Not long ago, in order to pursue the conquest style of the generals of the Eyu-Anhui Red Fourth Front, he specially came to Niumiao Village, Fengjing Town, Huoqiu, Anhui Province, which is the northernmost county in Lu'an City, adjacent to Henan Province, and walked into the village, next to a pond, there was a sign with the words "Former Residence of Li Te" written on it.
A corner of Cow Temple Village
The former residence is located in a remote part of the street, although it is now a small village where villagers live, but you can still see the deep inner house ditch, the neat stone dock, the "hall building" with thirteen steps, is a structure of "one house and three courtyards double polder" building, the 3 "hall buildings" and 3 "shangke houses" of the inner house, the locals said, this was previously called xu family old building, the outline of the inner house can still be vaguely presented in front of the eyes of the world, it can be seen that his family conditions at that time were still relatively good, in the backyard of the house, there is a Life Showroom of Li Te.
According to the above text introduction, we can know that Li Te, formerly known as Xu Kexun and Xixia, was born in 1902 in Niumiao Village, Fengjing Town, Huoqiu County. In 1921, he was admitted to Tangshan Jiaotong University, and in 1924, he was sent by the party organization to study in the Soviet Union, and successively studied at the Communist University of Oriental Workers, Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow, and The Tolmachev Military and Political Academy in Leningrad. After returning to China in 1930, he was sent to the Eyu-Anhui Soviet District, where he successively served as the chief of education of Peng Yang's military and political cadre school, the chief of staff of the 73rd Division, the deputy commander of the Red 25th Army, and the deputy commander and chief of staff of the Red 31st Army.
After participating in the Long March of the Red Army in 1934, he successively served as deputy chief of the general staff of the Red Army, chief of staff of the Red Fourth Front, and when the West Road Army was established in November 1936, he served as a member of the Standing Committee of the Military and Political Committee of the West Road Army and the chief of staff of the West Road Army. In March 1937, after the defeat of the Western Route Army, it was transferred to qilian mountain to fight guerrillas, and then to Xinjiang, where it was killed in Dihua (Urumqi) in early 1938.
Judging from the positions held by Li Te in the Red Army, he is not only the chief of staff of the Front Army, but also the deputy chief of the general staff of the Red Army, the chief of staff of the Red West Road Army, and other senior positions; he was one of the senior generals who died during the agrarian revolution, and he was also the highest-ranking general of the Red West Road Army, but why was he silent, and so few people knew?
When we look at the "Notice of Revolutionary Martyrs" displayed by Former Residence Li Te, we find that his martyr notice is different from the general certificate, first of all, his certificate is not issued by the local civil affairs department, but specially issued by the General Political Department of the People's Liberation Army, and there is no column of witnesses; secondly, the certificates of others all indicate heroic sacrifices, and his only words are "missing".
In particular, the brief introduction of the deeds in the martyr's notice pointed out: "In the protracted and arduous revolutionary struggle, Comrade Li Te has made contributions to the creation and development of the revolutionary base areas in Eyuwan and Sichuan and Shaanxi, and to the construction and growth of the Red Army. He participated in the Long March and the Western Route Army, fought heroically, endured hardships and endured severe tests. "It can be said that the evaluation is very high, especially in today's peacetime era, let future generations relive history and recall martyrs, so that the younger generation feels that entrepreneurship is difficult and it is not easy to keep it, which is particularly necessary."
So, why are there so many differences in Litt's "Notice of Revolutionary Martyrs"?
According to the relatives of Li Te who lived here, Li Te's father Xu Yuting was a late Qing Dynasty Xiucai, who had served as a Zhi County in the late Qing Dynasty, and was later transferred to Hunan as a provincial governor. Below Li Te also had younger brothers Ke Xuan and Ke Lang, a younger sister Wan Ruo, and so on, and his father Xu Yuting participated in the Xinhai Revolution in his early years with his literary talent and eloquence, and was appreciated by his superiors, and promoted to the director of Hunan Hutian Bureau. Xu Yuting took Li Te and other children to Hunan to study, while Li Te's mother, Xu Li, took care of housework and opened a wine shop in her hometown of Baimiao. According to the memories of the neighbors, Li Te's mother was friendly and charitable, and when she saw anyone in difficulty during the New Year's Festival, she gave them three liters and two fights.
The "Li Te Information Album" shows that the Li Te family contributed to the liberation of the nation, and his brother Xu Weixia and nephew Xu Xiangqin were both sacrificed on the battlefield of the War of Resistance Against Japan. Li Te himself is talented, among several children, his father likes him the most, he specially invited Mr. Private School to teach him to read at home when he was young, Li Te did not leave any descendants in his life, but he had a fiancée before joining the Red Army, the woman's name was Yang Ziying, a native of Shou County, Anhui, and the Yang family's father and Li Te's father were in Hunan as officials, and they were betrothed to the dolls. On the eve of the May Fourth Movement, Li Te attended a middle school at Chengzhen Middle School in Shanghai; after the outbreak of the May Fourth Movement, the young Li Te joined the revolutionary torrent, bid farewell to his hometown huoqiu, bid farewell to the home of officials and eunuchs, organized and sent him to the Eastern University of the Soviet Union for further study, and was sent to the Eyu-Anhui Soviet Region after graduation.
