Lucid waters and lush mountains are used in a good way - the first batch of forest rights real estate certificates in our province were issued to households

Linxia Prefecture along the Taizi Mountain tourist channel, Erzi Dailiang Scenic Area has beautiful scenery. (Gansu Daily reporter Hong Wenquan)

In the past few days, Zhang Zhengpeng, a villager of Jiajiadun Village, Pingchuan Town, Linze County, Zhangye City, was full of joy, with the help of government departments, he and other six farmers replaced the "green book" forest right certificate in their hands with the "red skin" real estate certificate, which is the first batch of forest right real estate certificates issued since the province carried out the solution of the historical problems of forest right registration and accelerated the promotion of the pilot work of forest right real estate registration and issuance.

"Since then, our timber land has been a real estate property for 70 years, just like real estate." Zhang Zhengpeng said happily that the deepening of forest tenure reform has made the scope and area of their forest land clearer, and most importantly, they can go to the bank directly as collateral for loans if they have a need for funds in agricultural production.

The reform of the collective forest tenure system is of great significance for consolidating and improving the rural property rights system, promoting farmers' employment and income, building ecological civilization, and promoting green development. Since the beginning of this year, the General Office of the Gansu Provincial Party Committee and the General Office of the Provincial Government have issued the "Implementation Plan for Deepening the Reform of the Collective Forest Tenure System", and carried out pilot work in 12 counties (districts) in the province. Each pilot area has actively explored and practiced in combination with the actual situation, and summed up a number of operable, replicable and generalizable experience models.

Find out the family background and carry out the reform of the system first

Sorting out the bottom number of collective forest land in the province is the basis for deepening the reform of the collective forest tenure system and promoting the separation of "three rights". The forestry and grassland system of the province has carefully sorted out the area of collective forest land in accordance with the data of "three adjustments" and the results of the annual forest and grassland wetland survey, and has found out the area of collective forest land through file verification and field survey, which has laid a good foundation for the acceleration of the separation of "three rights".

As a pilot county for deepening the reform of the collective forest tenure system in the province, Linze County has focused on the implementation of the "three rights" separation of collective forest land, promoting the moderate scale management of collective forest land, improving the forest management system, ensuring the ownership of forest trees, and improving the multi-service mechanism. In accordance with the principle of demonstration and guidance, first easy and then difficult, and comprehensive advancement, Shuangquan Village, Tatequan Town, Guzhai Village, Yanuan Town, and Friendship Village of Banqiao Town were determined as the pilot villages for this clean-up standard.

"Finding out the bottom number, establishing accounts, confirming attributes, and verifying the current situation are the primary working principles." Gu Xuejin, a cadre of the Linze County Real Estate Registration Center, said that now, 6,200 forest rights files have been identified in the local area, and 4,369 pieces of data and information have been integrated and transferred, which has effectively promoted the integration of real estate registration data.

In order to efficiently promote the pilot work, the Provincial Forestry and Grassland Bureau issued the "Pilot Work Plan", arranged the deployment of the province's pilot work, and the pilot counties (districts) and cities (prefectures) have set up a special class for deepening the reform of the collective forest tenure system headed by the municipal government, and the pilot work in the province was carried out in an orderly manner.

Anding District, Dingxi City, through field investigation and internal verification, has formed a set of technical regulations of "one inspection, two verifications and three landings", comprehensively investigated the base number of forest reform, accurately verified the forest reform data, and worked together to complete the above map, and comprehensively sorted out the problems such as the inconsistency between the area of forest tenure certificates and the field, multiple certificates in one place, and repeated registration.

Solving Difficult Problems The right to forests and grasslands is based on rules and regulations

The cadastral survey of forest rights is the main means to determine land ownership and clarify property rights in the process of forest right real estate registration, and is an important basis for standardizing the registration of forest rights. However, in practice, due to historical reasons and technical standards in different periods, most of the forest tenure real estate has problems such as vague boundary markings and difficult field surveys.

"At the beginning of the reform of the main body of collective forest rights, many of the forest lands divided into forests and households had problems such as inaccurate area, overlapping land types, and unclear boundaries." Yan Tianhu, a cadre of the Linze County Natural Resources Bureau, said that the primary task of deepening the reform of the collective forest tenure system is to solve the fundamental problem of "forest land is forest land, cultivated land is cultivated land, and grassland is grassland".

The Provincial Forestry and Grassland Bureau takes the integration of forest right stock data as the main line and the resolution of historical problems as the starting point, guides the pilot counties (districts) to implement policies according to local conditions and classification, accurately grasps the requirements of laws, regulations and policies in different periods, and properly resolves historical problems in accordance with laws and regulations on the premise of respecting history and the wishes of the masses.

