In 157 BC, Emperor Wen of Han died and died, and the policy of recuperation that had lasted for nearly forty years in the Han Dynasty was still releasing a strong inertia.
At this time, the person who was still promoting the "Yellow Old Technique" was not his son Emperor Jingdi of Han, but Emperor Wen's empress, later Empress Dou. Empress Dowager Dou did not directly participate in the formulation of national policies as Lü Hou did when she bowed to the government, and her main means of policy intervention was to rely on continuous education.
The old empress dowager held a training class for Huang Lao in the imperial family, requiring all the children of the clan to study and deeply practice the Huang Lao theory and use this as a guiding ideology to govern the country. From the central to the local level, all units must carry out theoretical teaching and group discussions, carry out two studies and one doing, learn the Yellow Emperor Theory, learn Lao Tzu Thought, and become qualified politicians.
The establishment of the Huang Lao Academy in the old empress ensured the full recognition of the Huang Lao's technique by the royal family members, and in such a big environment, the rule of Huang Lao was still continuing.
Emperor Wen's son, Liu Qi, was also educated at Huanglao Academy, another of Wen Jingzhi's rulers. This Jing Emperor, who shared the daimyo with his father Emperor Wen, was far from his father in handling government affairs. The "Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms", which should not have been provoked, broke out under his toss.
In fact, if Emperor Wen's policy continues to be implemented step by step, for another twenty years, the subsequent great chaos will not happen at all, and all the kings of the Liu family will be euthanized. At that time, the Han Dynasty will have hundreds of small city-states, and then the central government can calmly dispose of these small princes who are powerless to resist.
The most important reason for the outbreak of the Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms was that Emperor Jing's Huang Lao training class did not learn solidly and did not understand the essence of Huang Lao's learning.
He did not understand the significance of the great dividend of time, and did a very radical thing: formally cut the domain.
The reason why the Han Jing Emperor was so radical was that there was one person who was indispensable, that person was the economic master who had proposed to sell his knighthood before, Chao Was wrong.
Chao Que served as a prince during the reign of Emperor Wen and was considered the prince's think tank. After Emperor Jing ascended the throne, he promoted Chao Toshi as an internal history, and won the favor of Emperor Jing.
On the surface, Chao Que was a Daoist disciple who obeyed Huang Lao's thoughts. But in his bones, he is a Confucian.
In the pre-Qin period, there were once hundreds of schools of thought, and after the Qin destroyed the Six Kingdoms, the rivers and lakes were ruled by the Fa. A hundred years after the Supremacy of the Dharma, the Taoists took over the baton of national thought. But this scepter had not been held for fifty years, and the Confucians could not hold back, and they had been eager to try it. Because of the Confucian operating concept, he gradually found the market and heard the call of the Great Han Dynasty.
Taoists are essentially inactive. I believe that as long as the policy and route are correct, it is up to time to wash away everything.
Confucianism is essentially about being promising. I always hope to make a difference and replace the power of time with my own ability.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Confucianism suffered from all kinds of blank eyes and all kinds of undesirable treatment, and the famous Xiangguo Yan Infant of the State of Qi was very unaccustomed to Confucianism: "Confucianism is funny and unruly." But after the Han Dynasty unified the world, Confucianism ushered in its opportunity.
Because the two cores of Confucianism are very much in line with the emperor's life goals: one is the hierarchy, and the other is benevolent and promising.
Through the "hierarchical system", the crowd is graded, so that people of all levels can have their own destiny. Emphasize "self-denial", no matter what happens to find the reason from yourself in advance, restrain your desires, so that the ruler can rule conveniently.
Through promising political means, to achieve their own goals, so that the sense of existence of the ruler will explode, and the history will remain famous.
The biggest problem with Huang Laozhi's art is: if you let the emperors do nothing, then the emperors are very unhappy! I am a noble person of the Ninety-Five, but I have done nothing in my life, so after thousands of years, who can remember me? As a person who has stood at the peak of power, in addition to governing the country well, the biggest dream is to let future generations look up to me for thousands of years, which is the common wish of every emperor.
The essence of the Dharma is to make the world utilitarian and driven by the ruler.
The essence of Confucianism is to settle the whole world and serve the rulers.
The essence of Taoism is to settle the world and its rulers and serve the laws of nature.
When there is chaos in the world, all thoughts must stand on the sidelines, and whoever implements the Fa well will have thick arms and big fists, and wherever he is disobedient.
However, after the world was pacified, Taoism and Confucianism began to be recognized by the rulers and became the mainstream by virtue of their "stabilization" effect.
The Taoists first came out on top, mainly because the social environment in the early Han Dynasty was relatively poor, and the country and the people were financially poor. The country and the people all hope that there will be a peaceful environment, where the people can recuperate, resume production and rebuild their homeland, and the country needs a peaceful world to adjust the social structure and establish an orderly society.
The Taoists ruled for more than forty years, the country successfully survived the crisis, and the people had money. At this time, Confucianism began to influence the upper class of the Han Dynasty with the overall advantage of serving the rulers.
It is too difficult for the Taoists to rule by inaction, and it is too difficult for you to ask an emperor to do nothing! Everything is still and deep, too hard! Everything is handed over to the old man of time, so what am I going to do?
I am the Chosen Son, the Heaven and the Earth, and I am the only one!
