Author: Wang Haotian (Member of the Research Group of the Institute of Economic System and Management of the National Development and Reform Commission)
In May, the West Lake is clouded with smoke and rain, and tourists are weaving. Ten kilometers north, in Sandun Town, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, a lively symposium is underway.
This is the first stop of the "Urban Social Governance" research group of the Institute of Economic System and Management of the National Development and Reform Commission, and the experts participating in the research have a strong interest in the "smart governance" model of Sandun Town, which is a key move for the local government to break through the barriers between the department and the grass-roots level and form a linkage governance.
The Fourth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China clearly put forward the concept of "accelerating the modernization of urban social governance", and the concept of "urban social governance" appeared for the first time in the party's programmatic documents. The Fifth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China further proposed to "strengthen and innovate urban social governance and promote the modernization of urban social governance". The "urban social governance" is proposed precisely because the "urban area" has a role in the national governance system. It can be said that grasping the core link of "urban area" will play the effect of "one son falling and full of vitality".
Both the policy is out, and implementation is the key. On December 3, 2019, the National Work Conference on the Modernization of Urban Social Governance was held in Beijing, and the pilot work of urban social governance modernization was deployed and launched, and the first phase of the pilot was from 2020 to 2022. For a time, the pilot work was carried out innovatively in many cities.
Today, the first phase of the pilot is more than halfway through. How is it going? What are the lessons learned? From May to June 2021, the research team went to Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, qujing City, Yunnan Province, and other places to carry out relevant research with questions.
On April 28, 2021, the police chief of Ciqikou Police Station in Shapingba District, Chongqing City, and the police officers of Cijian Village and the deaf and dumb people exchanged views at the Cijian Village Community Police Office. Xinhua News Agency
1. Party building leads and unites all parties in social governance
Located south of the West Lake, Liuhe Pagoda is a cultural landmark in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. During the Northern Song Dynasty, it was built for the town tide and navigation, pinning the ancient people's beautiful yearning for peace.
Hangzhou has further learned from the Chinese "harmony culture" and explored the formation of a three-tier governance structure of the "Six Harmony Tower" with "party building and leadership" as the spire, "four supports" (socialization, rule of law, intelligence, and specialization) as the tower, "three-rule integration" (rule of law, rule by virtue, autonomy) and cultural guidance as the base of the tower.
"In recent years, Hangzhou has cohesively carried out the rectification of key issues, promoted the construction of contradiction mediation centers, built a digital rule of law system, and built a great peace pattern of co-construction, co-governance and sharing." Xu Ming, member of the Standing Committee of the Hangzhou Municipal Party Committee and secretary of the Political and Legal Committee, pointed out that as a super-large city with a management population of more than 10 million, the satisfaction rate of the people in Hangzhou in 2020 will reach 97.43%.
The effective operation of the governance structure is fundamental to the leadership of party building.
Colorful Community is located in Guali Town, Hangzhou, close to the airport and backed by the highway. Behind the convenient transportation, there is not only the sweetness of development, but also the "growing pains".
"As a typical representative of the satellite towns in Hangzhou's main urban area, Guali has a large population and a wide range of old residential areas." A person in charge of Guali Town said that the Colorful Community has a large number of foreign populations, difficult service supply, and difficult management, and it is urgent to carry out transformation and upgrading to respond to the expectations of the masses for a better life.
In 2019, the pilot work of creating future communities in Zhejiang Province was launched, and the Colorful Community became a typical future community project of the "Transformation and Reconstruction of Old Communities in Satellite Town".
In the transformation, the community explores the "party building leading + community autonomy" governance model based on big data. Adhere to the innovation of "government guidance, community wisdom governance, and residents' autonomy", rely on the community comprehensive data platform, encourage community residents to volunteer to participate, actively develop community foundations, community councils and other autonomous organizations, and form a smart governance system of co-construction, co-governance and sharing.
Today's colorful community, Area A has been built and put into operation, realizing the scene functions of transportation, cultural education, public services, smart governance, sports health, neighborhood sharing and other scenes to meet the residents' beautiful life, forming a standard community unit including open sharing and promoting community and neighborhood exchanges, accelerating the running towards the goal of "a model for the future community construction of small towns", and becoming an excellent example of urban social governance.
Taking party building as the command and giving full play to the party's political, organizational, and mass work advantages is the key to promoting the modernization of urban social governance.
2. Close to the people's hearts, self-management groups help communities "micro-governance"
One day in May this year, in the residents' council hall of The Guangda Huaide Community in Yuyang District, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, residents gathered together to carry out cultural and recreational activities, and Qin Lu sang majestically and powerfully.
Recalling the old appearance of the community, residents sighed with emotion: "In the past, the community was chaotic, the roads were broken, debris and wild advertisements could be seen everywhere, the health was not managed, and the parking was 'seeing the seams and inserting needles'. ”
The "three noes" environment with no property management, no competent department, and no physical defense has long been a long-standing and difficult problem that plagues the residents of old communities. Yuyang District of Yulin City explored the "micro-governance" autonomy mechanism of the "three noes" community, lowered the party organizations at the street and community levels to the "three noes" community, and established a community residents' party group.
