<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="1" > Puyi was invited to Zhongnanhai and saw Chairman Mao in tears</h1>
On January 31, 1962, Puyi, the "last emperor" who had been pardoned and returned to Beijing for more than two years, was invited by Chairman Mao to Zhongnanhai as a guest, and this news made Puyi both happy and worried, happy to have been invited by Chairman Mao, worried that he had just entered the new society, did not understand the new society deeply, and was afraid of being disrespectful in front of Chairman Mao. However, the careful Chairman Mao had already taken this into account, so he invited Zhang Shizhao, Cheng Qian, Qiu Ao, Wang Jifan, and others to accompany him.
Puyi at the Beijing Botanical Garden
When Puyi, dressed in a blue Zhongshan suit and wearing glasses, walked into the Zhongnanhai Yinian Hall, Chairman Mao held Puyi's hand tightly and said, "Welcome Mr. Puyi!" Joking to everyone, he said, "Gentlemen, this is our old boss, we were all his people." After saying this, the people present laughed, and then Chairman Mao invited everyone to sit down and drink tea and chat.
After Puyi took the teacup handed by the staff, he put it aside, took off his glasses, and with tears in his eyes, he said to Chairman Mao: "I Puyi is a person who is guilty of sin against the country and the people, and today I can get Chairman Mao's invitation, which is the greatest glory in my life, I..."
When Chairman Mao heard this, he waved his hand and said, "Mr. Puyi, let's not talk about this first, first of all, we welcome you back to Beijing, I heard that you worked in the Beijing Botanical Garden before, it is very good, is it okay to do qing history research now?" In addition to work, you are also in your fifties, you must take care of your body; second, but you still have to continue to learn, what to learn specifically? Learn to work, learn to live. Only in this way can we be a qualified citizen of the People's Republic of China and a self-reliant laborer. ”
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="6" > recall the past, Puyi once again expressed his guilt</h1>
Puyi heard Chairman Mao's encouragement to himself, and he was so moved to cry that Chairman Mao was a little emotional, and he quickly said: "Come and hand Mr. Puyi a hot towel." After Puyi took the hot towel and wiped his face, he put on his glasses and prepared to continue speaking, but Chairman Mao asked: "Did you live well in Tianjin?" Do you still have any news from her after breaking up with WenXiu? ”
Puyi in Tianjin
Puyi was stunned when he heard Chairman Mao's question, and then said meaningfully: "I lived in Tianjin for six or seven years, first in Zhangyuan, and then moved to Jingyuan, when I was only in my twenties, and I had many ideas. At that time, there were many foreigners living in Tianjin, and all kinds of news kept reaching my ears, which felt very fresh, this was a freedom that I had never had in the Forbidden City in Beijing, I once wanted to live in Europe for a while, but I was opposed by the widows and my father, and there were Japanese people who were trying to woo me, so I had to give up this idea. For Wen Xiu, after she divorced me, her life was not good, and her family was very cold to her, and even a little disgusted. ”
Speaking of this, Puyi said guiltily: "Chairman Mao, gentlemen, the biggest mistake I made in Tianjin was to surrender to Japanese militarism, and followed them to the northeast to become the puppet 'emperor' of 'puppet Manchukuo' and became their accomplices in oppressing the Chinese people. ”
At the end, Puyi sighed a long time and said, "I really took a wrong step and a wrong step, I face the ancestors without face, right, I have no face to see the younger generations, if I don't do this emperor, it will be good!" ”
Puyi in Changchun
Chairman Mao said: "Mr. Puyi, the emperor is a product of the feudal system, he can compete for it, but he can't decide, even if he becomes an emperor, he also needs a bunch of people around him to support the scene, otherwise he can't show the emperor's 'supremacy', sacred and inviolable, slowly he also thinks that he is the true dragon tianzi, after the Qing army entered the customs, there are ten emperors, you are the last, but you are different from the other nine, you are a puppet emperor, in the Qing Dynasty, among the ten emperors, kangxi, Yongzheng, The three emperors of Qianlong were the most effective. ”
Speaking of this, Chairman Mao snapped his fingers and puyi and said: "The Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms, the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, the Song Dynasty, the Liao Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty, and the Qing Dynasty have been a total of more than two thousand years, and there are 494 emperors, you Mr. Puyi is the last, and there will be no more feudal systems in China after you." ”
Puyi, who was beside him, nodded his head and said, "Chairman Mao's words are well analyzed." ”
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="14" During > the meal, Puyi asked Chairman Mao: Why don't you eat meat</h1>
Puyi recounted his life in the Soviet Union after Japan's surrender, and the two had been chatting unconsciously for more than two hours, and twilight gradually hung over Beijing.
