The Voice of China specially curated "Mister" to pay tribute to the masters who nourished the atmosphere with virtue, and leave traces of their achievements and cultivation. Today (6th) launched "Xu Zuyan: To Be a Strategic Scientist".
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Xu Zuyan: "How can life be more satisfying, everything is only half satisfied", in fact, "half satisfied" is "half satisfied" after hard work, and it is very good to be able to achieve "half satisfied".
Academician Xu Zuyan
Xu Zuyan, born in February 1940 in Qionglai, Sichuan, is an expert in laser technology and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He invented a variety of laser wavelength control technologies to achieve wide tuned laser output from deep ultraviolet to mid-infrared bands; With his efforts, the mainland has become the only country in the world that can develop practical and precise deep ultraviolet all-solid-state laser sources, opening up a new field of advanced scientific instruments in the deep ultraviolet band. He led the team to take the lead in realizing red, green and blue three-color all-solid-state laser projection display in China, and promoted the development of large color gamut display technology in mainland China. His outstanding achievements in the field of laser display have fulfilled the Chinese dream of Chinese watching Chinese TV. Because of its important contributions to the development and application of high-tech industries and high-tech equipment in mainland China, it has won many honors such as the National Invention Award and the National Science and Technology Progress Award.
The closing ceremony of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics staged "Folding Willows", and the big trees formed by the laser beam reached to the sky
In ancient China, the send-off person would often fold a willow branch to send to relatives and friends who traveled far away, and folding the willow became a unique way of farewell with oriental cultural charm. At the closing ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics, a performance of "folding willows and sending affection" was amazing. A "towering tree" composed of lasers rises from the center of the stage, which not only shows the Chinese parting romance to the fullest, but also allows the world to see the progress and innovation of China's science and technology. The "true laser" technology independently developed by the mainland applied to this "big tree" is the result of Xu Zuyan's tireless "chasing light" for more than 60 years.
Xu Zuyan: The world's first engineering prototype was made by us, and the first product prototype and the first product were also made by us.
At noon, the display effect of the three-color laser TV developed by Xu Zuyan's team on ordinary walls
Walking into Xu Zuyan's office, the reporter was immediately attracted by a brightly colored three-color laser TV. Even though it is only projected on the ordinary wall, the details of the flora, fauna, and buildings are revealed, making you feel as if you are in the middle of it.
Xu Zuyan: In the same area, the same brightness is seen by human eyes, and half of the energy is saved. Generally, the laser will not be attenuated, even if the attenuation is slightly increased and the current is over.
Academician Xu Zuyan (holding a group photo of the capital's optical community to commemorate the centenary of Mr. Wang Daheng's birth)
Although he is 84 years old, he is tired and bent over, has difficulty walking, and suffers from glaucoma, which causes double vision...... Xu Zuyan still comes to the office on time every working day to "check in". He said that because it is not easy, he cherishes it.
Xu Zuyan: I often sit on the bench and say that if I do something today, I have to find something to come out, and if I don't do it, I will panic. I just grew up in a small city in Qionglai, I had the Communist Party, and after the founding of New China, I came to Beijing from a small county, so I cherish it very much.
The memories of the war in his childhood made Xu Zuyan unforgettable. But it was during these turbulent years that the seeds of his curiosity about science began to be sown in his heart.
Xu Zuyan: At that time, schools were closed, so I stayed at home. I remember vividly the "Enlightened Boy" (periodical), where I learned what the sound barrier and thermal barrier of an airplane meant. There's also a very thick book with a lot of pictures of birds, and from there you can know Darwin's theory of evolution and why birds survive - survival of the fittest. At that time, there were a lot of problems in the brain.
Vernacular journal "Enlightened Youth".
In September 1958, the founding and opening ceremony of the University of Science and Technology of China was held, and Xu Zuyan became the first student of this new university with excellent results. Here, Xu Zuyan met the leader of his future life, and since then he has closely linked his personal destiny with the development of the country.
