Emperor Ming Yuan has a deep relationship with the so-called "death of the son and mother".
Emperor Ming Yuan, as the first prince to bear the blow of "the death of the son and the mother", not only determined the implementation of the "death of the son and the mother" in the Ming and Yuan dynasties, but also had a great impact on the implementation of the "death of the son and the mother" by the emperors of the Northern Wei Dynasty in the following generations, and it was also an important node for the entire story of "the death of the son and the mother".
Emperor Ming Yuan's personal emotions and attitudes
As far as Emperor Ming Yuan's personal feelings are concerned, he is quite repulsive and resistant to "the death of the son and the mother".
His biological mother, Liu, was the first victim of Emperor Daowu's so-called "will set up his son and kill his mother", and she has personally experienced "the cruelty of the death of the son and the noble mother."
Because of the death of his biological mother, Emperor Ming Yuan wept incessantly, and even angered his father because of this.
Emperor Ming Yuan's personality is more generous than that of Emperor Daowu, and his emotions are relatively rich.
Whether it is the death of Liu or the death of Yao, the extreme grief is expressed.
However, this mourning may not only be due to the death of the biological mother, I am afraid that there are other reasons.
Considering the early history of Tuoba, there are endless "mothers and strong sons", such as Emperor Heng, Emperor Qi, Emperor Pingwen, and Emperor Mingyuan's grandmother He.
Therefore, at this time, the atmosphere of "mother and strong son" in the history of Tuoba must still be quite strong.
Emperor Mingyuan's biological mother Liu was born in the Dugu Ministry, which is the natural bond between the Ming Yuan Emperor and the Dugu Ministry.
Therefore, Emperor Ming Yuan's mourning for Emperor Daowu's sudden killing of the Liu family is not only a deep mother-son relationship, but also a political consideration.
Correspondingly, the He family and the Helan Department are for Qinghe Wang Shao.
Liu was killed, and the natural bond between Emperor Ming Yuan and Dugu was destroyed, which was a weakening of power for Emperor Ming Yuan.
In addition, Emperor Ming Yuan was afraid that Emperor Daowu would kill him and fled in a hurry.
If it is really as Emperor Daowu said, Emperor Ming Yuan was selected as the prince, so he killed the Liu family to kill his mother and interfere in politics with foreign families, then Emperor Ming Yuan's position as the prince should be undoubtedly stable.
What's more, Emperor Ming Yuan was the eldest son of Emperor Daowu, and when Emperor Daowu killed Liu in the sixth year of Tianci, Emperor Ming Yuan was already seventeen years old and had a son, Tao.
As far as the stability of the succession to the throne is concerned, the position of the prince of the Ming Yuan Emperor is undoubtedly very stable.
But it was precisely when Emperor Ming Yuan mourned the death of his biological mother that Emperor Daowu was first "angry", and then Emperor Ming Yuan's entourage had a statement of "entering or accidental", and Emperor Ming Yuan acquiesced to this statement.
On the one hand, it was out of consideration for Emperor Daowu's irritability and murder in his later years because of wind disease and cold food.
"Taizu Ji" records that in the sixth year of Tianci, Emperor Daowu was ill, short-tempered, and suspicious and perverse.
Therefore, in the face of Emperor Daowu's summons, Emperor Ming Yuan and his entourage all thought that entering the meeting might lead to death, so Emperor Ming Yuan fled in a hurry.
But just because Emperor Ming Yuan cried the death of his biological mother, there was a risk of "accidents", which has to make people suspect that Emperor Ming Yuan's position as the prince is actually unstable.
In turn, it further shows that Emperor Daowu's explanation that the killing of Liu was due to the consideration of "the death of the son and the mother" is doubtful.
Among the brothers, the one who directly threatened the position of the crown prince of Emperor Ming Yuan was Emperor Ming Yuan's half-brother Qinghe Wang Shao.
Qinghe Wang Shao, the biological mother is He's, "Daowu Seven Kings" records the change of Emperor Pingqinghe Wang Shao in the sixth year of Tianci, and killed He and Qinghe Wang Shao, "Shao was sixteen years old", it can be known that the heir of Emperor Ming Yuan and Qinghe Wang Shao are one year apart.
In the Northern Wei Dynasty, although there was a special status of the eldest son, the inheritance method of the eldest son was not fixed.