With the residents' party group, the meeting of representatives of the residents of the community was held. A group of residents with high prestige, a strong sense of responsibility, and a sense of service to the people were elected and a self-management group for community residents was set up. The self-management group has become a platform and channel for residents to reflect on problems and consult and deliberate, and residents have truly become the main body for implementing "micro-governance" in the community.
"Yuyang District has comprehensively promoted the 'micro-governance' of more than 100 old communities, and effectively encouraged and guided residents to actively participate in the governance and participate in governance with the attitude of ownership through the formation of self-management groups, and created the communities that were unmanaged and unattended, complicated personnel, and concentrated contradictions into a beautiful home for co-construction, co-governance and sharing." Wang Yao, deputy secretary of the Yuyang District Political and Legal Committee, believes that the implementation of "micro-governance" projects should adhere to the residents as the center, and the residents' party groups and self-management groups should be based on the actual situation of the community, closely connect with the needs of residents, and accurately carry out services.
"The living environment has become beautiful, the security environment has become better, and the neighborhood relationship has become harmonious!" This is the biggest feeling of the residents of the community.
3. At the head of the tide of science and technology, promote intelligent and intelligent governance
"The overall wisdom governance model of 'cerebellum + hands and feet' not only breaks through the barriers between departments and grass-roots levels, forms online and offline interactions, but also provides accurate data analysis for prediction, early warning and prevention, and truly realizes the up-down integration and horizontal integration of governance resources." Yang Yang, director of the grassroots information command center in Sandun Town, Hangzhou, said.
What is the "cerebellum"? Compared with the "brain" of social governance in Hangzhou, Sandun Town has built an "integrated intelligent governance platform", forming a "cerebellum" through application modules such as smart party building and smart law enforcement, effectively improving governance efficiency. The "hands and feet" are formed by three teams: comprehensive management, contradiction mediation, and grid, and the tentacles of grass-roots governance are deeply rooted in village communities and communities.
After more than a year of practice, Sandun Town has achieved no major criminal cases, no major group incidents, no major fire safety production accidents, 119 fire alarms, criminal cases, "pornography, gambling and drugs" situation, and the number of letters and visits have dropped by more than 14% year-on-year, with obvious results.
Bao'an District is an economic, industrial and population region of Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, with an actual management population of about 5.5 million people, 720,000 commercial entities, many social governance points, long lines, wide coverage, large size, miscellaneous affairs, and the management and service force is stretched.
In the face of thousands of problems in management, big data is a good solution. Bao'an District assigns a unique code of 25 digits to each building and room, and establishes a unified address database covering the whole district. On this basis, the relevant data of the municipal and district departments and the data collected by the grid personnel are associated and compared, packaged into blocks, and then visited by the grid personnel, verified and updated, and the "block data" intelligent baseboard is formed.
At present, the "block data" intelligent baseboard has connected 66 functional departments such as public security, civil affairs, health and health, taxation, and social security in real time, accumulating more than 23 billion pieces of data, covering 5.63 million population information, 720,000 legal person information, and 175,000 building information. Relying on big data, Bao'an District provides comprehensive support for the realization of social governance "one-click know-it-all" and "knowing what is in mind".
On June 22, 2021, in Jinxi Community, Jinnan Street, Lin'an District, Hangzhou City, a resident (right) uses the mobile phone "e-wisdom" platform under the guidance of a staff member. Xinhua News Agency
4. Focus on the source, and move the risk prevention and control threshold forward
Gulou Community, Qilin District, Qujing City, Yunnan Province, is located in the middle of the urban area, close to the South City Gate Square, although the location advantage is obvious, but there are many back streets and alleys, more comprehensive markets, more mobile personnel, more old houses, complex residential groups, concentrated industry venues, once listed as a key rectification area of public security chaos.
In order to prevent and defuse risks, the community party committee has taken multiple measures at the same time and worked together to strengthen the "sealing and control management" of the source, concentrated on the "three investigations and four notices" action for rental houses, hotels and other places in the jurisdiction, signed the "Public Security Management Responsibility Letter" with the owners and operators, and strictly implemented the management responsibility of "one community cadre package and one police officer hanging" for key control targets.
"Through peak checks, group checks, wrong time checks, and linkage checks with neighboring units, problems are found and problems are handled in a timely manner." The relevant person in charge of the Gulou community said that the community plays a good emotional card for the contradictions and disputes that are easier to resolve, and the contradictions and disputes involving the professional field play a professional card, so as to nip the contradiction in the bud and enhance the effectiveness of mediation.
Nowadays, community criminal cases, public security cases, and contradictions and disputes have dropped by 39.3%, 62%, and 38.3% respectively year-on-year, and the sense of security and satisfaction of the masses has continued to increase, and the community of public security chaos has transformed into a civilized and harmonious community.
The survey found that since the pilot project of urban social governance modernization in 2020, the risk prevention and control capabilities of the pilot cities have been generally improved, the foundation of grass-roots governance has been further consolidated, the digital empowerment of social governance has been deepened, and the inherent vitality of social governance has been effectively stimulated.
"All localities have fully studied and implemented the spirit of the central government, combined with regional characteristics, made plans, produced policies, and sought practical results, and explored new ways to promote the modernization of urban social governance." Ji Pengcheng, a researcher at the Institute of Economic System and Management of the National Development and Reform Commission, said.
Guangming Daily ( 2021-08-21 07 edition)
Source: Guangming Network - Guangming Daily