Source: Xiaohua Poetry
I am Qingdu Shanshuilang, and the Tianjiao is lazy and slow. He once granted a Luzhi wind coupon, and he played a cloud to borrow the moon chapter.
Thousands of poems, thousands of wines, a few have focused on the Hou Wang. The jade building Jin Que returned lazily, and inserted plum blossoms to get drunk in Luoyang.
- Song Zhu Dunru, "Partridge Heaven and Western Capital"
A famous star, uninhibited indulgence and freedom
Zhu Dunru, the word Xizhen, the number of rock gully, also known as the old man of Yishui, Mr. Luochuan, Luoyang people. The Southern Song Dynasty Lou Key's "Collection of Attacking Shame" lists eight literati who were active in Luoyang at the turn of the two Song Dynasty, calling them "Luozhong Eight Jun", and Zhu Dunru is one of the "Ci Jun".
Zhu Dunru's lyrics had a great influence at that time, and the title of Xin Qiji's "Nian Nujiao Fu Yuyan" was clearly "imitating Zhu Xi's true body". Lu You also learned from Zhu Dunru when he was young, and his personality and lyrics were influenced by him.
Not only that, Zhu Dunru's lyrics are also the largest among the Nandu literati, and there is a collection of lyrics "Qiao Song". But such a lyricist who is both online in terms of volume and quality is rarely seen in the works of later generations of selected commentators, let alone ranked among first-class well-known literati.
Although after the Song Dynasty, Zhu Dunru's popularity in the world of words has been declining day by day, but his works are very distinctive and well-known during his lifetime.
The lyrics of Zhu Dunru's youth "Partridge Heaven and Western Capital" are a small order that has been sung very well in Bian, Luo and Beijing in the late Northern Song Dynasty, especially the opening two sentences, which is known as the swan song of the ages.
Zhu Dunru is the first lyricist in the history of Song poetry to reflect his own provenance in his works, and his artistic achievements are often underestimated in the previous study of Song poetry, but his creations should be very representative of the Song Nandu period in terms of quantity and quality.
Zhu Dunru grew up in a wealthy official family, a proper second generation of officials, and he lived a free and free life when he was young, and he did not need to worry about his livelihood and future.
It is precisely because of his family background that Zhu Dunru can read a lot of books and not be bound by worldly materials, so his works during this period are mostly essays, poems and essays, expressing the spiritual pursuit of freedom.
At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, current affairs were withering, the world was turbid, the political situation was chaotic, and many literati were sinking into subordinates, and it was difficult to express their aspirations. Zhu Dunru was able to give up the wealth at his fingertips and live in seclusion in Luoyang without entering the office, which shows his elegant ambition.
In 1127, the Northern Song Dynasty perished, Zhu Dunru also began a difficult life in the south, he traveled to many places, and finally had no choice but to enter the office, but because he could not cooperate with the humiliating and traitorous policy of the Southern Song Dynasty, he was finally deposed, and then lived in seclusion in Jiaxing, Zhejiang.
During the period of Jiahe's seclusion, Zhu Dunru was old and his mentality gradually became peaceful, and the self-image in his works was mostly idle and expansive, such as the classic famous sentences "No need to worry and arrange, receive the present now" and "Thousands of miles of water and sky are the same, watch the lonely Hong disappear" and so on.
Regarding Zhu Dunru's secluded life in Jiaxing, Xiaohua poems have written a long article to discuss ("Zhu Dunru's words of the fisherman written when he lived in seclusion in Jiaxing, the words are beautiful and picturesque, and it makes people intoxicated"
https://www.toutiao.com/article/7137473471164236320/）
Although there is still a hidden emotion in this kind of word, it is more of a manifestation of the lyricist's noble and free feelings, the secluded pastoral life makes him feel comfortable physically and mentally, and his mentality is also under the influence of Lao Zhuang's thoughts and more arbitrary.
In 1155, Zhu Dunru was ordered by Qin Hui to be forced to reinstate the post of Honglu Shaoqing, and this time his entry into the official also became a stain on his life, and even ended up with a crime of not being able to protect his life, but we can see from reading his words and watching his people that he has never flattered the powerful in his life, and everything is forced by current events.
