Lu You is very familiar to everyone, he is a great patriotic poet and writer of the Southern Song Dynasty, and his "Shi'er" poem on his deathbed has made many patriots cry for thousands of years.
Lu You was born in October of the seventh year of Song Xuanhe (1125), a native of Shanyin, Yuezhou (present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang), born on a boat on the Huai River where his parents were ordered to enter Beijing by water, and took the name Lu You, Zi Wu Guan, and Fang Weng.
Throughout his life, Lu You vigorously resisted Jin and marched into the Central Plains to recover his homeland. In the fifty years from the age of 37 to his death, he went to the emperor and the imperial court six times to offer the great plan of Pingrong, but he was snubbed, and on many occasions he was demoted from the court and deposed from the court because he advocated the Northern Expedition and was framed by the capitulationists.
In the autumn of the second year of Jiading (1209), due to the complete failure of the Northern Expedition and the disillusionment of the ideal of restoration, he fell ill and died at the age of eighty-five.
Lu You's poetry attainments are extremely profound, and more than 9,300 poems in his lifetime have been passed on to future generations, and their level is so high and the fruits are abundant that few people in the Chinese poetry circle have reached.
Before dying, his children knelt before the bed, and he dictated the poem "Shi'er" that has become a song for eternity:
Death former wisdom all things empty,
But sadly, I don't see Kyushu the same.
Wang Shi Bei Ding Zhongyuan Day,
The family sacrifice has not forgotten to tell Naiwon.
From the age of 37 to his death at the age of 85, Lu You offered the emperor six times the Plan of Pingrong, and repeatedly invited him to depose the official.
First time:
In the thirty-second year of Shaoxing (1162), Lu You was 37 years old and should be enlisted in the imperial court as a privy council editor. He offered advice to Emperor Xiaozong of Song and Suggested Strengthening the Arsenal, Seeking Opportunities to Recover Lost Territory and Advance into the Central Plains.
Sadly, Zhao Yun was in the palace and had fun with the palace ladies, and he didn't even read the music. Lu You informed the Privy Counsellor Zhang Tao of the main points of the song. Zhang Tao admired Lu You's strategy very much, so he entered the palace to ask questions, and if he was angry with Emperor Xiaozong, he threw Lu You out of the imperial court and demoted him to the general judge of Zhenjiang Province.
second:
In the first year of Longxing (1163), Zhang Jun's Northern Expedition was defeated at the Battle of FuLi, and the Peace Seeker faction gained great power. Zhang Jun was convicted and relegated to jianghuai xuanfu history.
Lu You met Zhang Jun in Zhenjiang, and the two summed up the lessons of failure and reconstructed the strategy of the Northern Expedition, which was praised by Zhang Jun as "determined to recover".
However, in the end, because of the surrender faction, Emperor Xiaozong and Jin reached a "Longxing Peace Agreement".
Just as the agreement was about to be signed, Lu You boldly went to the imperial court. It was suggested that the capital be moved from Lin'an (present-day Hangzhou, Zhejiang) to Jiankang (present-day Nanjing), where the capital would be established, confronting Jin, replenishing its strength, and then trying to restore the country in the Northern Expedition.
At the same time, it is recommended to deal with the lords who use their powers to form parties for personal gain and wantonly amass wealth and send powerful ministers Long Dayuan and Zeng Qian. Provoking the anger of Emperor Xiaozong, he also dismissed Lu You from his post as Zhenjiang Prefecture and demoted him to the title of Jiankang Prefecture Tongjue.
In the first year of Qiandao (1165), the surrender faction rose up in groups to attack, and lu you "befriended the counselors, drummed and sang right and wrong, and forcefully said that Zhang Jun used troops." The imperial court completely removed Lu You from his official position on this ground.
At this time, Lu You was forty years old and returned to his hometown of Shanyin for four years.
Third time:
In the fifth year of Qiandao (1169), after four years of idleness, Lu You was appointed as the governor of the four prefectures. Two years later, Wang Yan served as an envoy to Sichuan and Shaanxi, garrisoned Southern Zheng, and summoned Lu You to serve in the shogunate. The 46-year-old Lu You was ecstatic, leaving his family behind and going to work alone.
As soon as he entered the military curtain, Lu You, according to Wang Yan's intentions, carefully formulated a strategic plan to expel the Jin people and recover the Central Plains, and submitted it to Wang Yan with the "Pingrong Strategy" and reported it to the imperial court.
