As the face value of spiders, the popularity of the bulbophyllaceae has risen in recent years. Its cute appearance and small number make it a representative of the gods in the mouths of amateurs (the harmful laboratory wants to find only mitochondrial DNA and there is no material... How mysterious is this spider?
The family Eresidae, named after its raised head ( also an important identifying feature ) :
Stegodyphus lineatus (Latreille, 1817)
Established in 1845 by Carl Ludwig Koch (1778 – 1857) (pictured below), the family currently has 97 species in 9 genera, most of which are distributed in Africa.
Although the Tamagos is a very small family of spiders, accounting for only 0.25% of the total number of spiders, its evolutionary status is extremely important:
The arrow is located in the middle group of simple genitalia (ghost spiders, etc.) transitioning into complex genitalia (garden spiders, bulbous spiders), so it has a very important position in the research, but there are too few domestic specimens to study its evolution in detail.
At present, there are 2 genera and 3 species recorded in China, which is too few compared to the global species, so I deduce that there must be new species to be discovered.
The domestic species records are as follows:
Eresus granosus Simon, 1895
Eresus kollari Rossi, 1846
胫穹蛛 Stegodyphus tibialis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869)
The first two belong to the genus Longtou Spider, whose male is commonly known in English as ladybird spiders, derived from its ladybird-like belly pattern, but in China, it is commonly known as four cakes or dice, and China's longhead spider is widely distributed, and almost the entire non-forest dry habitat in the north is distributed:
Above is the male Eresus kollari Rossi, 1846. The following figure is the female, relative to the male's gorgeous body color, the female is not proud, but because the female is digging a hole to live, the whereabouts are hidden, compared to the male's annual discovery of more than a dozen (most of them are found when the male goes out to mate), looking for female specimens In addition to the national eyeliner, it also requires sincere prayer. The surface hairs of females have a velvet texture, so with the exception of males of the genus Bulbophyllum, the rest of the family is often referred to as velvet spiders.
The mating hand drawing of the genus Bulbophyllum is a very accurate representation of the habitat of the Bulbophyllum:
As for stegodyphus tibialis, the tibialis is a different story (left female and right male). The first pair of males has tufts of hair on the shin nodes, hence the name. China is distributed in Yunnan, and Dali is the model origin:
Unlike the northern longhead spider, the dome spider prefers to live on shrubs (pigs on trees). Bernard DUPONT Photography:
They also have very interesting behaviors, the baby spider will feed on the mother spider after birth (presumably due to the female sex ratio of 4:1), and will experience 7-8 years of collective life before adulthood, the following picture shows the spider eating the mother spider and collective predation:
The small, round particles are the juvenile spiders
The remaining 7 genera (Adonea, Dorceus, Dresserus, Gandanameno, Loureedia, Paradonea, and Seothyra) are almost all distributed in Europe and Africa, and many of the records are only in the 20th century, and I only know that their nests are horseshoe-shaped, and the biology is unknown. So allow me to brush it up in the form of a running account:
Horseshoe nest
Genus Adonea
No ecological images have been found in the genus Dorceus...
Dresserus kannemeyeri
Genus Gandanameno
Paradonea genus
Seothyra genus
Finally, there is the genus Loureedia, which is responsible for the true-value of the face: