1949-2021, a history of the development of New China, but also includes the history of revolutionary struggle and arduous entrepreneurship of the new Chinese shipping industry. Looking back at that special point in time in 1949, how many storms and rains, rugged and bumpy; how many vast and vigorous; how many heroic stories, songs and tears; how many spiritual inheritances, endless life; all these, all of which make people feel emotionally fluctuating and full of emotions.
On the afternoon of October 1, 1949, in the port of Dalian, chairman Mao Zedong's solemn and loud voice was played on the radio: "The Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China has been established!" At this time, all the crew of the "Hailiao" ship, which had successfully revolted against the Merchants Ship, raised a self-made five-star red flag under the leadership of captain Fang Qiuliu. This is the first five-star red flag raised for the first time by the "Hailiao" ship, the earliest five-star red flag raised among the ships of the China Merchants Uprising, and one of the earliest five-star red flags raised in The Chinese sea vessel.
On October 1, 1949, the Hailiao ferry raised a bright five-star red flag
On December 12, 1949, 13 merchant ships, including "Cai Yi", "Hongzhang" and "Lin Sen", gathered in Hong Kong. The 13 captains discussed in the secluded room in the name of a dinner party at the Serao Hotel in Hong Kong. On January 15 of the following year, 13 ships solemnly declared an uprising. At exactly 8:00 a.m., the Hong Kong Merchants Bureau and 13 steamships flew a bright five-star red flag with "1+13" at the same time. It declares to the motherland and the whole world that the Hong Kong Merchants Bureau and 13 sea vessels have since returned to the embrace of the motherland.
One of the 13 merchant ships revolted with the whole crew of the "Cai Yi" ship
May 28, 1949, was the birth day of the first state-owned shipping enterprise in Chinese mainland. China Merchants held a staff meeting, and the general military representative Yu Mei announced the takeover order. After the military takeover, China Merchants became the earliest state-owned shipping enterprise in New China. On June 5, that is, the 10th day of the liberation of Shanghai, Yu Mei, the military representative, held a takeover ceremony at No. 20 Guangdong Road on the Bund in Shanghai, taking over a total of 161,200 gross tons of ships and receiving 10,800 employees.
The former site of the General Administration of China Merchants in the Bund, Shanghai
At the end of February 1949, the "Oriental" ship of the Hong Kong Huaxia Company secretly made its maiden voyage to Dalian. In addition to loading materials to support the Liberated Areas, the ship also carried more than 40 cultural celebrities and returned overseas Chinese. In order to avoid the blockade of the Kuomintang's heavy troops, the "Dongfang" ship took advantage of the cover of night, turned off the lights of the whole ship, advanced at full speed, and finally passed through the Taiwan Strait at dawn and broke through the most dangerous blockade zone. A few days later, the ship arrived at the port of Dalian and successfully completed the task of escorting the democrats. The inaugural voyage of the "Orient" ship marked that the Chinese Communist Party had its own ship. Huaxia Company has also become one of the earliest sources of ocean transportation in New China.
This year, Zhang Yuhua, who was recognized as the "hero of shipping" in New China, was only 36 years old. On October 22, Zhang Yuhua, armed with a takeover order signed by Ye Jianying, director of the Guangzhou Municipal Military Control Commission, came to the office building of the Guangzhou Shamian Merchants Steamship Guangzhou Branch to announce the military takeover. In guangzhou, which has just been liberated, the market is in chaos, cold guns are constantly being fired, and dangers are everywhere. Faced with many difficulties, Zhang Yuhua fought "five hard battles" in succession: stabilizing the ship's and shore workforce, supporting the front line, resuming production, employing talents, and reorganizing the company. These measures enabled the new China's South China shipping industry to quickly resume operations.
Ye Jianying signed the order of the Chinese The Guangzhou Military Control Commission of the People's Liberation Army
This year, Bao Haoxian, who had the title of excellent captain of New China, had just turned 21 years old at this time. In June, he had just graduated from the Wusong Merchant Marine College in Shanghai, and as a liaison officer, he followed the representatives of the People's Liberation Army to take over the Kuomintang Merchants Bureau and form the earliest maritime fleet in New China. The liberation of the motherland and the independence of the nation made his blood boil. The economic backwardness and the difficulty of starting a business aroused his strong national self-esteem. In the 1980s, the all-container ship "Fenhe" he piloted sailed from Shanghai Port to the east coast of the United States, becoming one of the most reputable and influential container liners in the eastern United States at that time.