At exactly six o'clock, Chairman Mao said: "Today is January 31, 1962, which happens to be the twenty-sixth day of the lunar month of the Ugly Year, and I Mao Runzhi prepared a few Hunan side dishes and invited you to drink at home to greet the arrival of the Spring Festival together. ”
Chairman Mao said that several Hunan-style dishes had been put on the table, and one of the purple pots of simmered meat was the most famous. Chairman Mao and several guests said: "The dishes are coming, please sit down and taste the meal." ”
Chairman Mao reads the newspaper
After everyone sat down, Puyi tasted a purple pot of simmered meat and said: "The taste is thick and thick, and the taste is unique." Chairman Mao said meaningfully on the side: "If there is no merit of the chefs, these dishes are not light and tasteless, the dishes are delicious, and do not forget the credit of their cooks." Then Chairman Mao said lightly: "Mr. Puyi, I have not eaten meat for a while, and today is an exception." Hard! In the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, Khrushchev forced us to repay our debts, and at that time, how much the country's foreign exchange reserves could be, we had no choice but to repay them with agricultural and sideline products, light industrial products, and all other materials. However, we Chinese people are ambitious, the sky can't fall, grit your teeth and pass, Chinese people are not afraid of death, and they will be afraid of any atomic bomb. ”
Puyi, who was listening to Chairman Mao's bold words, did not know how to answer for a while, but just sat there foolishly and said: "Chairman, who advised you not to eat meat?" ”
Chairman Mao and Zhongnanhai staff
Chairman Mao smiled and said, "No one advised me, we set it ourselves, and the people of the whole country have no meat to eat, so what else do I eat?" ”
In fact, what Chairman Mao said is true.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="22" During the three-year difficult period >, Chairman Mao took the initiative to tide over the difficulties with the people of the whole country</h1>
Since the natural disaster in 1959, Chairman Mao and the staff around him have said: "Now that many parts of the country have been hit by disasters and many ordinary people are still starving, do you think we are taking the lead and no longer have to eat meat and drink tea?" ”
The staff on the side looked at each other and did not know how to answer.
Chairman Mao had to let his chef eat braised pork or rice noodle meat every ten days and half a month, and he once had an opinion with his own chef because of the issue of eating meat. Now Chairman Mao has taken the initiative to say that he will not eat meat or drink tea, which is undoubtedly a great determination for the chairman.
Chairman Mao looked at everyone with a look of mutual respect and said: "Now that the country has suffered a disaster and the Soviets are forcing debts, how about each of us eat less meat and strive to pay off the foreign debt within three years?" At present, we have only two ways out, the first is self-reliance, the second is hard work, as long as we Chinese unite as one, even if the sky falls, we are not afraid. ”
As soon as Chairman Mao's voice fell, the staff present clapped their hands one after another and said, "Chairman, we are willing to work like you in self-reliance and hard struggle." ”
Chairman Mao and Zhou Enlai partyed with the staff in Zhongnanhai
Chairman Mao was very happy to hear everyone's words. Say, "Then we'll say what we say." ”
Since then, Chairman Mao has not eaten meat or tea for a long time, and even because of the long-term lack of nutrition, he has suffered from the problem of puffiness, and after Premier Zhou found out, he came to the Yinian Hall and Chairman Mao and said: "Chairman, you are so busy working every day, you have to supplement nutrition, you have to eat meat." ”
Chairman Mao said calmly: "Enlai, I have made an agreement before that I will not pay off my foreign debts, I will never eat meat, and I will tide over the difficulties with the people of the whole country." ”
In the Spring Festival of 1960, once the chef Cheng Ruming was really upset with the chairman, so he made a scallion flapjack with lard and lean meat, and was discovered by Chairman Mao and said: "This Master Cheng, I said I would not eat meat, he made a fool of himself!" ”
In the autumn of that year, after Vice President Song Qingling, who lived in Shanghai, learned that Chairman Mao did not eat meat, he rushed from Shanghai with a net of crabs to Beijing and delivered it to Chairman Mao and said: "Runzhi, you are so busy working every day, you don't pay any attention to your body, I heard in Shanghai that you have edema disease, and immediately rushed to send you some crabs." You don't take your body seriously, and it is irresponsible to the people of the whole country to fall ill. ”
Chairman Mao looked at the crab in the net pocket and said, "Mr. Qingling, I have already said that I will not eat these things, and I dare not break the rules." ”
Chairman Mao and Soong Ching Ling
In the end, Song Qingling patiently persuaded for half a day before Chairman Mao accepted this affectionate gift, but when Song Qingling's front foot had just left, Chairman Mao let Li Yinqiao take these crabs to the kitchen and let Master Cheng prepare them for the soldiers to eat and let them relieve their hunger.
