In fact, the most famous poets of the Song Dynasty are: Mei Yaochen, Su Shi, Lu You, Yang Wanli and several others.
Perhaps the name of Yang Wanli's poet is not unfamiliar to you, and his poems "Little Lotus Shows Sharp Horns, Dragonflies Stand on The Head" "The Lotus Leaves are Infinitely Blue, the Lotus Flowers are Different red", "Children rush to chase yellow butterflies, fly into cauliflower and look nowhere" are also what we have learned since elementary school.
Most of Yang Wanli's poems are full of life's leisure, creating his own "sincere body", which makes people feel like a comfortable pastoral poet, but is this really the case? Do you understand the tearful life of Yang Wanli, a generation of poets and the four great people of ZTE?
<h1 class="ql-align-justify" > first, lost his mother at an early age, was a hero by his father, and studied hard</h1>
In the second year of Jing Kang, in 1127 AD, the Northern Song Dynasty was attacked by the Jin Dynasty, the Ersheng were taken captive, and the Northern Song Dynasty fell. It was in this year that a family in Jishui County, Jiangxi Province, that was not rich, gave birth to a generation of poets, Yang Wanli. In fact, in the Song Dynasty, Jiangxi contributed nearly half of the poets and politicians to the imperial court at that time, including Yan Shu, Yan Jidao, Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi, Huang Tingjian, Zeng Gong, Zhu Xi, and of course Yang Wanli.
Yang Wanli's father, very fond of reading, the family is not rich, but there are many books, the family has no money, but also to buy books to read. This subtly affected Yang Wanli. When he was eight years old, his mother died, and Yang Wanli, under the influence of his father, was widely knowledgeable and studied hard. Of course, since the ancient sages, great poets, politicians, are to be honed in every way to become talented, Yang Wanli is no exception, 23 years old to the Ministry of Etiquette examination, unfortunately fell off the list, four years later to continue the examination, and finally entered the army and the first.
<h1 class="ql-align-justify" > second, the first entry into the career, the enlightenment of a good teacher, and the determination to serve the country</h1>
After entering the army, he was assigned to Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, as a sihu to join the army, that is, the local grass-roots civil servant in charge of household registration and taxation, this year Yang Wanli was 29 years old. At this time, his father still took him to visit local celebrities including: Wang Tingjue, Zhang Jiucheng, Hu Quan and other celebrities, of which Wang Tingjue was also a native of Jizhou, Jiangxi, an important poet at the turn of the two Song Dynasties, with a straight personality, the main battle against gold, and the achievement of poetry was extremely high, such as this poem:
Spring into the West Garden, several heavy flowers outside the Red Building. Leaning on the golden green.
People are in non-smoke. When the wind and moon are good, Peng Island opens the flat land.
Singing boiling. Paint bridge light city. A night of horror.
The teachings of these predecessors made Yang Wanli pay more attention to the rise and fall of the country, determined to serve the country and the country, and never flattered and flattered, and was alone.
Shortly after in Ganzhou, Jiangxi, Yang Wanli was transferred to Yongzhou, where Liu Zongyuan had stayed. At that time, it was also coincidental that Zhang Jun, the face of zhongxing who was the main war against Jin, also resigned from yongzhou because he advocated resisting jin. After many requests to see him, he was finally able to see him under the recommendation of Zhang Jun's son, Zhang Nanxuan, the head of Yuelu Academy. Soon after that, Yang Wanli, who had recently joined the army, was greatly encouraged in his heart, and his ambition to serve the country and the state was even firmer.
<h1 class="ql-align-justify" > three, eunuch sea ups and downs, undiminished blood, several times offended Emperor Xiaozong and his courtiers</h1>
Soon after, in Lin'an, Emperor Gaozong of Song ascended the throne at Zhao Xuan, the most famous and virtuous emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty, Emperor Xiaozong of Song. At this time, the pattern of the imperial court changed greatly, Zhang Jun was once again summoned to Lin'an as the prime minister, and Yang Wanli, who had been in Yongzhou for 4 years, also got the opportunity to transfer to Lin'an, and also got Zhang Jun's recommendation, but unfortunately the timing was not coincidental, it was too late to take office, and the loving father who affected his life fell seriously ill and died soon after, according to the system at that time, he served at home for three years.
By the time Yang Wanli took office again, Zhang Jun had retired and returned home. Yang Wanli visited Yu Yunwen, a famous anti-Jin general at that time, and wrote a book entitled "Thousand Worries Strategy." In the past few years of mourning at home, Yang Wanli completed the "Thousand Worries Strategy", which were respectively from thirty articles on the lessons learned since Jing Kang, such as "The Way of the King", "The State Situation", "Governing the Origins", "Talents", "On The Phase", "On the Generals", "On the Soldiers", "On the Officials", "The Election of the Law", "Criminal Law", "Redundant Officials", and "Civil Affairs", comprehensively summed up the way of strengthening the country, was enthusiastic, and showed Yang Wanli's desire to serve the country, which was appreciated by Yu Yunwen.
In the blink of an eye, Yang Wanli, who was not confused, went through several twists and turns, and at the age of 43, he served as Fengxinzhi County of Longxing Province, and in just half a year, his political achievements were remarkable, so he was recommended by Yu Yunwen and was able to return to Beijing to take up his post.
During his tenure in Beijing, Zhang Jun's son Zhang Nanxuan offended Yu Yunwen and was expelled from Beijing, and Yang Wanli fought for his reasoning. In the next 17 years, he turned to Beijing, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Fujian and other places, and the highest official was the deputy director of the ministry.
