The autumn wind is beginning to rise, the weather is cold, the leaves are gradually yellowing, and the green grass is dry. At this time, when I go to the countryside, I sometimes see a bunch of red lantern fruits the size of ping-pong balls in the grass, hanging on long branches, which is very eye-catching. The branches are picked and inserted in the bottle, which is quite the beauty of withering. The official name of this lantern fruit is hanging golden lantern, and the folk also call it red girl. The Ming Dynasty Xu Wei has a poem: "Nanzhou is quite jade hairpin powder, and the north is competing for the red girl." "The red girl mentioned in the poem is this plant.
This plant is everywhere in Eurasia, when the temperature and conditions are suitable, the ripe fruit hangs on the branches, the sun and rain, the water of the outer calyx is completely dried, the thin leathery part is cracked into fragments and peeled off, and the hidden reticulated veins on the calyx appear, becoming a hollowed-out sac formed by the mesh line, through the network, you can see the bright red fruit inside. At this time, its beauty was revealed, and the ancients were attracted by its exquisite ingenuity and gave it more literary and beautiful names than the red girl: Roselle Bead, Queen Mother Bead.
Its proper name is sour pulp, also called cold pulp, the ancient book "Erya" uses this name, it is a berry, the taste is sour and sweet, because of this name. The name of the sour pulp is because the fruit is sour, and the name of the lantern and the skin is because the fruit has muscles and bones, and is shaped. Take the name of the Queen Mother and the Roselle Bead, is the bead red or the image. Later generations of folk called red girl, it is a slip of the tongue. Yang Shen of the Ming Dynasty once said in the "Sayings of The Word": "The Gai girl is the blackmail of the melon sac, the ancient guagu is homophonous, and the sound of the niang sac is also similar to the ear." "To put it bluntly, it is to pass on the sound and pass away, and the sour pulp of the common name melon sac is said to be a girl." When the sour berries are dried, only a mesh bag is covered with a red bead, which is indeed quite similar to the loofah.
A hundred years earlier than Yang Shen, in the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, Xu Da led his troops to capture the Capital of Yuan and changed its name to Beiping. Xiao Xun of the Ministry of Works was ordered by Ming Taizu to destroy the Yuan Dynasty palace, and before demolishing the house, he recorded the "Records of the Yuan Palace Palace", and recorded what halls and pavilions there were in the Yuan Palace: "There is a golden hall in the back garden, the windows of the hall are wrapped in gold, and more than a hundred peonies are planted outside the four, which can be five feet high." In the west, there is the Green Hall and the Flower Pavilion. There are wild fruits in front of the Golden Temple, and the name is red girl. The sac is droopy, hollow like a peach, and the seed is like a danzhu, and the taste is sweet and sour and edible. It is full of flowers, fragrant with the green grass, and also cute. "After the death of the Yuan, the temple was empty, no one cleaned and weeded, the steps in front of the Golden Hall were already covered with wild fruits and weeds, and the deputy director of the Ministry of Construction was a middle-aged man of literature and art, recording the number of temples, and he gave delicate care to the wild fruits and herbs, and felt that the red fruit green grass in front of the brick floor was very cute.
In the thirteenth year of Hongwu, Zhu Dizhi, the King of Yan, went to Beiping to live in the Yuan Forbidden City and changed his name to Yan Residence. When he became emperor and changed Beiping to Beijing, Yongle ordered the capital to be moved in four years and the imperial palace was built on the east side of the Yan residence. In the eighteenth year of Yongle, the Beijing Imperial Palace and Beijing City were completed, and Zhu Di ordered the official relocation of the capital, moving from Nanjing to Beijing.
After Zhu Di ascended the throne, he first lived in the Nanjing Imperial Palace, and the Yan Residence in Beijing, as the residence of the dragon, was naturally enclosed and would not be trampled on. Yuanshi sour pulp continued to sprout after the departure of the Yan King, flowering and bearing fruit, self-sowing and self-derivation, not disappearing due to the change of dynasty, this solanaceae plant is very robust. After entering the Qing Dynasty, even if the Yandi is decadent, the wild grass will still grow and flourish.
In the Kangxi Dynasty, one autumn, a famous lyricist Naran Zhide came here to play, saw the wild grasses everywhere and the red fruits in the wild grasses, lining the palaces and jade steps of the Yuan and Ming dynasties, and could not help but feel the humor of thinking about the ancients.
"Eye Beauty, Wing Red Girl"
(Naranjande)
The westerly wind made the evening cold, and the green sleeves leaned dry. Kasumi wrapped up, cherry lips slightly blooming, jingxiao red Yin.
The Forbidden City asked who was harmless, and it was Zhu Yan. Jade is competing for mining, jade is competing for insertion, and it is the right year.
There is a note before the word, saying that there is a grass name red girl in front of the Yuan Palm Hall, see Gao Shiqi's "Qing Yin Tang Collection" Wing Red Girl inscription. Gao Shiqi's "Notes on the Retreat of Jin'ao" contains this relevant fragment: "Rabbit Garden Mountain is in the west of Yingtai, and the temple is clear. Doliqi stone by the pool, known as little Penglai, are also here, and now abandoned. There is a green hall in the west of the original garden, and there is a flower pavilion and a ball pavilion..." The following is the description of the red girl, completely copied from Xiao Xun's original text, and it has not been changed.
Naranjande had a friend named Yan Shengsun, who was probably traveling with him at the time, and also wrote a poem, Huaigu Yongren, and Entrusting Things to Send Thoughts.
"Red Girl"
(Qing Yan Sheng sun)
Shan Pillow cold night frost. Self-inflicted makeup. Dai Xian oh hand, red child stealing eyes, reclining screen window.
Sad together is a cherry couple, scattered Zheng Jiaxiang. Growing together, the Forbidden City faded grass, the same pair of oblique yang.
The daixian in the word is Wu Daixian, the maid of the Sui Emperor; Cherry refers to Zheng Cherry, the empress of The Later Zhao Wu Emperor Shi Hu. According to these two words and Gao Shiqi's notes, it should be these friends who went to visit the Yuan Forbidden City, saw a red girl in front of the Golden Temple, and each wrote a poem to express the humor of nostalgia. The red girl of the Yuan Forbidden City is compared to the palace girl, like the generation of Wu Daixian and the companion of Zheng Cherry, although the master has passed away, the palace girl's soul has decayed into grass, and the life and death coexist with the abandoned palace.
·Flowers and grass· Text/Blue violet-blue-gray