperation agreement on jointly building a rural revitalization demonstration county, and the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences used agricultural projects and agricultural science and technology to give back to Xinxiang County, helping Xinxiang County to lead and set an example in rural revitalization. On the way forward side by side, the "no affection" will become deeper and deeper.
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