Among them, "History of the Song Dynasty" has already given the answer: "When Qin Hui was the country, he was happy to use the Sao people and inkers to write Taiping, and the juniper was also a good poem, so he first used Dun Ruzi as the deletion official, and reinstated Dun Ru Honglu Shaoqing." The juniper died, and Dunru was also abolished. The talker said that the old man of Dunru had the love of licking calves, and was afraid of running away, so his festival did not end. ”
Out of love for his son and forced by authority, Zhu Dunru accepted the official position assigned by Qin Hui, and finally ended up in the evening.
For this reason, since the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu Dunru's name seems to have been deliberately filtered, and rarely appears in books such as poetry annotations.
In the tide of the times, everyone is just a small wave, they form a wave, but they cannot overturn the wave. In the first month of 1159, Zhu Dunru died in Jiaxing at the age of seventy-eight.
Zhu Dunru is a person who is indifferent to fame and fortune and is keen on seclusion, he was born in a wealthy family, has good material conditions, pursues noble spirit, and does not draw on fame and wealth.
The word "I" appears many times in Zhu Dunru's words, but in fact, these "I" can be regarded as Zhu Dunru's self-portrayal in reality.
For example, "I am not a fairy" in "Good Things Are Near", and "I am a Qingdu Shanshuilang" in "Partridge Heaven and Western Capital", etc., such situations are rare in Song Ci.
Zhu Dunru puts himself in front of the reader and speaks the truth, so that his words are not dry and didactic, but more artistic, and the poet's detached self-image can also be imperceptibly penetrated into the hearts of the people with the help of words.
Zhu Dunru's lyrics also have a typical autobiographical character, and he uses words as a vehicle to show his different stages of life, so that words are no longer a momentary amusement of his whims, but a record of his complex life experiences.
Zhu Dunru's lyrics, like his life, are continuous, and his self-image also shows different states with the change of experience.
Drink the strongest wine and write the wildest words
As mentioned above, the well-known poem "Partridge Sky Xidu" is a true reproduction of Zhu Dunru's early life trajectory and life portrayal, and it is also a concentrated reflection of his life attitude and ambition in the first half of his life.
I am Qingdu Shanshuilang, and the Heavenly Sect divides and is crazy. He once granted a wind coupon to Lu Zhi, and he was tired of staying in the clouds and borrowing the moon chapter.
Thousands of poems, thousands of wines, a few have focused on the Hou Wang. The jade building Jin Que returned lazily, and inserted plum blossoms to get drunk in Luoyang.
Full Word Translation:
I am the official in charge of the mountains and rivers in the Heavenly Palace, and God has endowed me with a wild and uninhibited character. He has repeatedly issued warrants to control the wind and rain, and has also played many times to keep the clouds and borrow the moon.
I am free, it is not an exaggeration to chant thousands of poems, I will not get drunk after drinking a thousand glasses, princes and generals, how can I put it in my eyes? Even if I was an official in the gorgeous Heavenly Palace, I didn't bother to go, I just wanted to plant plum blossoms and get drunk in Luoyang City, the flower capital.
According to the "History of the Song Dynasty and the Biography of Wenyuan", Zhu Dunru "has noble ambitions, although he has the hope of the government and the opposition for the cloth clothes".
During the Jingkang period, Qinzong summoned Zhu Dunru to Beijing to be a scholar, and Zhu Dunru stubbornly said: "The nature of the elk, self-pleasure and leisure, Jue Lu is not what he wants." "In the end, because he despised the world and the powerful, he returned to the mountain.
This word was made by Zhu Dunru on the way back to Luoyang from Beijing, so it was titled "Western Capital". The word is a popular poem in the late Northern Song Dynasty, which was popular in the Bianluo area.
The main writer of the film indulged in mountains and rivers and lived an uninhibited life when he was in Luoyang. "I am Qingdu Shanshuilang", on the surface, he said that he was an official in charge of mountains and rivers in heaven, but in fact, it pointed out that the author was living a fairy-like life between the mountains and rivers of Luoyang, Xijing.
Luoyang Basin, surrounded by mountains on three sides, four rivers through the city, eight scenic spots famous. Zhu Dunru regarded himself as the "Shanshui Lang" of Luoyang, indicating that his love for mountains and rivers was out of his nature, and not only that, but he also claimed that his crazy personality was given by God - "Tianjiao pays and is crazy".
It is precisely because of the identity of "Shanshui Lang" and the personality of "Tianjiao Dividing and Crazy" that the lyricist can "once grant rain branch wind coupons, and stay in the clouds to borrow the moon chapter". These two sentences are written romantically, reflecting the poet's love for nature, as well as the beauty of mutual fulfillment with nature, full of magical fantasy.
