Author: Elegant Beard (Wu Yonggang-Max)
Over the past few years, perhaps preconceived by the statement that "architecture is a frozen history", and paranoidly believed that "rapidly moving from modern times to modern times" is the charm of Jilin city culture, in the process of exploring the history of Jilin City, I have always paid more attention to the changes of modern architecture. With the help of the concise and concise records of predecessors, the affectionate narration of the elders, and my own vague childhood memories, the past of the modern buildings in Jilin City, which has "dissolved" in the long river of history, has gradually become clear in my mind. However, in this process, there are also some buildings that have not checked the development context, which have always raised my appetite and caused me to continue my own exploration. Near the northern section of Tianjin Street today, there are a few modern buildings that I have seen with my own eyes, and it is always unknown.
The old shadow of the orthopedic hospital in the mid-1980s, taken from the "Changyi District Wenmiao Street Chronicle"
Speaking of Tianjin Street, it can also be regarded as an influential old street in Dongguan, Jilin City. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the People's Republic, after the completion of the Jilin Railway Station, it went from the railway station to the timber distribution center by the Dongdatan River, forming an ordinary dirt road for transporting timber. By 1935, the three railways of Jichang, Jihai and Jidun were connected into one, and Jilin City already had the status of an important railway hub in the northeast railway network. The rapid development of the colonial economy has brought about great changes in the appearance of dongguan in Jilin City. In order to create a good environment for the development of the Japanese colonial powers, the Japanese and puppet authorities presided over the formulation of new urban plans and invested in the resurfacing of some roads. This includes the railway station's dirt road to Dongdatan, the new road named Bajing Road. The renovation of Bajing Road has changed the pattern of the northern section of the road that has been sparsely populated for many years and the southern section is relatively bustling and lively. With the continuous expansion of the Japanese and pseudo-colonial economies, rapid urban development has led to the emergence of new houses and operating institutions on both sides of the northern section of the road. The new buildings include both civil and commercial bungalows and new buildings. Most of these houses were retained and used until after liberation.
The old film of the orthopedic hospital in the mid-1980s, taken from the "Chronicle of Changyi District"
1. The old diagnosis and treatment building of Jilin Orthopaedic Hospital. Formerly known as Changyi District Orthopaedic Hospital, the hospital is located at the southwest corner of the intersection of Tianjin Street and Changsha Road. The hospital was founded in 1962, and Shi Zhengsheng, a bone orthopedic expert in traditional Chinese medicine in Jilin City, served as the hospital's president. In 1981, after several transfers and mergers, the orthopedic hospital was moved from Chaoyang Street to its current location on Tianjin Street, where this large two-story building was already available. From the analysis of architectural styles, door and window structures, and decorative bricks on the façade, it is very likely that the building was built in the pseudo-Manchu period before liberation.
However, no definitive information has been found on which units the building was used before 1981. Of the several editions of the more accurate maps of the Pseudo-Manchu period that have been seen so far, there are mostly blanks here, and only one map with a large number of Japanese annotations has the words "Gangnamliao" marked to the south of the building. Literally, it should be a dormitory for a Japanese institution. The value of this information is debatable: in addition to the slightly off-the-beaten-track location, the map is also slightly older, and many of the annotations in the map have changed in the late Manchu period, making it difficult to logically associate this Jiangnanliao with the second floor of the orthopedic hospital. It was once intended to trace the architectural origin through the design drawings, but unfortunately, the Jilin City Urban Construction Archives did not retain the relevant drawings of the original building of the orthopedic hospital, so it was impossible to determine the original user of the building.
The old shadow of the Changyi District Committee in the mid-1980s, taken from the "Chronicle of Changyi District"
2. The former Office Building of the Changyi District Party Committee. Travel along Tianjin Street in the direction of the railway station, on the southeast side of the intersection of Chengdu Road, which used to be the office of the Changyi District Party Committee of Jilin City. In the old photos, it can be seen that the frontage building has many similarities with the architectural style of the orthopedic hospital, the door and window structure and the decorative bricks of the façade - it is suspected that it is also a Building of the Japanese and Pseudo-Japanese Period.
Shi Zai: On October 15, 1948, the Changyi District Committee of Jilin City was established at No. 108 Weichang Street, and the then district governor Fu Ke concurrently served as the secretary of the Changyi District Party Committee. On April 25, 1953, the second district (Chaoyang District) of Jilin City was abolished, and most of the territory was assigned to the first district (Changyi District). On May 9, the Changyi District Party Committee and the District Government moved to Tianjin Street (the District Government moved to Shanghai Road in December 1958). Judging from this time node, the building of the Changyi District Committee was previously suspected to have been used by a unit in Chaoyang District. Further back to the source, in the maps and related historical materials of the Puppet Manchu Period, the eastern end of Qiwei Road (now Chengdu Road) once had institutions such as the Jilin Industrial Society and the "Japan Women's Federation" Pavilion. But these institutions, without exception, are on the north side of Qiwei Road. Whether it is a map or a document, the south side of the road is blank. Because the archives department of Jilin City closed and banned the reading of materials before the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially during the Japanese and pseudo-Japanese periods, it is still impossible to inquire about the construction and use of the office building of the former Changyi District Party Committee. At the same time, the Jilin City Urban Construction Archives still has no drawings and cannot carry out research from the perspective of drawings.
3. Former Changyi Public Security Bureau. The building is located on Baoding Road, which has been demolished since the Changyi Public Security Bureau relocated to Jiefang East Road, which has been used by units such as the Nursing Home. In early April 1948, the Changyi Public Security Bureau was established in Weichang Street and Chang Hutong under the auspices of Xiu Yuzhang, a cadre of the Jibei Military Region, but was later abolished. On July 24, 1954, the Changyi Public Security Sub-Bureau was restored and rebuilt. After the reconstruction, the sub-bureau has been working in the courtyard of the old building on Baoding Road for a long time.
During the Puppet Manchu Period, Baoding Road was called Bawei Road. In the map of Puppet Manchuria, slightly to the west of the former Changyi Public Security Bureau, it is marked with "Jilin Hospital". The appendix of the "Chronicle of Changyi District" has detailed the government-run and private hospitals in the jurisdiction of each period, of which only the name of the Dongguan Branch of Jilin National Hospital is close to the name of "Jilin Hospital" in the above figure, and the architectural style and scale are also in line with historical records. However, the Dongguan Branch records in the historical records that it is located on Wuwei Road (now Shanghai Road), which is clearly marked on another map in the 1940s (that picture is a little later), so whether the office building of the former Changyi Public Security Bureau is Jilin Hospital, and even if it is, how it moved to Wuwei Road, has not yet been able to find satisfactory documentary records.
In addition to the above three, there are more modern buildings in the southern section of Tianjin Street, but fortunately, except for a few houses with special ownership, most of them have relatively clear records. When looking at the modern architecture near Tianjin Street, I can't help but have many feelings in my heart: in the process of Jilin City moving from modern times to modern times, modern buildings in the city, especially some buildings, are not only participants in historical changes, but also witnesses of historical changes - to this day, these buildings and their appendages are still stubbornly resisting the regional discrimination of "Jilin Datun" on special occasions. Therefore, out of vanity or self-confidence, try to understand the source and change of those modern buildings, which can also be regarded as a kind of affectionate "love of hometown".
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I would like to ask friends who understand the historical context of the above three buildings to inform you without hesitation. Thank you!