Construction surveys

1. The role of construction surveying

【Formula】Manage and ensure quality and safety

Construction surveying is based on planning and design, which is an important means to ensure the quality and safety of engineering construction. The speed and quality of construction measurement have a crucial impact on engineering construction, which is an important task of engineering construction management and plays an important role in engineering construction.

2. The content of construction survey

【Formula】The pipe pile is completed by linear application

Construction surveying includes pile handover and line inspection, construction control survey, construction survey, deformation survey, as-built survey, underground pipeline survey, nail pile pay-off, detail lofting and other surveys.

3. Principles of construction surveying

【Formula】Overall control

Operators should follow the principle of "from the whole to the part, first control and then the details".

4. Characteristics of municipal public works construction surveying

[formula]: Penetrate the service and improve the completion test

The characteristics of municipal public works construction surveying are that it runs through the whole process of project implementation, serves every construction link, and the accuracy and progress of measurement directly affect the quality and progress of the entire project. In the stage of construction and operation management of municipal public facilities, it is necessary to observe the deformation of buildings (structures) and the surrounding environment to ensure the safety of engineering construction and use. The as-built survey provides basic data for the acceptance, operation management and expansion and transformation of municipal public works.

5. Preparation of construction survey

【Formula】Compile and check

(1) Before the construction survey, the construction survey plan should be prepared according to the design drawings, construction organization design and construction plan.

(2) Regularly calibrate the instrument to ensure that the instrument meets the specified accuracy requirements; The instrument used must be within the verification period and should have sufficient stability and accuracy to meet the needs of the measurement work.

(3) Before and after the measurement operation, the method of checking by different data collectors should be used to check the calculation process and calculation results of the data collected from the drawings and the measured data respectively, and the validity of the measurement results should be judged accordingly.

6. Basic provisions for construction surveying

【Formula】Joint test auxiliary map nucleus deployment

(1) In the process of comprehensive municipal infrastructure construction, when different design documents are used, the plane control network of relevant roads, bridges, pipelines and various structures should be tested after the construction control network is measured.

(2) The land occupation and demolition scope of the project should be checked, and the location of underground pipelines and other structures within the scope of the on-site construction scope should be marked. According to the established plane and elevation control network, the construction pile placement and pay-off measurement are carried out; When the project is large-scale or phased construction, auxiliary plane measurement baseline and elevation control piles should be set up to facilitate the construction and acceptance of the project.

(3) During the construction process, the measuring pile should be laid according to the requirements of the division (item) project, and the recovery and calibration of the control pile such as the middle pile and the central pile should be carried out in a timely manner according to the construction needs.

(4) The control pile of each key part should draw a plane location map of the pile, mark the number of the control pile, and indicate the corresponding data related to the pile. The positioning pile of a project and the distance from its corresponding structure should be consistent, and when it cannot be consistent, it must be accurately and clearly marked on the pile position

7. The operation requirements of construction surveying

【Formula】Human pile measurement and recording nuclear middle two

(1) Operators engaged in construction surveying shall be professionally trained and qualified, and shall be certified to work.

(2) The control pile used for construction survey should be protected, and the test should be checked frequently to keep it accurate. After rain, freeze-thaw period, or collision or damage, the test should be calibrated in time.

(3) The measurement records shall be filled in according to the regulations and kept in the order of numbering. The measurement record should be complete, the handwriting is clear and regular, and it is strictly forbidden to erase or alter, and if necessary, the diagonal line can be crossed out and corrected, but it shall not be copied.

(4) A measurement review system should be established.

(5) The engineering survey should take the neutral error as the standard to measure the surveying and mapping accuracy, and should take the double intermediate error as the limit error.

Yesterday口诀7/6

1. Construction of leachate collection and drainage system

【Formula】Pipe drain

2. Transportation and distribution of pebble pellets

【Formula】Repeat the number of shop sweeps

3. HDPE leachate collects five stages of hot melt connection of flower tubes

【Formula】Pre-absorption is cold

4. Flower tube hot melt process

【Formula】Cut the hot melt and butt cold

5. Key points of construction control of leachate collection and drainage system

【Formula】People walk the car material pipe

6. Safety and environmental monitoring

【Formula】The displacement of the body fluid of the dam mountain, the water vapor noise is dense.

Three days ago mantra 7/4

1. Experimental welding of HDPE film

【Formula】Man-machine is tested with the same supervision, and the sample is redone and filled

2. HDPE film production and welding

【Formula】Try to be wide and horizontal, human film box and bag seam, abrasive warm wind and rain, and fill in the standard and sign it clearly.

