Li Bai's mention of "Jinling" in "Shang'an Prefecture Pei Chang History Book" is not a lie
Where is Li Taibai from, we now have several more reliable theories, Longxi people, Western Regions people, Shu people and Shandong people (the old Tang Dynasty records are basically unreliable). However, Li Bai once called himself "Bai's family Jinling, the world is the right surname" in the "Shang'an Prefecture Pei Chang History Book", Jinling in the Tang Dynasty generally refers to Jiankang, the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, according to which most people will feel that Li Bai may be climbing the geographical relationship when they see this, and regard this self-description as bragging, but looking down is confused.
"The world is the right surname" - if it is really Jinling of the Six Dynasties, the right surname should be Wang Yuhuan Xie of the Northern Scholars, and Gu Lu Zhu Zhang of the Jiangdong Scholars, even if Zhou Xi and other families are counted, there is no right surname of Li. If "the world is the right surname" and "the family Jinling" say two things respectively, it can be reluctantly explained, but it is difficult to say it later-"suffered from frustration and hardship, rushed to Xianqin, and lived in the family with officials". It is said that the Li Bai family was forced to move to Qin because of the persecution of Fuqu Mengxun, and moved because they were officials there.
This problem is big, Fuqu Mengxun is the ruler of Northern Liang after killing Duan Ye, Northern Liang later destroyed Later Liang, Southern Liang became the overlord of Liangzhou, although attached to Later Qin but did not have a direct war with Jinling in the south of the Yangtze River. If Li Bai lived in Jinling, what does it have to do with Fuqu Mengxun?
So let's first look at how this "Jinling" came about, in the "Book of Wei" and "Northern History" that wrote the history of the Northern Wei Dynasty, "Jinling" is mentioned in the "Jinling", such as "Dingxiang Jinling", "Jinling in the clouds", "Shengle Jinling" These "Jinling" do not refer to the Jiankang City of the Six Dynasties, but should be the cemetery of the Northern Wei royal family. In the "Northern History", there is "burial of Emperor Zhaocheng in Jinling", here Jinling is the cemetery of Tuoba Jue, and there is "(heir) car driving Jinling in Shengle", here is Tuoba heir to visit Tuoba Mausoleum, this is the Shengle Jinling of the Northern Wei Dynasty. Therefore, when Jinling is mentioned during the Six Dynasties, it is still necessary to judge it in combination with the context, and it does not necessarily refer to the capital of the dynasty.
Does Li Bai's Jinling refer to the Northern Wei Dynasty mausoleum? Not. This Jinling may be related to another name of a place name. From the end of the Western Jin Dynasty to the early period of the Sixteen Kingdoms, a Han regime was established in the northern Longxi and Hexi areas, and the former Liang State was established in the former Liang Dynasty. Due to the large number of people moving in from Hexi, the original four counties of the Han Dynasty were dismantled into more than ten counties, and when Zhang's Qianliang named the new county, L used the "Huiji" and "Jiankang" in Jiangnan as the county name. The Book of Wei recorded: "Zhang Jun (the fourth Liang lord) divided Wuwei, Wuxing, Xiping, Zhangye, Jiankang, Xihai, Huanghe, Jinxing, and Guanghe into eleven counties as Liangzhou." The name of Jiankang County in Hexi, which has the same name as Jiankang, the capital of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, began to appear in the history books.
What does Li Bai's so-called "world as the right surname" have to do with this "Jiankang County"? This is what Li Bai calls the Longxi Li clan of the Western Liang Kingdom, which has something to do with the "frustration and Mengxun difficulty" just mentioned. In the fourth year of Longan, Tang Yao, the Taishou of Jinchang in Beiliang, rebelled against Beiliang, and sent a message to Dunhuang, Jiuquan, Jinchang, Liangxing, Jiankang, and Qilian counties, and elected Li Wei as the champion general, Shazhou Thorn History, Liang Gong, and concurrently served as Dunhuang Taishou, which is the symbol of the establishment of Southern Liang in the Sixteen Kingdoms. Jiankang appeared here again, Li Wei as the representative of the Longxi Li family is indeed from the Qin and Han dynasties to the two Jin Dynasty are all family families, although the Li family is Tianshui Chengji for the county, the Sixteen Kingdoms and the Northern Wei Dynasty Jiankang County is also in the Hexi area, and Chengji Li's self-proclaimed county is not far away, Li Baizu on this branch can be traced back to the southern Liang of Hexi Jiankang County.
And about "suffering from frustration and suffering, rushing to Xianqin, and living in the house as an official" and the experience of the Li family in Longxi match. It is recorded in the "Wei Shu Tang He Biography" that "Li Wei of Longxi was destroyed in Dunhuang, and the Li family of Ningyi Prefecture was destroyed by Meng Xun, and he took refuge with his nephew Li Bao in Yiwu, and recruited more than 2,000 retainers in Yiwu, and Worm was the king of Yiwu." It is said that Tang He and Tang Qi entered Rouran in March of the tenth year of the Xuan Dynasty (421) due to the destruction of Nanliang, and defeated Xiliang Dunhuang Taishou Li Sui, destroyed Xiliang and slaughtered the city, and the Chengji Li clan encountered the biggest crisis. According to the records of the old and new Tang books, Li's Benqin is almost the same as what Li Bai said:
"New Tang Dynasty Book" contains: (Li) Xinsheng heavy ears, Wei Hongnong too shou. Heavy ears and hey, the general of Kinmen, was stationed in Wuchuan, because he stayed at home.
