Astragalus, also known as safflower grass, is an important green manure crop, its nitrogen fixation capacity is strong, the utilization efficiency is high, is the main winter special green manure planting crop in Nanning. Last year, the city planted 61,100 mu of special green manure, of which 55,300 mu were planted with Ziyun Yingda. At present, it has entered the planting and sowing period of astragalus, and the cultivation technology of late rice bottom sleeve planting astragalus is introduced as follows.
1. Seed treatment
It includes 5 links, including seed drying, seed selection, seed rubbing, soaking seed and seed mixing. Choose to dry seeds for 4 to 5 hours at noon on sunny days, select seeds with 5% brine, remove impurities, remove sclerotia, and improve seed quality; rub seeds according to the amount of seeds and add 1 to 2 times fine sand to improve the germination rate of seeds; use 20 to 30% of the urine of decomposed acquaintances to soak the seeds for 10 to 12 hours and then fish them out to dry and fertilize the seeds; mu use calcium, magnesium and phosphorus fertilizer to mix seeds with 8 to 9 kg to promote healthy growth at the seedling stage.
2. Sow seeds at the right time
Rice is sown one month before harvest, that is, the sowing ends in mid-to-late September, and the sowing amount is 1.5 to 2 kg per mu. Sow seeds in the morning after the dew has dried to avoid seeds sticking to the rice stems and leaves, affecting the seeds to fall into the mud. When sowing, the soil of the paddy field should be kept moist and strive to be uniform, which is conducive to early emergence, seedling emergence and more seedlings.
3. Drainage protection
Purple yunying is afraid of stains and drought. After the rice is harvested, it is necessary to open the "three ditches" (furrows, waist ditches, and enclosure ditches), and it is necessary to achieve the communication of ditches and ditches, drainage and irrigation freely, and keep the field surface moist without accumulating water. After entering the spring, the rainy days are frequent, if the ditch system is not smooth, the field water, it will affect the spring hair, for the ditch system blockage or unless ditched field, we must seize the time to clean up and dredge the ditch, to ensure that the drainage is smooth, so that the rain stops the ditch dry, the furrow surface does not have water, promote and accelerate the nutrient growth of green manure, improve biological yield.
4. Cover with straw
After the late rice harvest, it is covered with one-third of the straw so that the field can be protected (moisturized) and cold and frostproof, and the seedlings are promoted and the seedlings are strong, laying the foundation for high yields.
5. Scientific fertilization
Although green manure has a good nitrogen fixation effect, it is also necessary to supplement appropriate nutrients for its growth, apply fertilizer in time, promote the early occurrence of green manure and seize high yield, and achieve the purpose of "raising large fertilizer with small fertilizer". After the spring warmth, the stems and leaves of Ziyunying grow rapidly, and the fertilizer needs to be large, and the fertilizer should be applied in time. Spring fertilizer application period in late February or early March, mu application of urea 2.5 ~ 3 kg, potassium chloride 3 ~ 4 kg, grass and wood ash 100 ~ 200 kg; supplementary micro-fertilizer, aster application of boron, molybdenum and other trace element fertilizer has a good effect, especially the effect of planting the field is better. The application method is mainly foliar spraying, and the spraying period is suitable for mid-to-late March. Spray concentration: borax is 0.1 to 0.15% solution, ammonium molybdate is 0.05% solution.
6. Disease prevention and treatment of insects
There are many kinds of astragalus diseases and insect pests, and the "two diseases and two insects" that have a greater impact on production are powdery mildew, sclerotia and thrips and leafminer flies. Diseases can be controlled with tolbutzin or carbendazim; pests can be controlled with imidacloprid.
7. Harvest and utilize
The use of purple cloud ying mainly includes the forms of ploughing and pressing green, returning the abdomen to the field, and storing feed. It is necessary to comprehensively consider the arrangement of crop stubble, adapt measures to local conditions, and make comprehensive use of them. Our city is mainly to plough and press the green to return to the field, generally to the purple cloud ying flowering period to turn the plough is appropriate, the amount of grass per mu of 1500 kg is good, the excess part is moved out of Honda for use. When pressing green, a certain amount of fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer should be applied, and the effect is better.
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Source: Text/Nanning Soil and Fertilizer Workstation Figure/Comprehensive Finishing
Editor: Nanning Agricultural Information Center
Legal counsel unit: Guangxi Fayan Law Firm
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