Xu You was a famous scholar in Fujian in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and regarding his talent, Zhu Yizun said in the "Poetry of Jing Zhiju": "Mr. Cai is also a three-time master, and his fame is once famous. Yu Shan Mengsuo loved his poems the most, and recorded them in the "My Hot Collection", asking for his chapters and sentences, and disdained to follow the examples of his predecessors. Just like the colt, it cannot be rotated to the sun. The "three absolutes" mentioned here refer to Xu You's praise for his poetry, painting, and calligraphy, and Zhu Yizun specifically pointed out Qian Qianyi's praise for Xu You's poetry in "My Hot Collection". Looking at the "Wu Zhi Ji", Qian Qianyi wrote in the article "HouGuan Xu Youyoujie":
Ding Youyang Yue, Yu in Nanjing, trapped by the ox waist poetry scroll, got Xu Sheng's poems, huo Ran's eyes opened. Whenever it is a good place, it is endless. Because of the preface to Xu Cunyong's poem, which is implicated, he inscribed his poem: "The altar is divided into different places, and the poems are bundled with bamboo shoots." Zhou Rongdong is more desperate, Xu You is eight Minfeng. The chaos of the world is difficult to end, and I am self-righteous. The water pavilion frequently cuts candles, and strokes the curls. "Zhou Rong, Zi Maoshan, Mingzhou people." Taste for the afterglow of the promise of friends also.
Xu You's "Turquoise Map" collection of Fujian Museum
In Lin Zhengqing's banknote "Poetry of Fanxiangtang", this story has a sequel: "Ou Xiang bears the heavy name of the noble prince, yushan Qian Muzhai is the most appreciated, included in the "Wu Burning Collection", but yu yu did not see that it is a collection." Qianlong Bingyin Qiu, who was working on the Salt Law Chronicle at the Guangling Plum Blossom Bookstore, had to work with Wu Men He Ziwei. There are banknotes in the basket, because of borrowing. Yu Shan gave Shiyun: "The chaos of the world is difficult to end, and I am self-righteous in my theory of decay." Youyun: "Several pieces are chewed heavily, worthy of the old man's knowledge." 'Its prize lenders are the best. Zi Wei Youyun: "This episode has not been engraved, and it is very valuable." It contains a total of twenty-six people, each with a number of songs, and more than 100 articles. From this, it can be seen how much Qian Qianyi prefers Xu You's poetry.
Liu Family Compound Signage
For the painting subjects that Xu You is best at, it is recorded in the Houguan County Rural Chronicles and The Old Records of Qi That are recorded in the Second Edition: "Gong cursive writing, good painting bamboo, Kumu Mi Xiangyang, Mi Youtang, and Petal Xiang Qizhi." And Qing Huang Xifan's "Records of Calligraphy and Painting in Minzhong" is more detailed: "Calligraphy and painting are fond of Mi Xiangyang, and mi youtang petals are incense." The painting is like a poem, and there is no fireworks. Zensong Crane, Yougong Bamboo, Imitation Pipe Zhongji, Soft Branches and Young Leaves, Posture. Self-engraved 'Xu You Draws Bamboo' chapter, each bamboo is used. Entering the Qing Kangxi Period, because of the tiredness of friends to the Beijing Division, crossing the river and going north, no longer painting bamboo. Holding the pen is a dead wood jackdaw, desolate, and cannot be seen. Cover the boring atmosphere, a send to this ear. Poetry and calligraphy are called three masterpieces, and he is the author of "Mi Youtang Collection". ”
Wen Bao brand
It seems that Xu You is most famous for painting bamboo, but after entering the Qing Dynasty, because of the fatigue of his friends, he was escorted to Beijing, and since then, he has not painted bamboo again, but instead painted the desolate dead wood jackdaw. For Xu You's painter Cheng, the "Biography of Qing Shi Liechuan Wenyuan" said: "The young master Ni Yuanlu, late Mu Mi Fu was a person, and the Mi You Tang was dedicated. He is the author of "MiYoutang Poetry Collection". After the fall of the Ming Dynasty, Ni Yuanlu martyred himself, for this reason, Xu You made a "Tribute to Ni Hongbao's Master Text", which proves that Xu You did worship Ni Yuanlu as a teacher.