Xu Zuyan: Mr. Qian Linzhao lectured on mechanics, and Mr. Wu Youxun lectured on electromagnetism. I studied lasers because in 1960 the United States Meiman invented the ruby laser, I was brought to the laser field by my enlightenment teacher Chen Chunxian, Chen Chunxian began to study ruby lasers in the Institute of Physics, which was at the forefront at that time.
In the 60s of the 20th century, Xu Zuyan in college
In the early 60s of the 20th century, Xu Zuyan entered the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences after graduation and began the arduous road of laser research. In the laboratory, it is hot in summer and cold in winter, listening to birdsong during the day and crickets singing at night; But what is even more difficult is that the blockade of foreign technology and the lack of domestic materials have to solve the problem of research equipment by themselves.
Xu Zuyan: At that time, I couldn't find the capacitors for the laser, so I found the power capacitors, which were probably so tall and piled up to the size of this house, and they were piled up. Experienced teachers told me that if a capacitor is broken through and explodes, it is more than the thermal energy of several grenades. I rolled it so long with paper and chopsticks, and pulled a copper wire in it and filled it with sand, which became a fuse. There is a pepper tree outside the yard, and when I am sleepy, I run out, pick some pepper leaves, green peppercorns, and take a bite, and wake up a little.
In 1960, United States Meyman invented the world's first ruby laser
Just a year later, Xu Zuyan used two 1-meter-long ruby crystals to generate a 3,000-joule laser pulse to penetrate a 1-centimeter-thick steel plate, and then achieved a 500-megawatt giant pulse output, using a 5-centimeter lens to focus ionization to break through the air and produce plasma lines.
Xu Zuyan: Laser has three major characteristics, one is that the directionality is very good, the earth to the moon is 300,000 kilometers, from the earth to the moon, the spot is only one kilometer; second, its strength is very strong, a pulse can punch through a centimeter-thick steel plate; Another is that the spectrum is very simple, and the spectral width is very narrow.
Since the 20th century, after atomic energy, computers, and semiconductors, the laser is another major invention of mankind, and is known as "the fastest knife", "the most accurate ruler" and "the brightest light". How to apply a good laser? Xu Zuyan has been trying.
Xu Zuyan: I was thinking about how to develop laser technology itself and how to develop laser applications, and finally came up with four supports - supporting the frontier exploration of science and technology, supporting high-tech industries, supporting national defense construction, and supporting people's lives and health. If you want to do it, you can do the whole chain, and it is really useful to the country and the people. In terms of high-tech industries, it is necessary to choose things that are very large-scale, and at that time I thought that TV was very large.
The prototype of the three-color laser TV product developed by the team of academician Xu Zuyan
Whether it is the black and white display technology in the 30s of the 20th century, the color display technology in the 50s, or the digital display technology that appeared later, it is the first foreign country to realize the principle of feasible, and the dream of Chinese to watch Chinese TV has not been realized. Xu Zuyan held his breath, we have to watch our own laser TV! Although this road to daring to be the first is full of thorns.
Xu Zuyan: At the end of the 70s, the Changchun Institute of Optics and Mechanics held a seminar, and the conclusion was that laser display technology could not be done. I'm not convinced, I think I've thought it through and should do it. There are also water armies that jump out and inexplicably attack this new technology and hurt their eyes, which makes no sense, and many things have come through in the middle of a difficult struggle. At first, it was bigger than this cabinet, but it was made after all! Start with a tunable solid-state laser, adjust it to the three wavelengths of red, green and blue, and turn out the short-wave blue light. In 2007, the world's first product prototype was made.
At the end of the 80s of the 20th century, Xu Zuyan turned his attention to high-average power solid-state lasers and tunable solid-state lasers
According to the report of China Electronics Standardization Institute, laser display technology has good comfort, reduces visual fatigue, and does not harm short-wave blue light. With the efforts of Xu Zuyan, mainland laser technology has entered the international leading ranks, and has the conditions for independent and controllable industrial development in key materials, components, patents, etc.
Xu Zuyan: In my life, I have done about three things in laser technology. One is a strong laser; One is the high-tech industry, which is laser display; Another thing is people's life and health, using laser display to solve the world problem of telemedicine, and developing telemedicine into laser telemedicine.