When Li Yinqiao brought one of the crabs to Chairman Mao, Chairman Mao said, "Yinqiao, what do you do, I say I will not eat it if I don't eat it, and I will give it to the soldiers. ”
It was not until three years of hardship and after paying off the Soviet Union's foreign debt that Chairman Mao regained his favorite braised pork.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="37" > Chairman Mao invited Puyi to view the New Chinese National Seal</h1>
At the table, Chairman Mao took a spoon and gave Puyi a piece of meat from the jar, put it in his bowl and said, "Eat, Mr. Puyi, just because I don't eat meat doesn't mean you can't eat it." ”
Puyi was very touched to see Chairman Mao's move, and said: "Thanks to the Communist Party and Chairman Mao, it is precisely by relying on the Correct Transformation of the Communist Party and New China in Fushun that I have been allowed to change from a ghost to a human being. Chairman Mao, I Puyi will study hard in the future, behave well, and be a qualified citizen of a new China. ”
When Chairman Mao heard this, he was very pleased and said, "How is this meal compared to the imperial meal you had in the palace before?" ”
After Puyi heard this, he said with some embarrassment: "Chairman, I have seventy-five cooks preparing meals in the imperial dining room every day, and each meal must be placed on dozens of dishes, and every day is like this, the month is so, every day is like this, now looking back, it is really flashy, feeless and not beneficial, camp but not nourished, light and tasteless." Looking back now, it was not called eating, it was called iniquity. ”
At the dinner table, Chairman Mao mentioned a past incident: "Mr. Puyi, I heard that when I was in the Republic of China, Chiang Kai-shek asked Dai Kasa to send people to steal your national jade seal. ”
Puyi and Lu Zhonglin (left) Xiong Bingzhang (right)
Puyi said: "Chairman, the Chuanguo Jade Seal has been lost for hundreds of years, but it is recorded in history, I remember that in 1924, when General Lu Zhonglin drove me out of the Forbidden City, he asked me about the whereabouts of this Chuanguo Jade Seal, and I told him that I had not seen the Chuanguo Jade Seal, let alone me, neither the Kangxi Emperor nor the Qianlong Emperor had seen it. ”
Chairman Mao said, "This is a pity, but I will show you a national treasure, the national seal of New China." ”
After speaking, Chairman Mao asked people to bring the national seal of new China to the table, and after speaking, he opened the printing box and a bronze seal engraved with the Song character "Seal of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China" came into view. The font is neat and serious, strong and powerful.
The founding seal of new China was engraved by Zhang Fancheng, a famous carving master in Beijing, during the preparations for the new CPPCC session, at the invitation of Mr. Qi Yanming, deputy secretary general of the preparatory committee and a well-known cultural figure.
Chairman Mao and Zhou Enlai personally examined and approved the font of the seal, and finally after discussion among the delegates to the New CPPCC session, they finally decided on the pattern of the print in Song script.
