Author: Rufeng Jun Source: Rufeng everyone (ID: rufengdajia)
Knowing it tacitly, never getting tired of learning, and never tirelessly teaching people.
Confucius was the first civilian educator in China.
He not only cultivated a large number of talents, but also created a very complete educational ideological system, many of which are worth learning and absorbing.
September 10th is Teacher's Day, let us revisit the 10 words of Confucius, respect the teacher's way, respect the teacher's virtue, and read the teacher's kindness.
There is no class to teach
Zi said: "There is no class in teaching."
Regardless of wealth, status, occupation, wisdom or ignorance, they can all receive equal education.
Education is not about buying groceries, you have to pick and choose, but it is a kind of enlightenment for all.
Confucius said: "I have not tasted no teachings in self-cultivation. ”
No matter who you are, as long as you have a dried meat apprentice, I will accept him as a disciple and try to teach him.
In the "Three Character Classic", it says: "Sex is similar, but Xi is far away." ”
Everyone is actually born with the same heart, but it is different because of the acquired education.
So as long as you are willing to educate with your heart, then there is not much difference between people.
It can be said that Confucius's education method broke the monopoly of the aristocracy on education at that time, and it was the earliest educational fairness in China.
Individualized
Since there is no class in teaching, there must be many differences in the level of students, which also puts forward higher requirements for teachers.
Different students, different personalities, different qualifications, and different teaching methods are also required.
Zilu asked Confucius, "Should you do it if you hear it?"
Confucius replied, "If there is a father and brother in the family, how can you do it as soon as you hear it?"
Ran You asked, "Should I do it if I hear it?"
Confucius replied, "If you hear it, you should do it."
Faced with the same question, Confucius gave a different answer.
Confucius believed that Ran Qiu always retreated from doing things, so he should be encouraged to do it bravely;
Nakayu's courage is superhuman, so you have to limit him from being too brave.
Teachers should start from the actual situation of students, and the education should be targeted, so that students can develop their strengths and avoid weaknesses and achieve the best development.
Nowadays, many children who are partial to the subject often cannot be well developed, which is not enough for us to "teach students according to their aptitude".
Apply
Zi said: "Reciting three hundred poems, giving them government, but not reaching; It can be used in all directions, and cannot be specialized. Although there are many, do you think so? ”
Confucius said: "I memorize the three hundred poems very well, let him handle government affairs, but he can't do things; Let him be a diplomatic envoy and cannot negotiate independently; What's the use of reading a lot?"
Wang Yangming said: the unity of knowledge and action.
Just knowing but not acting is the same as not knowing.
Only by constantly practicing in learning and understanding in practice can a person truly learn and succeed.
The Analects begins with the words: "Isn't it fun to learn and learn it?" ”
Isn't it a very happy thing to learn and practice alone?
Learning is not only to think, but also to know how to apply, only by learning to apply practice, a person can be regarded as truly understanding and truly understanding.
The purpose of education is not to cultivate nerds, but to cultivate those who are united in knowledge and action, and who are beneficial to society and themselves.
Self-cultivation and prudence
Zi said: "A gentleman has no food to eat, no shelter to seek peace, is sensitive to things and cautious in words, and has the right way." It's easy to learn. ”
People who are really studious will not care about food and daily life, but work hard, speak carefully, and correct mistakes as soon as possible.
Teachers often have more moral requirements.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, Yang Hu was in power, and Confucius was very uninterested in this person.
But Yang Hu repeatedly came to visit Confucius, and even once threw down the gift and ran away.
Confucius had no choice but to return the gift, but he deliberately chose a day when he was not at home to avoid associating with Yanghu.
The kind of person a person associates with, the kind of person he becomes.
A gentleman cultivates his province and does not work with people of poor character.
No matter what the situation, stick to your duty and constantly cultivate your own morality.
practice what you preach
In the Analects, it is said: "His body is upright, and he does not obey orders; His body is not right, although he does not obey orders".