According to Li Te's nephew, the uncle left no photos, and the photos in the West Road Army Memorial Hall and other Red Army Long March Memorial Halls in the Hexi Corridor were based on the memories of Li Te's guards, and according to the recollections of my elders, this portrait was particularly similar to my eighth grandmother (Li Te's father ranked eighth, known as the eighth grandfather). Li Te is not only knowledgeable, but also has a high level of theory and excellent eloquence, he is approachable, never puts up a shelf, and cares very much for subordinate cadres and soldiers.
In the Eyu-Anhui Su District, Li Te successively served as a member and secretary of the Ying (Shan), Liu (An), Huo (Shan), Luo (Tian), and Shang (Cheng) Special Committees, the director and chief of education of the Peng (Pan) Yang (Yin) School of the Eyu-Anhui Central Branch, the deputy commander of the Red 25 Army, and the chief education officer of the camp school and the Red Army school. During this period, Li Te made unremitting efforts to train troops and cultivate military talents, and achieved remarkable results.
After the defeat of the Red Army in the Eyu-Anhui Base Area in the Fourth Anti-"Encirclement and Suppression" Campaign, the Red Army was forced to withdraw from the Eyu-Anhui Soviet Region and enter Sichuan-Shaanxi to establish a Sichuan-Shaanxi Revolutionary Base Area. At this stage, li te recorded in the annals of history, that is, after the Red Fourth Front and the Central Red Army met the division, the Red Army troops were organized into the Left Route Army and the Right Route Army, and he was ordered to catch up with the central leaders who went north, which became a landmark event in the struggle between the two lines of the south and the north. Li Te's name has thus left a strong mark on the history of the Red Army, and the image of him riding a horse to chase after the central leaders in the TV series of "Long March" is highly controversial.
After the three main forces of the Red Army met the division, according to the instructions of the superiors, the Hexi troops formed the West Road Army, and approved the establishment of the West Road Army Military and Political Committee, the political commissar Chen Changhao, the commander-in-chief Xu Xiangqian, And Li Te was appointed as the standing committee member of the Military and Political Committee, the chief of staff of the West Road Army (the actual third in command), under the jurisdiction of the Red 5th, 9th, and 30th Armies, plus the headquarters of the Western Route Army, a total of 21,800 people.
Since then, together with the members of the Military and Political Committee, Li Te has led this heroic unit from Eyuwan and northern Sichuan, and the soldiers still wearing thin clothes and shirts, in the severe cold season when the water is dripping into ice, they have turned to 13 counties in Hexi, which lasted for 6 months, traveled more than 2,000 kilometers, experienced more than 80 large and small battles, far away from the base areas, there was no logistics, no ammunition supply, and faced with the encirclement and interception of more than 120,000 reactionary warlords, mainly cavalry, under extremely difficult circumstances, the Western Route Army still fought with all its might, fought tenaciously, and preferred to die unyieldingly. After a series of fierce battles in which the blood stained Gaotai, the Great Battle of NiJiayingzi, and the blood sprinkled Pear Garden Pass, they were finally outnumbered and ran out of food, and finally they were surrounded and annihilated by the Ma family army in the Qilian Mountains, and suffered heavy losses and sacrifices.
Under the leadership of the supreme leader Li Te and others, this heroic unit, the Western Route Army, with only about 400 officers left, transferred to Qilian Mountain to fight guerrillas; under the assistance of the Western Army, after arduous marching, it finally entered Xinjiang and finally escaped danger. It is called "new barracks" to the outside world. According to the instructions of its superiors, the new battalion began to study political theory, military technology and cultural knowledge using Soviet-aided military technical equipment and Soviet military instructors as instructors. After completing their studies, the cadets of the "New Barracks" returned to Yan'an in several batches. In this "new barracks" team, 28 founding generals came out after the founding of the country.
The place where Little disappeared
However, at the end of 1937, wang Ming, who was returning from the Soviet Union and passing through Xinjiang, conducted a political examination and screening of the cadres of the Western Route Army in Urumqi, and everyone else passed. Only Li Te and Huang Chao, Wang Ming charged them with "Trotskyism", and since then they have disappeared, the whole process is still a mystery, for various reasons, after Li Te disappeared and has been silent for many years, no one has mentioned it, and no information has been published, only the disappearance can be written.
It was not until 58 years after his death, at the call of his comrades in the Western Route Army, that Li Te finally rehabilitated Zhaoxue and posthumously recognized him as a revolutionary martyr. Li Te's personal entry was later included in the Chinese Military Encyclopedia. The summary comment is "Senior Commander of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army". His hometown also built a former residence to commemorate the senior Red Army general who died young.