I am an extraordinary person, and nature also has otherworldly powers!
After Emperor Jing came to power, he was not willing to be ordinary and always thought about what to do. So Emperor Jing, who had just succeeded to the throne, set out to do two major things, one was to restore the land rent, and the other was to cut the domain.
On the one hand, the restoration of the land tax is a correction of the mistakes made by Emperor Wen in principle and increases the fault tolerance rate of the Han Empire.
Although the Han Jing Emperor collected taxes, he only collected a symbolic point, stipulating the land tax as thirty taxes and one tax, and such a low tax rate continued until the last year of the Western Han Dynasty.
On the other hand, Emperor Jing began his own thunderbolt tactics.
In the second year of Emperor Jing's reign, in 155 BC, Chao erroneously stated the sins of the princes again to Emperor Jing, requesting that the fiefs be reduced and the side counties be reclaimed.
In the winter of the following year, when the King of Chu came to the court, Chao mistakenly took the opportunity to say that when Liu Peng, the king of Chu, was serving the funeral of Empress Bo, he secretly committed adultery and requested that he be killed, and Emperor Jing issued an edict pardoning the capital crime and reducing Donghai County as punishment.
Subsequently, the princes were implicated on various charges and subjected to various slashes, with Liu Sui, the king of Zhao, guilty and stripped of his Hejian County; Liu Ang, the king of Jiaoxi, cut down six of his counties for cheating in selling his title.
Such thunderous actions shook the nations.
All the princely states realized that this Jing Emperor was even more ruthless than his father, and his father was the only one who was unhappy about "rebuilding the princes", and now this boy wanted a pot of ends!
At this time, among the princes, Liu Hao, the king of Wu, who had the highest generation, the oldest age, and the strongest strength, jumped out and began to take the initiative to contact the princes and plan a rebellion. Why did Liu Tao toss so happily?
Mainly Liu Hao and the Han Jing Emperor Liu Qi had the ugliness of killing their sons. Liu Xian, the former crown prince of the State of Wu, when he entered the palace to pay homage to Emperor Wen, once played chess with Liu Qi, who was still the crown prince at the time, but Liu Qi played, but after the two fell out, a chessboard shot Liu Xian to death.
Emperor Wen then ordered the body to be sent back to the State of Wu for burial, and when the corpse team arrived in the State of Wu, Liu Hao was furious: "The whole world is the Liu family, and wherever you die, you will be buried wherever you die!" Why send it back! "The recipient did not sign for the receipt, and the corpse delivery team could only turn around and return to Chang'an."
Prince Wu guo was shot to death by the prince of the Han Dynasty, and this hatred liu Hao could only endure, but from then on he did not abide by the princes' etiquette for the son of heaven and never went to Chang'an to worship again.
Liu Hao's blatant disobedience was very bad, and Emperor Wen knew that he was wrong, but only symbolically punished the envoys of the State of Wu, and at the same time gave Liu Hao, the king of Wu, several cases and a cane, expressing sympathy for his old age and the possibility of no longer making pilgrimages. In addition, Liu Hao minted coins and salted in the State of Wu, and Emperor Wen also turned a blind eye, and the State of Wu became very strong during the reign of Emperor Wen, and Liu Hao did not forget Liu Qi's revenge for killing his son and had been waiting for an opportunity to take revenge.
The Han Jing Emperor's blatant slashing of the domain this time made Liu Hao see the hope of successful revenge. Emperor Jing's "promising" move moved the cake of all the princely states and once again unified the interest groups of all the princely states from the inside out.
Liu Hao, as the most vocal of all the princes, under the joint hatred of the state and the family, personally sent an envoy to Jiaoxi, and agreed with Liu Ang, the king of Jiaoxi, to oppose the Han, and after the incident, Wu and Jiaoxi divided the world and ruled. At the same time, Liu Tao, the king of Wu, sent people to the states of Chu, Zhao, and Huainan to conspire to raise an army. Liu Ang was not idle, and he and his brother, the other kings of the old land of the State of Qi, met against the Han. These princes who had been swept through the wool by the Jingdi clique formed the "Avengers Alliance", and the Undercurrent of the Han Dynasty at this time was surging.
Soon, Emperor Jing detonated the undercurrent and sent down an edict to cut down The Yuzhang Commandery and Huiji Commandery (会稽郡) of Liu Hao, the King of Wu.
When the edict reached the State of Wu, Liu Hao, the King of Wu, immediately killed the officials under 2,000 stones placed by the central government in the territory of the State of Wu, which was considered to have emptied the treacherous spies of the imperial court in the State of Wu, and joined forces with the princes of the six kingdoms, including Liu Peng the King of Chu, Liu Sui the King of Zhao, Liu Peiguang the King of Jinan, Liu Xian the King of Zichuan, Liu Ang the King of Jiaoxi, and Liu Xiongqu the King of Jiaodong, who openly rebelled. He also sent people to collude with the Xiongnu, Eastern Yue, and Minyue nobles, and in the name of "please blame chao, on the side of the Qing Emperor", they raised troops to the west, igniting the famous "Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms" in history.
Emperor Jing heard that the cutting of the domain had given people a sharp eye, and some of them were unexpected, so why did they dare to oppose it? Every bear child didn't think about how big the disaster would be before he got into trouble.