These two sentences fully show the character characteristics of the lyricist, frank and straightforward, and full of pride.
The added three or four sentences express the embrace of providence, revealing the author's psychology of avoiding the world and being contented. These two sentences mainly describe his feelings of not entering the official career, and the lyricist prefers a lazy and free lifestyle compared to the court full of constraints.
Savor the lyrics carefully, it is not difficult to see that these two lines are full of romantic spirit and magical fantasy, which not only provide a wonderful and humorous explanation of the first sentence, but also reveal his heartfelt love for nature and his heartfelt disdain for the world.
In the next film, the lyricist used a clever method to highlight his freedom and freedom of not admiring fame and fortune, and "how many times I have looked at the Hou Wang" is to fully reflect the arrogance of the lyricist, and he is completely a detached image of a madman.
"Ten thousand poems, thousands of wines. He once focused on the richness of the writer's poetry and thoughts, the large amount of wine, and the whole content of the secluded life was expressed in his love for poetry and wine.
In the face of "Hou Wang", I have seen it several times, highlighting the lyricist's contempt for fame and wealth, and facing the arrogance of the prince. The two sentences of "Yulou Jinque returned lazily, and inserted plum blossoms to get drunk in Luoyang" show that the author is unwilling to return to the officialdom of the capital, and just wants to indulge in poetry and drink, be accompanied by mountains and rivers, and return to old age in seclusion.
Yulou Jinque is the glory and wealth that everyone envies and yearns for, but the lyricist uses the word "lazy" to very accurately express his life attitude and values of "indifferent and ambitious, quiet and far-reaching".
In stark contrast to this, the lyricist is very appreciative of the life of "inserting plum blossoms and getting drunk in Luoyang", and the words all reflect the high and noble of famous people and the grace of famous people.
Zhu Dunru loves plum blossoms, and there are many works of plum blossoms, such as the word "Minus the Word Magnolia": "No one invites me, I lay my own felt and sit down." Drink wine and cut poems, and tease plum blossoms as waiters. The heart is happy and easy to get drunk, the bright moon flies to sleep under the flowers, who knows when the drunk dances, the flowers are full of scarves and the moon is full of cups. ”
A vivid image of the protagonist appears in the lyrics, he is free and comfortable, not burdened by the world, accompanied by flowers and wine, and idle. Among them, "Panasonic sitting" and "sleeping under flowers" reflect the unrestrainedness of his daily life.
And "Teasing Plum Blossoms" and "Drunken Dance" vividly put the daily life of an unworldly hermit in front of the reader's eyes, which is very picturesque. Among them, the image of "plum" needs special attention, China has a tradition of supporting things to words, plum blossoms have been a symbol of gentlemen since ancient times.
Looking at the plum blossoms in "Partridge Heaven and Western Capital", the plum blossoms in the words symbolize the noble character of the lyricist, organically unify the noble and crazy character, and show the unwillingness to go along with the dirty society.
Zhu Dunru was not as restrained as other Song Confucians, he boasted that he recited thousands of poems, drank thousands of times, and enjoyed himself, and did not look at those powerful princes and generals at all, showing his contempt for fame and wealth, which made his uninhibited and uninhibited performance even more prominent.
Small-talk poetry
In Zhu Dunru's words, there is often an image of a hermit who was born in Kuangda, and in fact this is the result of his own image being cast into words. Since he doesn't like fame and fortune, he is not interested in the "Jade Mansion Golden Gate" that symbolizes royal power, and the free and easy life of "inserting plum blossoms and getting drunk in Luoyang" is his favorite.
The whole poem is divided into two parts, the upper part is magnificent, creating an image of heaven and man who is not stained with red dust; The next film is full of pride, outlining a free and uninhibited prodigal son in the world.
From heaven to earth, the combination of fiction and reality shows the author's love for mountains and rivers and his contempt for the powerful, and also reflects his infinite attachment and love for natural scenery.
The lyricist regards himself as a landscape man who "obliquely inserts plum blossoms and is proud of the princes", which has profound meaning, and fully reflects the author's contempt for the powerful, arrogant and arrogant, and chic and wild character traits.
The whole word is clear and graceful, natural and fluent, echoing before and after, and the rules are strict. Therefore, no matter in terms of content or art, this poem can be called a representative work in Zhu Ci, and it is a "far-reaching" and graceful and smooth Xiaoling.