Nowadays,You can buy laser TVs on all major platforms,In the family、In the theater,Laser display technology shines。 But this is only a part of Xu Zuyan's scientific research field.
Xu Zuyan: Right now, our team is still exploring a very cutting-edge thing, using the speed of light and the time of the optical frequency scale to define the length. Our team has an internationally unique technology called deep ultraviolet, and now the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Commerce have also included this technology in the list of foreign embargoes.
The deep ultraviolet all-solid-state laser developed by Xu Zuyan's team was selected as one of China's top ten scientific and technological progress news in 2013
In the Applied Laser Laboratory of the Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xu Lao often appears (the picture shows a group photo of Academician Xu and the doctoral team)
In the field of lasers, the technology independently developed by the mainland has been side by side with the international and even leading the world, and Xu Zuyan is most concerned about the cultivation of high-end talents. He said that he hoped that young and middle-aged scientists would not become the "rich second generation" of scientific research, but would strive to become strategic scientists. Lying on the "merit book" of the predecessors and keeping the old book, sooner or later it will be eliminated by the times. Bi Yong, a researcher at the Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, lamented that as a student of Xu Lao, what he saw from his teacher was this kind of endless imagination for scientific research.
Bi Yong: For example, Mr. Xu even maintains a high interest in biology. In the process of technical development of deep ultraviolet solid-state lasers, he quickly captured the ability to carry out experimental measurements of physical problems such as the quantum tunneling effect of superconductivity, and he has paid attention to the application of laser display in the 70s of the 20th century. Our conditions are much better than a few decades ago, and we need to think more about directional work, such as making breakthroughs in key technologies related to laser technology and laser display technology to the field of health.
Academician Xu Zuyan interacted with young scientific and technological workers
Engaged in laser research for more than 60 years, Xu Zuyan has been the leader of the research team for more than 40 years, from the basic research in the upstream to the industrialization of the downstream, he has "done it all over", and his colleagues joked that he is "the most research team leader". However, Xu Zuyan did not regret it, he said that if he took on a bigger position, he would not be able to do these specific jobs, which was not what he wanted. Running for scientific research, Xu Zuyan laughed and said that what he lacks most is time, and even after work, hobbies such as cooking and fishing can be associated with scientific research in his place.
Xu Zuyan: I like fishing, hyperthyroidism is a very impatient temper, fishing practice temper. After looking at it for a while, my mind wandered, and I thought about all kinds of work. Engaging in scientific research and cooking seem to be incompatible, in fact, shredded radish is saturated sugar water used when mixing, and everything in the world is common. You can't keep thinking about one problem, you have to learn to switch.
When he was young, Xu Zuyan liked fishing, and he said, "You have to practice your temper"
[Reporter's Notes]
I am reporter Wang Zehua, and on the day I made an appointment with Academician Xu for an interview, it was unfortunately pouring rain. But he was still in the morning rush hour, staggering to the office on time. He said that he likes to sit on a hard bench the most because of the support in his waist; And laser is also a supporting technology, no matter how difficult it is, you have to do it yourself. He only fights the battle of preparation, overcomes the problem in the planning stage, and as long as it is implemented, he will rush to success. Although he is already a handful of years, he laughed and said that he should not be a "mascot" for scientific research, but should be a strategic scientist and a useful thing for the country. What impressed me the most in the interview was that Academician Xu mentioned many times that he had worked hard to chase the light all his life, and he only sought "half satisfaction". But I know that "semi-satisfied" is not because his standards for his career are discounted, but the peace of mind after doing his best, which is really hard-won.
After more than 60 years of chasing light and dreams, China's laser shines on the future
Producer丨Gao Yan
Planning丨Fan Xinzheng Xiao Yuan
Editor丨Fan Xinzheng
Reporter丨Wang Zehua
Broadcasting丨Wang Xian, Tang Ziwen
Audio Production丨Yang Chen
New Media丨Li Rui
Co-ordinator丨Li Hang
Video director丨Zhou Xinping
Camera丨Li Xiangwei
Video Editing Production丨Zhou Xinping
Packaging design丨Cao Yixin
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