"Old Tang Book" contains: (Li) Xinsheng heavy ears, Shi Wei is Hongnong Taishou. Heavy ears and shengxi, for the general of Kinmen Town, leading the town of Wuchuan, because of the family.
Li Xin, the second lord of Nanliang, gave birth to a son Li Chong'er, and after the death of the country, he entered Wei and served as Hongnong Taishou, Hongnong County governed Qin and Han as Hangu Pass, and Lingbao in the Northern Wei Dynasty, which can be regarded as Xianqin. However, the later "Because of the Official Family" omitted the birthplace of the Li family - Wuchuan Town, one of the six towns of the Western Wei Dynasty. Li Chonger's son Li Xi has already gone to Wuchuan to lead the troops, and since then he has settled in Wuchuan, and only then has his descendant Li Tianxi, and then there is Li Hu of the Eight Pillars of the Western Wei Dynasty who has made all preparations for the Li family to come to the front of history. The reason why Li Bai did not mention Wuchuan was because the relationship between Li Bai and the Li Tang royal family stopped at Li Chonger's generation, and it was no longer in the same vein as Li Xi and Li Tianxi, and when he arrived in Wuchuan, it had nothing to do with the development of the Western Wei and Northern Zhou dynasties and the Sui and Tang dynasties and Li Hu's branch. In this way, although Li Bai is the Li family of Longxi, the "Tang" content of this layer of identity is not as good as Li He after Li Liang, the uncle of Li Yuan, who claims to be the "grandson of the kings of Tang".
In this way, it seems that Li Bai's claim that his ancestors came from Jiankang County in Hexi is still historical, but what he said is not Jiankang but Jinling, and it is no problem for Jiankang in the Southern Dynasty to be called Jinling, and it involves whether Jiankang County in Hexi can be called Jinling. Li Bai himself called Jinling an isolated evidence, let's see if there was still a Tang Dynasty or before that whether Jiankang County in Hexi was called Jinling. In the tenth year of Tang Xuanzong's middle school, the "Re-repair Guiyi Temple Tablet" is engraved with "Tianbao Sui (the last year of Tianbao), with An's chaos (An Lushan father and son rebelled against Tang), Jinling Shi (Jinling Shi Siming father and son returned to Shun), and was named the king of Yijun ......". According to this monument, the Jinling Shi clan is undoubtedly the county of Shi Siming's father and son. But is this Jinling related to Hexi Jiankang?
First of all, Shi Siming's background has nothing to do with Jiankang City in the south of the Yangtze River, and he and An Lushan are regarded as Ningyi Prefecture people in the Yingzhou Governor's Mansion in both the old and new Tang books. In fact, the two were only born here, and the two came from humble backgrounds, and they had no county hopes to speak of. It is very likely that the two of them took the initiative to recognize their ancestors with names and surnames after they made their fortunes, and Shi Siming (originally the Turkic surname Ashina) is likely to find the Shi family of Jiankang in Hexi to recognize their ancestors. Hexi Jiankang Shi clan in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Western Wei and Northern Zhou Dynasty for the local clan, Shi Ningyuan followed He Batsheng, in the Northern Zhou Dynasty successively served as Liangzhou Assassin Shi and Hussar General Kaifu Yi Tong three divisions. Shi Siming found a reliable relative after he was developed. When repairing the stele of Guiyi Temple, the Tang Dynasty recognized Shi Siming's identity as the Jiankang Shi clan, but in the Old Tang Book and the New Tang Dynasty, he changed him back to the Turkic race because of his status as a traitor, and belittled the traitor in the history books by being born in a miscellaneous Hu or a foreign race. The Jinling of the "Re-repair of the Guiyi Temple Tablet" corresponds to the Jiankang Shi in the "Book of Wei". Li Bai's home Jinling, it is very likely that he refers to the Sixteen Kingdoms to the Western Wei Dynasty to write about Jiankang County in Hexi.
In addition, the Jinling Shi clan in the Dream of Red Mansions may also come from here.
Chen Xijun works in Shanghai Public Security College, member of the Chinese Poetry Society, member of the Shanghai Poetry Society, author of "Poetry History of the Five Dynasties of the Late Tang Dynasty", poetry works and appreciation works are scattered in "Poetry Magazine", "Chinese Poetry", "Chinese Poetics", "Jing Bao", "China TV News" and other newspapers and magazines, has won the sixth season of the Chinese Poetry Conference, the champion of the Qixi special program, the People's Daily Ten Thousand Scrolls Poetry Expert, many times in China Education Television, Jiangsu Satellite TV and other TV programs and People's Daily humanities and history platform, CCTV, Sina Weibo, Tencent News, Douyin, Cloud Listening FM Himalaya and other new media platform cultural columns as cultural guests.
Editor/Zhang Xuefang Review/Xiaolou Listening to the Rain Proofreading/Feng Xiao