After decades as an official, after facing the precarious situation and the ups and downs of the eunuch sea, Yang Wanli never forgot his original intention, and he argued on the basis of reason for the things he insisted on, repeatedly wrote to Song Xiaozong, stayed away from the traitorous ministers, and worked diligently for the government. However, it was precisely because Yang Wanli frequently wrote letters of advice for the country and his words directly offended Song Xiaozong.
Once, in March 1188, Emperor Xiaozong adopted the suggestion of the Hanlin scholar HongMai to accompany Lü Yihao and others to the temple of Emperor Gaozong. Yang Wanli strived to be the main warrior Zhang Jun, and accused Hong Mai of not being a gathering and arbitrariness, which was tantamount to "referring to deer as horses", which annoyed Emperor Xiaozong. Emperor Xiaozong said, "Why is the Lord like the Lord?" "Meaning, since Hong Mai is Zhao Gao, then I am Qin II?" Therefore, he learned from Yang Wanli from the position of Sipin's secretary and sent to Jiangxi.
In this way, Yang Wanli's original intention has not wavered in the slightest, and after he was reinstated as the Zhi Secret Cabinet at the age of 62, he still connected with sanzha, asking Guangzong to love talents, alienate traitors, and achieve "one day of diligence, two days of thrift, three days of interruption, four days of pro-gentleman, and five days of awards." He was dismissed a month later. The 63-year-old Yang Wanli was instructed to accompany Jin Guohe Zhengdan to return to the north, passing through Suzhou, and wrote "Boping River Hundred Flowers"
Wu Zhong's advantage is Suzhou, but it is for Wang Cheng to win the tour.
Hansei Sanjiang Five Lakes, 100 flowers for 10 years and 4 nights.
The shore and willows all know each other, and the clouds and mountains under their eyes are bitter.
There is no definite place for the lonely boat, this body is a lonely boat.
Yes, "Mo complains that the lonely boat has no fixed place, this body is a lonely boat", Yang Wanli's bumpy and wandering life, do not forget the ambition to serve the country, is not it just like a lonely boat?
<h1 class="ql-align-justify" >4, inability to return to heaven, resolute retreat, and pre-death letters</h1>
The 65-year-old Yang Wanli knew that he had repeatedly written to offend the powerful ministers and annoyed Emperor Xiaozong, and could not change the status quo, so he resigned his official post and returned to his hometown and went into hiding, isolated from the world.
After retirement, Yang Wanli was discouraged, but there was a lonely courage in his heart, and from time to time he lit a raging flame, making him hot and confused. He has always been concerned about the recent situation of Yang Wanli's border pass, who lives in seclusion at home, and he has always been concerned about the situation in the imperial court, with his belt gradually widening and his tea and dinner not thinking.
During this period, the imperial court summoned Yang Wanli to Beijing several times, and Yang Wanli knew that when the emperor Zaifu was arbitrary, narrow-minded, and had the action of the Northern Expedition, he had no intention of recovering the lost land, so Yang Wanli resigned.
Unexpectedly, the dictatorial and authoritarian Minister of State was still clamoring for the Northern Expedition, and he also had to use a 64-year-old poet to command the military with full authority. This word is also very familiar to everyone, he is the "dream back to blow the horn company camp" of the Xin abandoned disease.
At this time, Xin Abandoned Disease was already an advanced age of Flower Armor, without the aura of the protagonist of his youth, he had climbed the railing and sighed to himself, "By who asks, honest and old, can still eat or not", soon after, Xin Abandoned Disease died before he was rewarded under the serious illness, which made people sigh and sigh.
After Xin resigned from the imperial court due to serious illness, the imperial court arranged for other generals to resist the Jin Dynasty in the Northern Expedition, and the news reached Yang Wanli, who lived in seclusion at home, and the nearly 80-year-old scholar could no longer be calm.
The dying Yang Wanli stood up indignantly and wrote to the imperial court, and in this letter, he strongly condemned the behavior of the current minister who ignored the will of the people and insisted on going his own way.
"Han Nong's traitorous subjects, supreme power, mobilizing troops and cruel people, plotting danger and social justice, my head is as promised, there is no way to serve the country, only lonely anger!"
After writing this recital, he wrote a suicide note to arrange the aftermath and to be a farewell wife.
Soon after the pen was behind, he coughed incessantly, first his twilight eyes were like a torch, and then slowly faded down, and before he could reach the end of his life, Yang Wanli passed away suddenly, bidding farewell to the Great Song Dynasty and the people of Li Min, who had been involved for 80 years.
< h1 class="ql-align-justify" >5, Makoto Chiaki</h1>
Yang Wanli, who was once more than 65 years old, angrily asked to resign on the way home and wrote an interesting Song poem:
Two children in a leaf fishing boat, collecting and parking in the boat.
Strange life without rain are open umbrellas, not to cover the head is to make the wind.
The meaning of the poem is: there are two small children on a small fishing boat, and they put away the long penny of the punting boat and sit in the boat. No wonder they opened their umbrellas before it rained, not to cover the rain, but to use the umbrella as a sail to keep the ship going.
Yang Wanli, who is full of enthusiasm for serving the country, has been degraded countless times in his life, preferring to be disgusted by the emperor of the dynasty, and he refuses to compromise with his heart to serve the country, and he can also be touched by the cuteness of the children who "rush to chase the yellow butterfly" and "open their umbrellas without rain", such a life may be the "heart of the naked child" that makes future generations tearful and shining for thousands of years!