Let's talk about the variety selection of tomatoes

I didn't go to the vegetable patch today, but I talked about the tomato varieties I planted this year and which ones are suitable for planting.

I've grown about a dozen varieties of tomatoes this year, with different ways to buy them and different performances. But in general, tomatoes are an easy vegetable to grow, especially for beginners, and all plant lovers can try to grow some.

1. Characteristics of tomatoes

Origin:

Native to South America, the tomato resembled the present cherry tomato in shape and was later domesticated into a cultivar in Mexico. It spread from South America to Europe in the 16th century.

Tomatoes only came to the mainland during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, and because they looked like persimmons, they were named persimmons.

Later, it was spread to Japan and was called Kara persimmon.

Tomatoes are both vegetables and fruits. There's no need to fight for this.

Continent:

The mainland is a big country in the cultivation of tomatoes, mainly for exports. Among them, Xinjiang accounts for two-thirds of the country's output, and Inner Mongolia and other regions account for one-third.

However, I have seen the tomatoes of the Xinjiang Construction Corps on the video, which are relatively dwarf varieties, and the fruit size is not particularly large, and it generally grows directly on the ground without a shelf.

Time:

Tomato seeds generally germinate 7-9 days after they are exposed, and the suitable temperature for germination is between 28-30 degrees.

The first bunches of florets grow 20-30 days after sowing, and a second bunch grows every 10 days thereafter.

The fruit ripens 50-60 days after flowering. In low-light conditions, it may take 70-100 days.

Temperature:

The optimum temperature for growing tomatoes is 25-30 degrees. Frost damage occurs below 5 degrees Celsius.

The high temperature above 28 degrees can inhibit the growth of tomatoes, affect coloring, and stunt fruit development.

Therefore, tomatoes are afraid of frost and high temperatures, and they can't be planted too early or too late.

This year, the tomatoes in my vegetable field were planted late due to relocation, and there were many problems when it came to high temperatures, such as sunburn, rotten fruits, etc.

Illumination:

Tomatoes are light-loving plants with a light saturation point of 70,000 lux and a compensation point of 1,000 lux.

(The intensity of light in the morning in summer is more than 100,000 lux on a sunny day, and only a few hundred lux without lights on indoors, less than 1,000 lux.) ）

Generally speaking, 16 hours of sunshine a day is the most suitable for the growth of tomatoes, so the quality of tomatoes in Xinjiang is the best. Of course, 11-13 hours of sunshine is enough for tomato growth.

Continuous rainy days are easy to make tomato seedlings stunted, long and thin.

Moisture content:

Tomato has a well-developed root system and is a semi-drought-tolerant plant. However, in the later stage of growth, the leaves are lush, the transpiration is strong, and the water requirement is also large.

Generally, the water should not be too much at the seedling stage and before flowering, and the fruiting period should not be dry and water-deficient, but it should not be too much water.

My method is: before flowering, except for transplanting, I should water enough to fix the roots, and try not to water at any other time. After flowering and fruit setting, water is used frequently to keep the soil moisture content at about 75%.

It should be noted that watering after a particularly drought can easily lead to fruit cracking and umbilical rot. That's why the tomatoes cracked after a sudden heavy rain in successive dry weather.

The solution is either to use a greenhouse or a small shed, or to water frequently with small water to keep the soil at the right level.

The suitable air humidity of tomato is about 50%, and if the humidity is too high, it cannot be pollinated normally and is prone to infectious diseases.

2. Tomato varieties

Tomatoes are divided into finite-growing and indefinite-growing types. The former is about 3-5 bunches long and no longer grows. As long as the environment is suitable for growth, the latter can continue to grow, and can grow to tens of meters long.

Tomatoes can also be divided into large tomatoes and small tomatoes. The former can be harvested in a single and can reach more than half a catty. The latter are harvested in strings, ranging from 10 grams to 50 or 60 grams per fruit.

Tomatoes also come in many colors, including bright red, pink, orange-yellow, light yellow, coffee, purple, and many more.

Tomatoes can also be classified into early-ripening, medium-ripening, and late-ripening varieties. Generally speaking, early-maturing varieties are mostly limited-growing.

Tomatoes can also be divided into two types, fresh and processed, depending on their use.

In fact, there are many varieties of tomatoes, but for the average enthusiast, they can be simply divided into two types: field varieties and heirloom varieties.

Field varieties are varieties that are grown in large quantities by growers, such as Provence, fruit tomatoes, large powder, wool powder, and so on.

These varieties are characterized by high yields, good resistance, consistent fruit shape, and higher commerciality. The downside is that the taste is not so good, but it is still good for cooking.

Heirlooms refer to varieties that are kept for their own and not grown in large fields, and there is more room for choice, but the yield and resistance are generally not as good as those of field varieties, and the taste of some varieties is better.

Personally, I believe that field varieties must be planted, which is the basis for ensuring yield and a sense of achievement. The way to buy it is also very simple, just go to the local seed market or agricultural supply store and buy it.

Generally speaking, seedling merchants don't know how to say specific varieties, and you don't understand them, they will only tell you that this is a big tomato, this is a small tomato, just buy it directly. Generally, they are market-tested varieties and are not a big problem.

Some merchants may say a little more and will tell you that this is Provence, this is a tin tomato, this is a fruit tomato. If you like it, plant a few of each of them, and if you think which one suits your taste better, you can continue to plant it next year.

There are many, many heirloom varieties, most of them are popular Internet celebrity varieties on the Internet, and you must be cautious when buying seedlings or seeds. Because the general price is relatively high.

Generally speaking, the field varieties I buy are 5 cents to 1 yuan a tree, while most of the Internet celebrity varieties are more than 1 yuan, or even two or three yuan a tree. Seeds are also measured in grains, one or two yuan per grain.

Among the Internet celebrity varieties, I planted horseshoe, the skin was too thick, and there was no juice, so I eliminated it. I also planted black pearls, which also had thick skin and average taste, and I also eliminated them. This year, I also planted Sweetheart No. 8, which is not resistant to disease and has a bad taste, and was also eliminated by me.

The better performers this year are Huangfei, Baifei, and Busan 88, which are relatively sweet small tomato varieties that can be one.

As for the popular sweet million and sweet aperitif, I didn't grow it because it was difficult to buy the right version of the seedling seeds, and even if I did, the price was very high. So I chose the relatively cheap Huang Fei and Bai Fei.

Personally, I recommend these two varieties, the taste is very sweet, not sour, and it is very suitable for raw eating.

Of course, in the selection of varieties, we must follow the rules of the change of plants for 10,000 years: adapt to local conditions.

For example, if the temperature is relatively high over there, choose a heat-resistant variety, which can safely survive the hot summer and stand out from the crowd......

So the personal summary is:

A variety of field varieties of tomatoes are eaten as vegetables. A small amount of small tomato varieties are then eaten raw.

The popular online celebrity varieties can be planted in small quantities to try, but large-scale planting is not recommended because they have not been tested by the market, and disease resistance and yield are uncertain.

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