Learn about the virtues and teacher-student feelings of the Qing Dynasty great Confucians Zhu Ciqi and Xie Lansheng from a calligraphy work / Zhang Daoxing (Qiu Shi)
The author's family collection of Qing Dynasty Great Confucian Zhu Ciqi Xingshu Tang, specifications: 140cm×60cm, big red sprinkled gold paper. Interpretation: "Spring and Jingming, WanWan Tian Chang, casually look for the rich berry moss, sit and play in the day." If you have sent it, you will chant Tao Xie poems, several volumes of Zhou Yi, leave the troubles, take it with you, order the family child to solve the problem, whisk the stone wall, make the tiger roar, and take advantage of the Xing book. Looking at the Xiyun Mountain, covering the trees, the yellow birds around them change their voices, causing the sheng to spring in the depths of the green clouds." "Mr. Lifu is righteous, and his disciple Zhu Ciqi is a disciple." (See picture below)
The "Mr. Lifu" in the calligraphy is Zhu Ciqi's mentor Xie Lansheng. Zhu Ciqi presented his teacher Xie Lansheng with this book sprinkled in the Golden Hall, revealing to the world from one side that a good story of teacher-student friendship between the two Qing Dynasty celebrities was sealed for more than 190 years.
Statue of Mr. Zhu Ciqi
Zhu Ciqi (1807-1882), also known as ZiXiang (襄), also spelled Zhi Gui, was a native of Jiujiang, South China Sea, Guangdong. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, he was a famous economic historian, thinker, educator, and calligrapher, known as Mr. Jiujiang.
Zhu Ciqi was gifted and intelligent, able to write poetry at the age of seven, and when he was a teenager, he taught at Yuehua Academy and Yangcheng Academy, where Xie Lansheng taught, and was a proud disciple of Xie Lansheng. In the twenty-seventh year of Daoguang (1847), Zhu Ciqi was a jinshi, and in the second year of Xianfeng (1852), he was appointed as the zhi county of Xiangling County, Shanxi, and his office was clean and fair, and his reputation was excellent, and the local people built a shrine for him, and honored him as "Zhuzi". After 190 days of service, he resigned from the government and returned to Lili, founded the "Jiujiang Lishan Caotang", engaged in educational work, lectured for more than 20 years, and cultivated a large number of talents for the country. Among the famous disciples were: Kang Youwei, the leader of the Restoration Movement; Chen Ruyue, the chief examiner of the Hanlin Academy; Jian Chaoliang, a great educator in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty; and Liang Yaoshu, a hand-picked leader of tongzhi.
"Qianqiu new learning to open the South China Sea, hundreds of famous Confucians look up to the Jiujiang". In his education, Zhu Ciqi put forward the proposition of "taking the salvation of the people through the world as the return", requiring students to "practice filial piety, advocate fame and honor, change temperament, and examine prestige", prompting students to be "sincere, cautious, self-denying, self-denying, hard-working, and striving to serve the country". In recognition of his merits, the Guangxu Emperor gave him the title of Wupin Jingqing (五品京卿), and the National History Museum posthumously established a biography for him. His disciple Kang Youwei said that "in the two hundred years of the national dynasty, there is no great sage and great Confucianism, and there is no comparison." "Praise the teacher's moral integrity."
The picture above is the "Zhu Jiujiang Memorial Hall", which is now listed by the local government as a "patriotic education base".
In his lifetime, Zhu Ciqi wrote "Records of the Words and Deeds of Famous Ministers of the State Dynasty", "Biography of the Yimin People of the State Dynasty", "The Origin of Sexual Studies", "Records of the Five Historical Facts", "Jin Cheng", "Mongolian Observations", etc., and the collection of biographies includes a volume of "The Testament of Ru Shi zhai".
The picture above is a portrait of Mr. Xie Lansheng
Xie Lansheng (1760-1831), zi Peishi, fengpu, also known as Lifu, alias Li Daoren, Guangdong Nanhai people. He was a famous educator, calligrapher, painter and calligrapher during the Qianlong and Jiaqing years of the Qing Dynasty.
When Xie Lan was born, he was promoted from his father's temple, and he was fond of ancient culture and studied calligraphy and painting. In the seventh year of Jiaqing (1802), he was elected as the master of Yue Qiao, the chair of Yuehua and Duanxi Academy, and later taught at Yangcheng Academy. Nguyen Yuan rebuilt Ku Tong Zhi Yan as the general editor and was awarded the title of Shu Ji Shi of the HanLin Academy.
Xie Lansheng learned poetry from Su Dongpo, the calligraphers Yan Zhenqing, Zhu Suiliang, and Li Yong, whose painting studies were particularly profound, exploring Wu Zhen, Dong Qichang's wonders, and using his pen to be handsome and strange.
Zhu Ciqi was a proud protégé of Xie Lansheng when he was lecturing at Yuehua Academy and Yangcheng Academy, and he had a great love for Zhu Ciqi, who once passed on his disciple Zhu Ciqi a volume of calligraphy theory work "Shu Ti" that he had devoted his life's efforts and experience to his disciple Zhu Ciqi, and did not include it in his own collection of essays, (the "Shu Ti" was later copied by Zhu Ciqi's disciple Chen Ruyue in kaishu), which shows that his teacher-student friendship is extraordinary.
In this regard, Kang Youwei specifically wrote in the "Guangxiu Zhou Shuangyi Shuxue No. 23": "Mr. Jiujiang is the great Confucian of the time, Yu Shi you gong penza, his main pen is flat wrist vertical front, false fist real finger, Gai de Mr. Xie Lansheng, for the Lishan people Erqiao's biography also."
Understanding the lives of the two celebrities and the intersection of teachers and students, we look back at this calligraphy work, according to the payment, the author believes that it should be determined that Zhu Ciqi followed the instructions of Mr. Xie Lansheng (Li Fu), the teacher, and specially created a work presented to the teacher.
From the analysis of the content of the text and the author's use of festive colored red sprinkled gold rice paper, the author infers that the product was formed in the spring of 1829 or 1830 and the Jingming period, and may also be on the occasion of Mr. Xie Lansheng's seventieth birthday, and the work describes a collection of literati and disciples organized by Mr. Xie Lansheng.
At that time, when the Western colonists led by Britain wantonly dumped opium into China, causing a large amount of domestic silver to flow out, causing the Qing government treasury to become increasingly empty, seriously destroying China's feudal economy, and poisoning the spirit and flesh of the people, so in the work, on the one hand, the author vividly described the scene of the Spring Tour gathering of the Japanese literati and inkers chanting poems and splashing ink, and expressed his message and blessings for the life of his mentor in his later years through the artistic conception; on the other hand, from his unique "Tao Xie Poem" and "Zhou Yi" and "Leaving the Troubles", Ya concentrated on the children's work "Tiger Howling", which fully revealed the author's love for the beautiful rivers and mountains of the motherland and his concern for the fate of the country in his youth.
From the artistic point of view, the whole calligraphy layout is reasonable, the force penetrates the back of the paper, a line does not fall, a word does not fall, a stroke does not fall, the whole text is elegant in rhetoric, the fun of reading is full of fun, the previous generation of literati is elegant, smelling between the lines.
From the work "Mr. Lifu's Lord's Teachings", we can see the ancestor Zhu Ciqi's worship of the teacher, and see the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation - the dignity of the teacher, which is awe-inspiring!