When Elder Zhang learned of this news, he was very excited, he said: "Chairman Mao is really a great person, the national seals of all dynasties and dynasties are seal books, but the national seal of New China is the Song style, and the common people can understand it, which shows that the heart of the Communist Party is really thinking of the people all the time." ”
The material of this national seal is also different from the jade selected by successive dynasties, but the choice of copper, Chairman Mao specially explained to Puyi: "This material is my choice, copper represents the copper wall iron wall, is it not good to be simple?" After saying this, Chairman Mao handed this national seal full of meaning to Puyi and said: "Mr. Puyi, once you were also a famous collector, and you also had the seals of all dynasties and dynasties. ”
Puyi then said: "Chairman, don't make fun of me, many of the seals in my collection have been lost overseas, some remain in the Soviet Union, some in Japan, but this bronze seal of New China is the real national treasure." ”
Chairman Mao nodded and said, "Mr. Puyi, you can't say that, new China has only been around for more than ten years, and he is still a young man with a prosperous style, who still has to endure the wind and rain, see the world, and withstand the test of history and the people, and those seals of yours are the real treasures." ”
Puyi heard this and hurriedly said: "Chairman, I have indeed lost or sold many treasures, and I am guilty of the country and ashamed of the Chinese nation." ”
Puyi Collection Qingqianlongtian Huang Sanlian Xi is now in the Palace Museum in Beijing
Chairman Mao smiled tolerantly and said, "It is going to rain and the mother is going to marry, and this is also a time when there is no way, when you didn't even guard the country, how can you be harsh on you to leave those treasures?" ”
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="55" > precious image of the founding head and the last emperor</h1>
Everyone ate and chatted in a pleasant atmosphere. After eating, Chairman Mao took everyone to the hall to drink tea and rest, and when drinking tea, Puyi suddenly came up with an idea and said: "Chairman Mao, I am now sorting out some of my past events, and then publishing a book called "My Life." ”
Chairman Mao stood up, shook Puyi's hand, and said: "Whether it is writing about the past or writing memories, in the final analysis, it is still necessary to sum up history and summarize yourself, to write it is to be true and true, really, in order to respect history; really, it is to write about yourself, or to write about people or things related to yourself, including good and bad, in short, only if you write yourself clearly, others will understand, but I suggest you change the title of the book, you are only fifty years old, and you still have a new life in the future. The first half of my life was better, how about it?. ”
Puyi said: "Thanks to Chairman Mao, I will definitely write well and write down my past truthfully." ”
Puyi's autobiography "The First Half of My Life"
Finally, Chairman Mao mentioned Puyi's marriage, because since December 1956, li yuqin divorced him, he had been living alone, and he did have someone around to take care of him. So Chairman Mao said: "Mr. Puyi, I heard that you are still alone, our emperor does not have a mother-in-law to take care of that, it is not okay, divorced can be married again, but your marriage can not be so-so, you have to think about it carefully, you have to find a suitable one, because your first half of life has passed, and now you have to have a good second half of your life, you want to become a family." ”
Later, under the introduction of Du Yuming, who was also a commissioner of literature and history at the National People's Congress, a nurse named Li Shuxian walked into Puyi's life, and she also accompanied Puyi through the last years of his life.
At the time of the separation, Chairman Mao planned to take a photo with Puyi, and Puyi was very excited after hearing this, stood up and walked to Chairman Mao's side, and Chairman Mao's photographer Lu Houmin pressed the shutter.
When Lü Houmin pressed the shutter, Chairman Mao said to Lü Houmin: "Xiao Lu, this is not right, let's take a new picture." Guests should be standing at the top (right) and we will come again. ”
Chairman Mao and Puyi
Puyi had not yet realized that Chairman Mao had already switched places with him, letting Puyi stand on his right side, at which point Lü Houmin pressed the shutter and recorded this unforgettable moment.
Mr. Zhang Shizhao on the side smiled and said, "What is this called, this is called the founding head and the last emperor." ”
As soon as the words stopped, everyone laughed.
Puyi's experience of returning home to this day is also unforgettable for a long time, he wrote in his diary: "I was able to dine with the great leader Chairman Mao and take pictures, which made me feel very honored, this is the most unforgettable day of my life, but also the day when my new life really began." ”