Excellent Captain Bao Haoxian
This year, at the Wusong Merchant Marine College in Shanghai, a group of trainees became the first batch of students to resume the school after the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and then became the first batch of navigation graduates of the school in New China. Hong Zhenquan is one of the members of these "two firsts". In the early days of the founding of New China, Hong Zhenquan served as the third deputy, second vice president and captain of the Shanghai Shipping Bureau. In the 1960s, during the 10 years that Democracy 5 was the rotating captain, it transported more than 100,000 passengers and remained safe and accident-free. He constantly broke the boundaries of the old navigation area, often bravely taking on the first voyage. He was nominated for the "Lifetime Achievement Award for Chinese Navigation".
In this year, The famous outstanding captain of New China, Pei Hanting, was still studying in the Navigation Department of Wusong Merchant Marine College in Shanghai. As a college student, Behantin always likes to comb a split head and maintain a clean and shiny image. He eagerly pursued navigation knowledge, studied hard, and was determined to change the backward appearance of the new Chinese shipping industry. After graduating from university in 1951, he was sent to the China-Czech Shipping Company as a first mate, and later promoted to captain, and became the first generation of ocean captains in New China. In 1979, the "Liulinhai" became the first five-star red flag ship in New China to dock with the United States, and Behantin served as the captain of the ship.
Excellent Captain Behantin
This year, Li Kelin, known as the "Father of China's Containers," was only 7 years old and had just attended primary school at a rural school in Zhenhai, Zhejiang Province. Witnessing the poverty and backwardness of old China and the tempering of a difficult life, young Li Kelin deeply planted the seeds of self-improvement and self-improvement in his heart. At the age of 17, Li Kelin devoted himself to the maritime industry, from operator to newspaper director and then to ocean captain; from vice president of China Ocean Shipping Corporation to the first president of China Shipping Group. With the unique vision of "creating conditions without conditions," he vigorously developed container transportation. In 2002, he saw the opportunity with a forward-looking vision, seized container orders, and responded in advance to the blowout of freight demand after the end of the us-West strike, making China Shipping the biggest winner in the international container liner market.
1949 is the starting point of New China and the starting point of the new China's shipping industry. But how difficult and dangerous it is to raise the new sails high; how magnificent and how agitated it is. After the founding of New China, the United States and Chiang Kai-shek imposed a military blockade on the Taiwan Strait, which lasted for 30 years. In addition, new Chinese ocean-going ships sailing on the high seas have also been banned and blockaded by 54 Western maritime countries such as the United States.
According to incomplete statistics, from August 1949 to October 1954, a total of 228 ships were shelled, shot, hijacked, detained, tracked and harassed by the United States and Chiang Kai-shek. A "working" vessel carrying oil from Romania to Chinese mainland is one of 228 ships. The ship was hijacked and detained by the Taiwan authorities, and the crew was imprisoned in Taiwan. Yao Miaozhou, second deputy of the "Work" round, shouted at the enemy's guns: "Long live the Communist Party of China, long live New China!" "He was only 29 years old at the time of his death.
Comprehensive statistics on ships intercepted and persecuted by the United States and Chiang Kai-shek
(August 1949 to October 1954)
Hijacking detention: 68
Artillery sinking: 8
Artillery wounds, machine gun fire: 47
Robbery: 32
Harassment Tracking: 73
Total: 228
"The sword blade comes out of the grinding, and the plum blossom fragrance comes from the bitter cold." The more blockaded, the stronger it became, and the more it was contained, the more it developed. Perhaps no one thought that Such a difficult start, dangerous operation of China's shipping industry, but 70 years later gave birth to the world's largest and strongest shipping enterprise - China COSCO Shipping Group, it has created a comprehensive capacity, oil transportation, bulk transportation, special transport and terminal throughput, crew management scale and other 6 "world first"; and our country has also become the world's super largest shipping power: the world's largest sea freight volume, shipbuilding volume world first, port throughput world first, container generation world first, Shipowners control the second largest capacity in the world.
In 1949, along with New China, it was China's shipping industry that stood up. We stood up to the sound of gunfire, in the embargo and blockade of 54 shipping countries, including the United States, and in the plight of poverty and whiteness. The fierce winds and vicious waves cannot be broken, and the hardships and dangers cannot be deterred. Standing up, standing up the heroic posture of the great country of the East and the giant ship of the East, standing strong, standing tough, standing with backbone, standing in shock, crying ghosts.