If a person wants to be a teacher, he must set an example of a teacher.
If students are required to read more, they must read more books first.
Students are not allowed to indulge in games, and they should not take the lead in playing games in the first place.
The ancients said: "The peach and plum do not speak, and the next is its own."
True education is one tree shaking another, one cloud pushing another, one soul awakening another.
If you want to educate your children, you must lead by example, not just preach.
Teaching and learning go hand in hand
"The Book of Rites": "Learn and then know the insufficiency, teach and then know the difficulty." know the insufficiency, and then be able to self-reflective; Know the difficulty, and then be able to improve yourself. Therefore, it is said that teaching and learning are also mutually beneficial. ”
Confucius said: "Knowing it silently, never getting tired of learning, and never tiring of teaching." ”
Learning and teaching are indispensable, and only by never getting tired of learning can we have enough ability to teach people tirelessly.
The times are advancing, knowledge is updating, and a teacher can only better educate children if he keeps learning.
Confucius never stopped learning in his life, visited Lao Tzu three times for advice, repeatedly studied the Book of Changes, and the cowhide rope worn through bamboo slips was worn many times.
Good teachers know how to teach and learn from each other, and good teachers are generally well-educated.
Edutainment
Confucius said, "Those who know are not as good as those who are good, and those who are good are not as good as those who are happy." ”
A learned person is not as good as a person who likes to study, and a person who learns is not as good as a person who enjoys it.
Albert Einstein said that education should make all that is offered to the student receive as a precious gift, not as a difficult task. The gift here is that the student is open to knowledge.
Interest is always the best teacher, and only by reaping happiness in learning can children no longer regard learning as a burden.
Good teachers know how to arouse students' interest and make children fall in love with learning.
Draw inferences
Confucius once said: "If you are not angry, you will not be angry, you will not be angry, and if you do not take three corners against you, you will not recover." ”
When a student works hard and is in trouble, the teacher can help him to get twice the result with half the effort.
If you can't understand it, then it's more difficult.
Therefore, we should pay attention to the timing and method of real education, and we should not blindly "cramm" or "fill the classroom".
On the basis of students' full independent thinking, they should be inspired and enlightened, and teach others to fish, so as to draw inferences from others.
Moral education comes first
Confucius said: "When a disciple enters, he is filial, and when he goes out, he is cautious and faithful, and he loves the public, and he is kind and benevolent, and if he has spare strength, he will learn literature."
A child is filial, benevolent, sincere, and caring for others, and only when he or she does these things can he begin to learn cultural knowledge.
Character is always greater than ability.
No matter how strong a person's ability is, it is useless if he has a bad character.
The ancients said: "Have both ability and political integrity, and take virtue as the first." ”
Character can make up for the lack of ability, but ability can never make up for the defect of character.
Character is the foundation of a person's life, and it is a person's hardest hole card.
Happiness in poverty
Yan Hui, a disciple of Confucius: "A spoonful of food, a scoop of drink, in the alleys, people are unbearable, and they will not change their pleasures."
Yan Hui doesn't care much about diet and daily life, and he learns to farm every day and enjoys it.
Confucius himself traveled around the world and was besieged by the enemy.
In the midst of the chaos, he almost starved to death, but Confucius was not far from changing his ambitions.
In the face of students, they are also treated equally.
Zhuge Liang once said: If you are not indifferent, you will not have a clear ambition, and if you are not quiet, you will not be far-reaching.
A person can only focus on inner peace if he is not very glitzy and unexpected.
Education is not a profit-making profession, and teaching is not a profession that can be rich and rich.
If you choose this profession, you must give up the idea of being rich and rich, be indifferent to fame and fortune, and teach and preach.
"People can promote the Tao, not the Tao", stick to the right path, in order to pass on the fire, only in this way can the culture and civilization be passed on.
【Copyright Notice】The author of this article: Rufengjun, source: Rufeng everyone (ID: rufengdajia). The pictures in the article are from the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original author.