Jingchuan County, Pingliang City, combined with the actual situation of the county, made a comprehensive study and judgment on five types of problems, such as the overlapping of forest land ownership and the inconsistency between the village boundary and the actual situation, and put forward specific solutions.

In accordance with the principle of "overall stability, shelving disputes, and steadily advancing", Anding District of Dingxi City has formed a set of solutions for difficult points and rectification, and has established a problem ledger by summarizing and sorting out common problems, establishing problem ledgers village by village, and clarifying rectification measures, rectification time limits, and rectification responsibilities, effectively resolving all kinds of forest rights disputes and forest land disputes, and promoting the implementation of forest reform work.

In accordance with the principle of "respecting history, taking care of reality, and classifying policies", Linze County adopts the method of "dividing shares without dividing land and distributing profits without dividing forests", and the confirmation results of natural resources, agriculture and rural departments and the confirmation opinions of relevant village committees and rights holders are resolved to resolve the historical problems such as the ambiguity and overlapping ownership in the last round of forest reform.

In order to effectively solve the problems of long period, high difficulty and low accuracy in the traditional demarcation method, some pilot counties (districts) hired professional third-party surveying and mapping agencies to survey the collective forest land of the pilot villages, and corrected the problems of overlapping ownership, false area, and inaccurate land type one by one, and superimposed the forest right parcel graphics with high-definition image maps, topographic maps, ecological red line maps, and national "three adjustments" results by adopting the method of "image interpretation + field investigation", so as to assist in the work of forest right demarcation. It greatly shortens the cadastral survey time of forest rights.

Activate the power of the healthy development of the understory economy

The comprehensive inclusion of forest right registration in the real estate registration system is not only conducive to protecting the legitimate rights and interests of forest right holders in accordance with the law, but also conducive to promoting the rational circulation of forest land contract management rights and forest tree ownership, and helping the development of forestry ecological industry in the province.

In recent years, Gansu has innovated development ideas, practiced the concept of green development, unremittingly grasped the economic development of the forest, the cultivation of family forest farms, the construction of forestry cooperatives, the mortgage of forest rights and the circulation of forest rights, actively "asked for food from the forest", continued to deepen the reform of the collective forest tenure system, and regarded the development of economic forest fruits and understory economic industry as an important measure to adjust the rural industrial structure and promote the increase of farmers' income, accelerate the development of the whole industrial chain, and constantly explore the realization path from lucid waters and lush mountains to gold and silver mountains.

All parts of the province should find the right starting point in combination with the actual situation, take the development of the underforest economy as an important starting point for deepening the collective forest reform and promoting the increase of farmers' income, and adhere to the combination of government promotion and market mechanism to develop the underforest economic industry.

Qingshui County, Tianshui City, in accordance with the work idea of "pilot demonstration, point to area, and steady progress", scientific planning, adapting measures to local conditions, giving full play to the resource advantages of pilot villages, accelerating the investment of forest land, cultivating new business entities, developing pine cone acquisition and primary processing industry and wild boar ecological stocking, signed 317 shareholding contracts, and transferred 7,086 acres of forest land.

Tianzhu County, Wuwei City, promotes the model of "village collective economic organizations + cooperatives + farmers" and "village collective economic organizations + enterprises + farmers", and encourages village collectives that have the ability to develop the forest economy.

Eight counties, including Jingchuan and Kangxian, and 29 new forestry management entities have been recognized by the National Forestry and Grassland Administration as national understory economic demonstration bases.

In 2023, the province will develop 4.61 million mu of understory planting, 2.03 million mu of understory breeding and utilization of forest land, 13 national and 41 provincial forestry leading enterprises respectively, 3,568 forestry professional cooperatives and 1,086 family forest farms will be cultivated, and the annual output value of the underforest economy will be 7.9 billion yuan. According to the "Gansu Provincial Economic and Industrial Development Plan (2023-2030)", the province's economic output value will reach 10.7 billion yuan by 2025 and 16.5 billion yuan by 2030.

According to the responsible comrade of the Reform and Development Department of the Provincial Forestry and Grassland Bureau, our province will give full play to the demonstration and leading role of the pilot counties (districts), replicate and promote the successful experience, activate the reform momentum of various places, promote the deepening of the reform of the collective forest tenure system in the province, and continuously broaden the transformation path of the "two mountains" to realize the organic unity of ecological beauty and people's wealth.