Seven days ago, mantra 6/30

1. What is a sanitary landfill for domestic waste?

【Formula】The membrane is set up

2. General provisions for sanitary landfills for domestic waste

【Formula】Configure water and gas seepage dam filling, seal and repair safety supervision and set up door rails

3. The role of leachate anti-seepage system and collection and drainage system in the landfill area of domestic sanitary landfill

【Formula】The shield is stabilized after discharge

4. The structural form of the landfill area of the living garbage sanitary landfill

【Formula】Collect and drain seepage and protect the base, poor and high liquid detection

5. Basic provisions on landfill site selection and environmental protection

【口诀】期距虑符

6. Landfill site selection and environmental protection standard requirements

【Formula】Stabilize the soil and transport it low, stay away from less occupation, and green the downstream wind

7. Areas where domestic waste landfills shall not be built

【Formula】Since ancient times, floods have not been developed

Two weeks agomantra 6/23

1. Requirements for gas pipelines to cross the river bottom

【Formula】Check and review the alarm mark of stable distance

2. Horizontal directional drilling and pipe-laying technology

【Formula】Drilling rig control drilling, expanding, pulling

3. General requirements for horizontal directional drilling and pipe laying

【Formula】Survey and grasp the actual compilation, drill and inspect the gravel pipe

4. Construction design of pilot hole drilling trajectory

【Formula】The corners are deep and long

5. Selection of drilling equipment

[formula]: Now the pipe construction site mold barrier

五周前口诀6/3

1. The structure of the caisson

【Formula】The bottom of the barrel foot partition beam

2. The role of caisson blade feet

【Formula】Reduce the drag and dig the solid height and width

3. Preparation of foundation pits

【Formula】Lay the pile deep slope, control and measure 5 up and down

4. Foundation and cushion construction

【Formula】Solid and thick, sand wood bricks

5. Make caissons in sections

【Formula】The section is high and the pouring seam vibrates, and the high is considered to be stable and prohibited

6. Caisson drainage sinks

【Formula】Bao Lian digging super station wears people

7. The caisson sinks without drainage

【Formula】The inner height and the outer low are 1m, and the equipment is excavated from the soil and mud

8. Caisson auxiliary method sinking

【Formula】Empty step breaking

9. Caisson sinking control

【Formula】The ground and circumference are stable and slow, the deviation is adjusted and corrected in the same direction, and each shift is stable and high, and the abnormal encryption is greatly changed

10. Caisson dry back cover

【Formula】Drop the pad and fill it up, and clean it all over the chisel

11. The underwater back cover of the caisson

【Formula】Clear the bottom of the soft pad washing, guide the burial and even the low fraction of the rise, strong floating pumping bottom chisel loose

Eight weeks ago mantra 5/5

1. The form of foundation pit support structure

Inner steel concrete, outer anchor soil

2. Support system

The beam force is attached to the column diagonal

3. The retaining stress transmission path of the supporting structure

Wall crown (purlin) brace

4. Steel pipe support

Afterburner encryption and readdition

5. The form requirements of the internal support architecture

Leveling force is applied continuously

6. The principle of internal support system layout

Co-lead excavation and transportation platform

7. Construction of internal support system

Transmit force along the dense pressing and dismantling plate

三月前口诀4/8

1. Design and verification of templates, brackets and arches

The knot is rigid and stable, the pre-arching force of the load, the rod base is set with a symbol, and the rigidity is checked and the anti-tilt is checked

2. Load combination when designing templates, brackets and arches

12 self-weight, 5 side pressure, 3 walks, 4 vibrations, 6 tilting, wind and snow heat preservation 7 water, rigid and strong static movement.

3. The deformation value of the formwork, bracket and arch

Lu Lu 4 Bai Yin 25, 500 hoops 1.5.

4. The construction precamber of the formwork, bracket and arch should be considered

Bullet non-bullet pre-sinking

5. Production and installation of brackets and arches

The pressure base is forbidden to bubble and frozen, the column is in the middle of the hole, the support is not altogether, and the pressure frame is inspected in multiple layers.

6. Provisions for the removal of formwork, brackets and arches

Non-damage, bearing weight, no collapse in the core.

7. Regulations on the unloading of mortar stone and concrete block arch bridges

Pulp 80, small finish, solid arch protection, large empty arch horizontal

8. The principle of cyclic dismantling of formwork, bracket and arch

Split longitudinal and horizontal