After the "Pingrong Strategy" was reported, Lu You also went alone to the front-line strongholds and strategic fortresses such as Dingjun Mountain, Xianrenyuan, and Dashanguan to gain insight into and grasp the situation of the enemy and our troops, in preparation for the needs of operational command.
In October, the surrender faction of the imperial court came to power, completely rejected the "Pingrong Strategy", transferred Wang Yan back to the dynasty, the shogunate was dissolved, and the strategy of the Northern Expedition was destroyed.
Fourth time:
In February of the first year of Chunxi (1174), Lu You was transferred back to Shu Prefecture as a general judge. In March, Zheng Wen was transferred to Sichuan Xuanfu envoy, commanding the sichuan military and government. Lu You also boldly went up again, offering his division to the Northern Expedition to recover the Central Plains, and put forward a strategic plan to take Guanzhong first, then take Hebei, advance step by step, and fully restore the old land, which was shelved by the imperial court.
In August, Lu You paraded in Shuzhou and composed the poem "Shuzhou Great Parade":
Xiao Shu Rongyi was stunned,
Five years of running all over the poor side.
Pingsheng Pavilion Barrier Recess Day,
The tragic storm is reading the martial sky.
Shu Long Old Tour True One Dream,
Crossing the Liao Strange Thing paid him for the year.
Liu Kun hugged the chicken hate at night,
Ander Heroes whip together!
He bitterly criticized the imperial court for extending its partial security, abolishing its military armaments, and not trying to restore it.
The following year, Fan Cheng was greatly transferred to Chengdu, commanded Shuchuan, and summoned Lu You as a senator.
The two people are united in their ambitions, become friends with each other, and jointly seek the great cause of the Northern Expedition to restore the country.
Unexpectedly, the surrender faction of the imperial court once again surrounded Lu You, and many people played his "informal law" and "Yan Drink Decadence", and Lu You's official position was once again deposed.
In order to make a living, he and his family opened a plot of land by the Huanhua Creek next to Du Fu Caotang and opened it into a vegetable garden to live by farming and poetry.
A year later, in order to fight back against the surrender faction's attack, Lu You simply named himself "Fang Weng".
Fifth time:
In July of the fifteenth year of Chunxi (1188). Lu You was appointed by Emperor Xiaozong as a major inspector of military weapons, in charge of weapons manufacturing, repair and distribution, and re-entered the dprk as an official.
In February of the following year, Emperor Xiaozong of Song ascended the throne, and Emperor Guangzong of Song succeeded to the throne. Lu You also took the opportunity to go to the Shuguang Sect:
A complete set of major national policies, such as "reducing taxes, punishing corruption and suppressing arrogance," "strengthening armaments and searching for qualified personnel," and "striving for great plans and restoring the Central Plains."
The offer remains unapplied. A year later, due to Lu You's "revival of the theory of joy", the surrender faction rose up again and attacked him, and the imperial court again dismissed Lu You from his post in the name of "mocking the wind and moon". This time it's thirteen years!
Sixth time:
In the second year of the Kai jubilee (1206), Emperor Ningzong of Song finally approved Han Nong to lead the Northern Expedition. Lu You, who was over eighty years old, learned the news in the countryside of Shan'in and was overjoyed, and went to the imperial court overnight to offer military strategy and a grand plan to restore the country.
The Song army went smoothly and won one victory after another. However, more than a year after the conquest, due to the sudden mutiny of the surrender generals who were undercover in the army, they killed the commander-in-chief Han Nong, sent his head to the Jin Kingdom, and made a "Jiading Peace Agreement".
Lu You, who was eagerly awaited in the countryside, got this bad news, was bedridden due to excessive grief, and died with anger.
The faint monarchs and the Yi slaves who knelt on their knees and lived hard not only caused a huge tragedy to Lu You's life, but also left an indelible shame and humiliation for the Southern Song Dynasty!
The fainting king is not patriotic, only loves his beautiful voice and the pleasure of spending days and drinking, drunken dreams and death!
The high-ranking officials who kneel on their knees are even more unpatriotic, and what they do is to eat inside and outside the business, and to betray the country and betray their ancestors to make their own high-ranking officials Houlu, glory and wealth!
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