Hello everyone, today to share with you about the Chinese 50s, the life of that generation of people, these shared "chicken and garlic" bits, can let the experiencers sigh, regain the memory of the past life.
At that time, everyone's life was very simple, eating, living and traveling, but also had a certain amount of attention.
Advocate eating "92 meters" and "81 noodles"
In March 1950, the Council of State decided to change the grain processing standards, advocating the consumption of "92 meters" and "81 noodles", and stipulated that all grain company stores were only allowed to sell coarse rice and coarse noodles.
The so-called "nine two meters" refers to 100 kilograms of brown rice milled out of 92 kilograms of white rice; the so-called "bayi side" refers to 100 kilograms of wheat milled out of 81 kilograms of flour. In this way, more grain paste layers and grain embryos can be retained, and the nutritional value is relatively good.
The original intention of this provision of the Council of State was to reduce waste and increase rations. At that time, if everyone ate "nine two meters" and "eight one noodles", the whole country could save 800 million pounds of grain a year. Eight hundred million pounds of grain can feed at least 2 million people.
On April 8, 1950, the People's Daily published an article entitled "On "Standard Rice":"
In the past, the grain processing standards that everyone was accustomed to only cared about the white beauty of rice, but did not know (or despised) that after this excessive milling of rice to white, rice was originally rich in nutrients, and it was also the nutrients that our bodies urgently needed. It is really the so-called "discard its essence, leave the dross", in the southern people who love to eat white rice, there is often a kind of "beriberi", which is because of the lack of vitamin B1 in white rice.
On April 14, 1950, Shanghai Youth Daily published Ni Zhangqi's article "Everyone Eats Nine-Two Rice". The article said: "Is the nutritional value of 92 rice lower than that of refined white rice?" Instead of being low, we say, it is much higher. The article concludes by calling for:
92 rice is the most ideal standard rice, we young people should actively assist the government to publicize to the society, explain its role in saving food consumption, improve physical health, and persuade everyone to eat 92 rice.
Issuance of food stamps ushers in the "era of tickets"
In the early 1950s, there was a shortage of food in our country. In October 1953, the Central Council issued an order: the whole country implemented a grain plan supply, adopted the method of rationing grain sales by vouchers, and food stamps appeared.
On November 1, 1953, Beijing issued the flour purchase certificate for the first time, which reads "Lost and not replaced, expired and invalid".
In October 1955, after the implementation of the ration of grain to people, the Ministry of Food issued a "national general grain stamp".
The academic community recognizes the beginning of the bill in 1955, marked by the issuance of the first set of national food stamps. After that, edible oil tickets and cloth tickets were launched one after another. More than 2,000 cities and counties across the country have issued and used various commodity tickets to plan the supply. In addition, some larger factories, mines, schools, etc. have also issued various tickets.
Since then, the wide range of tickets, the breadth of the region, the completeness of the variety, the length of time, and the number of tickets are extremely rare in the world. In addition to buying the "Red Treasure Book" ("Quotations of Chairman Mao") without a ticket, I need a ticket for everything else.
The State Council's "Provisional Measures on the Quantitative Supply of Grain in Cities and Towns" stipulates that residents' rations have determined 9 levels of supply standards based on labor differences, age sizes, and grain consumption habits in different regions.
In addition to the planned supply of edible oil (including sesame sauce) as early as 1954 and managed by the grain department, since the Spring Festival of 1958, eight kinds of non-staple foods such as pork, beef and mutton, fresh eggs, brown sugar, vermicelli, and pastries have been rationed by ticket. Hanmin provides 6 taels of pork and 5 taels of beef and mutton per person per month; Muslims are provided with 4 pounds of beef and mutton per person per month; 4 pairs of brown and white sugar and 2 fresh eggs. In addition, the "May Day" festival supplies fresh fish, and the "Dragon Boat Festival" festival supplies rice dumplings, using the method of more supply to households and less supply, and the supply date is sold out within 3 days to 7 days.
According to the "Shanghai Local History", in October 1955, Shanghai printed and issued "five certificates and one vote". The five certificates are: Shanghai Residents' Grain Purchase Certificate, Industrial and Commercial Industry Grain Purchase Certificate, Food Group Grain Purchase Certificate, Special Grain Supply Certificate, and Municipal Residents' Grain Supply Transfer Certificate. The grain used by each household shall be approved by the grain department, and a grain purchase certificate shall be issued, and the grain purchased shall be measured and purchased from the designated grain store voucher. One vote is: 1955 Shanghai Food Stamps.
These food stamps and food certificates are the vouchers for the implementation of the grain plan supply and are priceless securities. Where residents set up a catering unit in the city or at the homes of relatives and friends, as well as purchase grain reproductions, etc., with the grain purchase certificate, the grain stores that supply the designated points will be exchanged for Shanghai food stamps according to the amount needed within the quantitative plan.
The emergence of food stamps in the 1950s marked the beginning of the commodity ticket system that was implemented for 40 years, and small food stamps accompanied all Chinese.
Flour Purchase Certificate
Notice of the issuance of food stamps
There is no money to eat in the public canteen
In 1958, "let go of the belly to eat, and work hard to produce" became a famous slogan that spread throughout the country for a time.
After "letting go of the belly to eat", many public canteens just stare at the goal of "eating enough" and "eating well", pour out all their resources, pour out their abilities, not only eat unlimited, that is, eat vegetables, but also emphasize "a week is not the same", "half a month is not the same", eat and drink, poor eat and drink.
The canteen of the first production team of the first brigade of the Changzhuang Management District of the Satellite People's Commune in Suiping County, Henan Province, claims that it can do a week without repeating the same meals, three meals a day, four dishes per meal. There are meals on Mondays, and dinners at festivals. They also made a special announcement of a one-week meal menu that does not repeat the sample, which includes:
During this time, many public canteens also opened "flowing water mats", and members ate as they went. Some places also opened the door of convenience for passers-by, imitating the method of Zhang Lu at the end of the Han Dynasty, setting up a pavilion in five miles and a restaurant in ten miles, and pedestrians eating when they come, eating and leaving, people do not eat, and also persuade people to say that they do not want money to eat anyway.
Rural public canteens
What happened in the 50s is an unforgettable memory in the eyes of the experiencer, and these small things that touch people's inner memories can make the latecomers understand that the original life situation is like this. Today's sharing ends here, like friends can click to follow.