Astragalus is both a flower and a grass, but also a honey, belongs to the most important honey source plants, green manure crops and pastures, seeds can also be used to make medicinal materials, the whole body is a treasure. It is cultivated all over China, mostly on the slopes of mountains, streams and wet places between 400-3000 meters above sea level, and the general soil moisture and geographical conditions are good. Below I will briefly introduce the cultivation knowledge of astragalus.
Astragalus
First, the product introduction:
Asteraceae belongs to the legume family, biennial herbaceous plants, up to 30 cm tall, creeping and multi-branched, the petiole is shorter than the leaf shaft, the corolla is umbel-shaped purple or orange-yellow, the total inflorescence grows 5-10 flowers, the seeds are kidney-shaped, chestnut-brown, flowering from February to June, and fruiting from March to July.
Second, the breeding method:
1, astragalus planting requirements for the soil is not too strict, like warm and humid climate, in the soil fertile, loose places to grow the best, more suitable for soil pH is 5.5-7.5 between the growth. The sowing time of astragalus can be divided into spring and autumn, and the most suitable germination growth temperature is about 15 to 25 degrees, which is the fastest and most vigorous at this time.
2. The rhizobium of astragalus is a family of asteroids, and it is generally necessary to inoculate rhizobium in areas where astragalus has not been planted. Because it is not a permanent microbial flora of the soil, it is important to pay attention to this in those who have not been planted with astragalus. During the seedling period, the root system grows faster than above the bottom root, and the growth will be slower during the overwintering period, but don't worry, the upper growth will accelerate in the spring of the next year, and the root growth will be relatively stable.
Third, cultivation technology:
1, seed treatment: before planting, we must first treat the seeds well, if the seeds are not handled well, it will affect the germination and growth. Seeds should be selected in the weather is better, drying for 4 to 5 hours at noon, after drying, add fine sand to wipe the seeds, and wipe off the wax on the seed skin, thereby improving the water absorption and germination rate of the seeds. Then use 5% brine to select seeds to remove diseased and empty grains. Then put the seeds into the rotten rare human urine for about 8 hours, or put in 0.1-0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution for about 10 hours, both methods can be used, and finally fished out to dry, with calcium, magnesium and phosphorus fertilizer and seeds are sown after stirring.
2, timely sowing: the amount of sowing is generally 1.5-2 kg per mu, the sowing temperature should be grasped at about 15 degrees to 25 degrees, sowing over the seedlings are difficult to winter, sowing should be uniform, the amount should be quantitative according to the field, too much and too little will have some impact. After sowing, to moisturize and warm Astragalus, the straw can be directly covered to promote the growth of seedlings and other branches of the formation and development. Weeds should also be controlled so as not to compete with aster seedlings for nutrition. It is possible to choose to use high-efficiency cover grass to add 40-50 kg of spray to 40-50 kg of water during the two-leaf one-heart period.
3, planting management: purple cloud ying growth period to prevent flooding and drought, too much immersion will cause rotten buds and missing seedlings. Winter drought, drought during wintering can affect root growth. Therefore, during the management period, we must do a good job of trenching work to achieve the effect of smooth drainage and irrigation. Also rational fertilization, to see the seedling fertilization, generally after the emergence of seedlings can use about 250-300 kg of thin manure per mu, combined with drought-resistant watering fertilization, fertilization should be based on the amount of per mu, and the degree of growth of seedlings, so as to accelerate the rapid growth of seedlings.
4. Disease and pest control: the main pests and diseases of astragalus are "two diseases and three insects", namely thrips, sclerotium, leafminer flies, powdery mildew and aphids.
Diseases and insect pests generally spring will be heavier than winter, insect pests mostly appear during the flowering period, each pest has a different drug spray treatment, so in the later treatment period to combine the dosage of control as required, you can achieve the best effect.
Fourth, the use of value:
1, as green manure: astragalus because of its strong nitrogen fixation capacity, high utilization efficiency, is a very important green manure crop, in the plant decomposition and differentiation will stimulate a large amount of soil nitrogen, improve soil fertility, in the farmland ecosystem to maintain nitrogen cycle plays an important role in increasing the yield of green manure.
2, as a pasture: because the palatability of astragalus is better, the nutritional value is also higher, is used as a high-quality feed, the effect is good, the utilization rate is relatively high, for raising cattle, sheep, horses when feeding each time should not be too much, will cause bloating, bring discomfort to livestock.
3, as a source of honey: one of the honey source plants, astragalus itself has a natural fragrance, bright and sweet and is applied to the source of honey, nectar made into honey, pure natural, sweet, nutrient-rich is widely eaten.
In addition, astragalus also has some other blind swelling, sore throat cough, anti-wind diuretic and other auxiliary effects, is a good health care product. Astragalus can also be used in medicine, the medicinal value is extremely high, if you still want to know more about astragalus or other green manure, forage, lawn plant knowledge can pay attention to the seed help, every day there is a new knowledge to share, or the following message exchange!
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