Regarding Xu You's biographical resume, the "Records of Literature Collection" compiled by Qing Qianlin reads: "Xu You's initial name zai, the character Youjie, Hou Guanren, the father Of Ming Jinshi, the official Zhejiang Tixue Counselor. The Youshao Master will audit Ni Yuanlu and enter the dynasty to live his life. Friendly painting books, poetry is especially lonely and tall. ...... There is also a painting sentence: the spirit valley is all plums, the stone is nostalgic, the pine needle pen is passed on for no reason, and the green mountain is a filial piety. ”
Charges
Xu You's talent in painting is also mentioned here, and for Xu You's painting style, Fu Baoshi's compilation of the "Biography of Ethnic Artists at the End of the Ming Dynasty" writes:
Mr. Shu's Book, Chu Xi Zhu Ji Chen Lao Lian (Hong Shou), later changed into a petal fragrant rice Haiyue, in his later years, Rong Hui, a family of his own, and reached the extreme. At the beginning, a specially constructed room, Yan Yue Mi Youtang. His friend Huang Zhonglin laughed and said, "The boy is arrogant, dare to be friends with HaiYueye?" "Because of its room called cocoon clouds. The pen is smokeless and fire-free, the best ink bamboo, engraved and printed "Xu You painting bamboo". He is also good at making small bamboo, following the Zhongji (Daosheng) method, soft branches and young leaves, with a full posture, quite a cangchu. However, due to the oak garden affair, once the Yellow River is crossed, it will not be repaid. Occasionally, I write about the dead wood jackdaw to send my intentions, and the desolate state cannot be forced to look at.
Tickets
From this, it can be seen that Xu You initially liked Chen Hongshou's painting style, and then followed Zong Mifu, and later he fused the two into one to form his own style. And during the period of pursuing Mi Fu, because he was very obsessed with admiration, he also deliberately took his church name as "Mi You Tang", and when his friends saw this hall number, they laughed at him for being too arrogant and dared to claim to be friends with Mi Fu. The ridicule of his friends made Xu You a little embarrassed, so he changed the name of the hall to Ruo Cocoon Hall. In this record, it is said that Xu You is the best at painting bamboo, and some painting methods are imitating pipe sheng, and this text also points out that Xu You was tired of Zhou Lianggong and later stopped painting bamboo.
plan
Regarding Xu You's living conditions, Fu Baoshi has the following description in the text:
Mr. Temperament is sparse, self-styled by the Jin people, both prestigious, and the people of Fujian visit him a lot, but there is no one who repays the gurudwara, and those who do not save the people are, so that it is regrettable that people are many. Even if it is a mutual acquaintance, there is also a back word, sir does not ask, the day with wine to dispatch himself as before, for the people short body and large abdomen, the body does not need hair, like a fat. Oak Garden tasted Mr. Yun: "Junjiu is the first, books are second, painting bamboo is second, and poetry is secondary." "Did the gentleman not end up in fifty years, or was it caused by the first thing?"
The iron frame in the courtyard
It seems that Xu You is very famous and stylish, taking the characters of the Wei and Jin dynasties as the imitation object, and his free attitude is quite famous in Fujian. For Xu You's appearance, the text depicts him as a short belly, hairless, looking like an obese woman. The article also quotes Zhou Lianggong's comments on Xu You, who believes that Xu You's first skill is drinking, the second is calligraphy, and the third is painting bamboo, and the water standards for his poetry are at the bottom. It is a pity that Xu You died early, otherwise, I am afraid that there will be higher achievements in all aspects.
Ancient Fujian urban area floor plan
Fu Baoshi's depiction in the text is contained in the book "Shu Xu Youjie's Self-Use seal" in Zhou Lianggong's "Biography of the YinRen": "To enter Fujian, that is, to visit the jun for the first time, is quite a meeting of literature and wine, but there is a clutch with the junshu. The king's belly, without a single stem and whisker, looking at the kind of milk, the face is horizontal and fat, not like the literati, the calligraphy and painting, the poetry and literature are more and more elegant, see the author of his hand, imitate his appearance as a beautiful woman, and also different things. ”
Zhou Lianggong once served as an envoy to Fujian, and the first person he visited when he went to Fuzhou was Xu You, and it was precisely because the two often gathered together, so Zhou Lianggong was able to accurately depict Xu You's appearance. Zhou Lianggong said that such a good-looking person does not look like a cultured person at all, but he did not expect that Xu You has talents in many aspects. Regarding Xu You's style of doing things, Zhou Lianggong also wrote in this article: "Sexual neglect, self-styled by the Jin people, the characters chu xi Zhu and Chen Hongshou, and later changed from rice, Yan Qitang is known as 'mi you'." Huang Zhonglin did not like Jun, and Dengqitang said: 'The boy dares to be friends with Miye?' 'Junfu changed his room to be called 'Cocoon'. The names of the kings change, the books also change, and the late ones gather the families, and when they do what they want, they will attain the ultimate state. ”
plaque
As for the origin of Xu You's name, Zhou Lianggong has the following introduction in this article: "Xu Yu, a Zai, the word Youjie, the waiting official. The eldest son of the Yushi Shixian who is secretive, the one who is jealous is said to be a criminal of the family, and the messenger of filial piety, the gai min yin '豸', 'Zai' Hu Tong, can also be a gimmick. Therefore, he changed his name to Yue You, the word Youjie; has been renamed YueMei, the word Jieshou, and the other word Jiemei Jun. ”
One of the halls
It seems that Xu You's original name was Xu Yu, a Xu Zai, and his father's name was Xu Yuan. Xu You was so free-spirited that many people were jealous of him, so they picked a fault with his name, because in the Hokkien dialect, "豸" and "Zai" are homophonous, and some people attack Xu Zai as a filial piety. People's words are terrible, and Xu Zai has to be more of a friend. In fact, if the family secrets this matter, if carefully considered, Chinese name is from the elders in ancient and modern times, only the word and number come from his own preferences, since his name Xu Zai, even if this name is not from his father, but from other elders, but at least it shows that his father does not care, outsiders use this to pick faults, is not much.
There are no books on the shelves
For the seating of Xu You's various talents, Zhou's original text is: "Give a taste of Junjiu one, the second book, the second writing bamboo, and the second poetry." Mr. YuYang is the most rigorous in his poetry, and he loves Jun's poems, especially his seven words and sentences, and his handwritten records are as many as dozens. Because of the collection of poems from his neighbors as an episode of "Feeling old", there is another sentence cloud: "Xu You Eight MinFeng." So is his appreciation. Yu also wants to carve the poems of the four dead friends in Minzhong, Chen Kezhang, Chen Kaizhong, Xu Cunyong and Jun Ye. Jun learns or lets the three jun, and the talent is sensitive, and the three jun are not caught. ”
Eight surnames into mintu
Xu You's talent is rated as the first in wine, and after three absolute rows, there is obviously an element of ridicule, after all, drinking is only a hobby, not a specialty. This is just like Li Baidou's hundred poems, although Taibai can drink so much, but later generations still call him a poetry immortal and not a wine immortal, so wine is only a catalyst for full play, a means rather than an end. And Xu You's three talents may be in a slightly drunk state, in order to play at the highest level, but can not be regarded as Xu You's first talent. However, since Zhou Lianggong said this, he could also see how close the relationship between the two was. Judging from the historical documents, the two were indeed close friends, but it was precisely for this reason that Xu You was affected by Zhou Lianggong, and Zhou talked about this matter in the text: "Jun wei yu tired, arrested into the capital gate, and returned unharmed." Don't go, repeat the clutch. Over time, there was no end to the conversation. The king returned to the throne for a few years, that is, he died. Its funeral also, cover only more than forty. ”
All the way
Xu You, who was implicated by Zhou Lianggong, was arrested and sent to Beijing, and although he was later released, he died of illness within a few years. Fu Baoshi said in the text that Xu You died before he was fifty, Zhou Lianggong said that he was in his forties, and some documents said that Xu You died just after forty. But in any case, Xu You's middle-aged death is a fact, and his death is obviously related to Being Implicated in Zhou Lianggong, Being Arrested and Imprisoned, and also related to his personal values.
Xu You was born in a family of eunuchs, and his father Xu Yu was a Ming Chongzhen Xin Wei jinshi who had served in Ning Shao Dao and other positions. Xu You was a man of integrity and was praised by the people of the time, and this personality wanted to influence his son Xu You, who Gu Jingxing described Xu You in the "Collection of Bai Maotang": "When Chongzhen was chongzheng, Fujian feasted in a remote place, and the customs were luxurious. There are enough families, child dancers, poetry and wine to talk about, no wasted day. RenXia accepts and despises everything. ...... Less than six feet long, fat and white, talking and laughing, drunk and, full of pen and ink. Or for poetry, or painting dead wood and bamboo stones, Yi Yi has a good, compared to Xiangyang and Meishan. Gu chest is often depressed and uneven, if the circle of deer and cranes, those who are not happy to live, are not good at the world. However, the wind is self-defeating. ”
Saw the remaining glass
Xu Jian had contacts with many literati, and Zheng Shanshan's "Chronology of Xu You" quoted Xu Jie's "Preface to the Collected Writings of the Ancestor Zhong Retreat": "When Mr. Chu Zhong Retreated from the Temple, yu was the most deeply known and had a lot of water and milk. "Zhong Retreat Is zhong an or Zhong Yue, in the first year of the Apocalypse, he served as a Scholar of Fujian, and the two should have known each other at this time, during this period, Xu Yu worshiped Zhong Yu as a teacher, thinking that he had met Tan Yuanchun again through Zhong Yue, and Zhong and Tan were the leaders of the "Jingling Sect", and Xu Yu had a close relationship with them.