Tang Xiaomin
In fact, as far as the education of education in the Republic of China period is concerned, the language of schools only constitutes a part of the language, and it can be said that it is a part of the language, and it can be said that it is a less important part, and the other part is private school education.
During this period, private school education existed in large quantities. Zhang Qianru: "The Ancient Education Ecology of Jiangsu" said of the situation in Jiangsu: "Since the abolition of the imperial examination at the end of the Qing Dynasty, the restriction and transformation of the shushu, and the establishment of new-style schools, Jiangsu private schools still have tenacious vitality. (Zhang Qianru: "The Ecology of Ancient Education in Jiangsu", p. 222, Phoenix Publishing and Media Group, Phoenix Publishing House, 2005) "According to the changzhao persuasion institute in the first year of Xuantong (1909), "private school students in the two counties are dozens of times more permanent than schools." In the 15th year of the Republic of China (1926), there were 106 private schools in the county, with 1448 students. "From the end of the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, there were more than 280 private schools in Changzhou's urban and rural areas, including 198 in rural areas. In the 6th year of the Republic of China (1917), there were 4849 primary school students in the urban area, including 3422 private school students, accounting for 70% of the enrollment. In the 25th year of the Republic of China (1936), wujin county had more than 1,500 private schools, which was four times the number of primary schools. (Zhang Qianru, "Jiangsu Ancient Education Ecology", page 223, Phoenix Publishing and Media Group, Phoenix Publishing House, 2005)
He also said: "There are only more than 70 primary schools in the 4th year of the Republic of China in Dantu County, which is less than one-tenth of the private schools. ...... By September of the 9th year of the Republic of China (1920), the regulations for banning private schools had been promulgated for many years, but the total number of school-age children in the Dantucheng Xiang School District was 2128, and only 414 were enrolled in primary schools, accounting for 19% of the total" (Zhang Qianru: "Jiangsu Ancient Education Ecology", page 224, Phoenix Publishing and Media Group Phoenix Publishing House, 2005)
Another material said: "In 1927, Chen Heqin ... As the head of the school education department of the Nanjing Municipal Education Bureau... At that time, children's formal education in schools had not yet become a common practice, and private school education was still booming, and the number of children receiving private school education in Nanjing was 4 times that of children enrolled in primary schools. (Zhao Juan, "Serving the People and Doing Everything for Children: Chen Heqin, the Father of Preschool Education in China", in Zhang Xianwen, ed., Biography of Academic Figures in Nanjing, Republic of China, p. 319, Nanjing University Press, 2005)
Similar elsewhere. For example, Cheng Qianfan said about the situation in Wuhan, Hubei Province: "In the 1920s, even in a metropolis like Hankou, there were still not many new-style schools, and there were not many people who could pay to send their children to such schools, so there were still many private schools. (Cheng Qianfan: "There is a record of Studying with Hengzhai", see Wang Li, ed., Famous Artists on Language Learning, p. 8, East China Normal University Press, 2007)
Born in Henan and attending a private school at the age of 5, Minze recalled: "I was born in 1927... The elementary school I attended when I was educated in my early years is not in elementary school now, but a traditional private school. Although China had entered the 1930s, and our county seat was located on Longhai Road, which was not too remote, at that time, except for the primary school in the county, rural education was still generally private school. (Minze: "Private School Education and Me" see Wang Li, ed., How We Learn Chinese, p. 46, Writers Publishing House, 2002)
In addition, although there were new schools at that time, many schools still adopted the method of private school education in language education.
Yang Gongliang said that in that era, "there were some schools that still adopted the private school-style teaching method. This kind of half-new and half-old primary school is equivalent to a family school in disguise, and it can also be said that it is a transitional form of transformation from a private school to a new-style school. The school where he studied" adopted a class system but still used private school-style individual teaching. The method of teaching is still the recitation and narration. The scriptures should not only be memorized but also 're-taught'. Write one essay every week, write one large character and half a sheet of small characters every day, and click on the two pages of the "Outline of Easy Knowledge". This kind of daily work is no different from when I was in a private school. (Yang Gongliang, "Teaching Life in the Early Thirty Years", p. 12, Huangshan Book Club, 2008)
When the writer Du preached about his learning experience, he said: "I was born when I was six years old. Entering the county-run national primary school, which is a school that alternates the old and the new, on the one hand, read the traditional FaMeng textbook "Three Character Classic" in our country, and on the other hand, read the first volume of the "National Language Textbook of the Republic". It is more appropriate to say private schools than schools. (Du Xuan, "Cherishing the Yin- Talking About My Little Shallow Learning Experience", see Scholar on Governance, p. 335, Edited by the Editorial Department of Zhejiang Daily, Zhejiang People's Publishing House, September 1982)
Ren Jiyue said that his "education is more complicated, and in general, it is a combination of Chinese and Western -- reading Mongolian books and four books such as "Dragon Whip Shadow" and learning to write literary and literary texts, as well as science, music and sports." After primary school education, there is basically no problem in reading ancient Chinese. (Ren Jiyu: "For the 'official' is ultimately a learning", see Chen Jie: "The Judgment of mountains and rivers" The tip of the pen, p. 176, life reading Xinzhi Sanlian Bookstore, 2009) This means that the school already has science, music and physical education courses, which are not available in private schools, but as far as language schools are concerned, they mainly read "Mongolian books and four books such as "Dragon Whip Shadow", and learn to write chinese and chinese texts", which is the teaching content of traditional private schools.
Xu Kailei said: "I entered the third grade of Ningbo Hanxiang Primary School at the age of 9. At that time, it was the early 1930s, the old private school had long been gone, and although Hanxiang Primary School was a large-scale private primary school in Ningbo, it still maintained the tradition of private school textbooks such as "Disciple Rules". (Xu Kailei: "Unforgettable Teachers and Teachers", Edited by Deng Jiuping, "Cultural Celebrities Remember the Student Era" (Part 2), p. 260, Tongxin Publishing House, March 2004) The situation is similar to what Ren Jiyu said