The Helan tribe's biological mother, the Qinghe Wang Shao's biological mother, "Shao's mother, that is, the sister of the Ming Queen", has the background of the Helan Department, and the gathering of the Helan Department when the Qinghe Wang Shao Palace changed, although it is not a direct support for the Qinghe Wang Shao to seize the throne, but there is no doubt that the Helan tribe still has a strong cohesion.
And the He family is extremely favored, and the He family is punished, and the reason is unknown.
But comparing the simplicity of killing Liu and the hesitation of killing He, it can be seen that He's favor is far better than Liu's.
The hasty flight of Emperor Ming and Yuan reflected the difficult situation of his situation at that time, and also showed that the succession system of Emperor Daowu had not yet been formed.
In addition, Emperor Ming Yuan's personal personality also affected the implementation of "the death of the noble mother".
Emperor Ming Yuan had a decisive personality, and when he learned that his biological mother was killed, Emperor Ming Yuan was both sad and afraid, and he sensed that Emperor Daowu had murderous intentions, so he fled immediately with only two people, and did not hope for the love of father and son.
When dealing with the rebellion of Wang Shao of Qinghe, whether it was the transmission of the news of the palace change "or contacting An Tong to gather a group of handicraft workers" to quickly control the situation, it all showed that Emperor Ming Yuan controlled Pingcheng.
This is not something that an unprepared prince who fled in a hurry can simply do.
Similarly, after punishing the mother and son of the He family, the head of the palace and more than a dozen close people, Emperor Ming Yuan did not expand the impact on the ministers, and won the support of most of the courtiers with a careless attitude.
After ascending the throne, let alone the "hesitation" of his character, whether it was to recruit Rouran and Liu Song, or to crack down on corrupt officials, he was extremely resolute.
Therefore, Du's survival for decades after giving birth to Tuoba Tao was by no means the result of Emperor Mingyuan's personal hesitation, on the contrary, Du's survival to Taichang for five years itself shows that his attitude was to reject the implementation of "the death of the son and the mother".
From the personal emotional point of view of Emperor Ming Yuan, he rejected and resisted the system of "death of the son and the mother".
Therefore, when considering whether Emperor Ming Yuan would inherit Emperor Daowu's "testament" and "practice the system of "death of sons and mothers", at least in terms of emotion, it is unlikely that Emperor Ming Yuan will practice this system.
Precautionary measures for relatives and queens
From the perspective of Emperor Ming Yuan's personal factors, it is less likely that Emperor Ming Yuan practiced Emperor Daowu's system of "death of the son and mother".
But as an emperor, Emperor Ming Yuan also had to guard against the growth of his relatives' power after he ascended the throne.
This defense was politically astute and in a state of extreme sobriety, while his methods were softer and slower.
In view of the lessons of the Empress Dowager in the history of Tuoba, after Emperor Ming Yuan ascended the throne, he would also have the same worries as Emperor Daowu, but this concern could not be consistent with Emperor Daowu.
Emperor Daowu, as an emperor who experienced the destruction of the country at a young age, was displaced, and later took refuge in the Dugu and Helan tribes to establish a country.
His experience was conditioned by the circumstances of his family, especially the profound influence of his mother, He's family.
Therefore, they are highly vigilant against the Dugu tribe and the Helan tribe, and the scattered tribes are an important manifestation of their vigilance against the mother clan and the wife clan.
Although Emperor Daowu's killing of Liu may have been an accidental act under unexpected circumstances, there may be some inevitable factors behind it.
For example, the imperial power is highly vigilant due to the intervention of the queen mother and foreign families.
Emperor Ming Yuan was born in the seventh year of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and at this time the large-scale dispersion had been completed, so Emperor Ming Yuan's vigilance against the tribes was far less intense than that of Emperor Daowu.
Emperor Ming Yuan did not hold Feiru Hou Hehu accountable for gathering the children of the tribe privately during the rebellion of Wang Shao of Qinghe, which shows that Emperor Ming Yuan did not attach great importance to the gathering of the Helan tribe, or it was still tolerable.
And Emperor Ming Yuan was raised by the Liu family, and the deep relationship between the two is self-evident, especially in the competition with Qinghe Wang Shao, who has a background in Helan, the Liu family and the Dugu Department are natural allies of the Ming Yuan Emperor.
In addition, Emperor Ming Yuan took Cui Hao as his teacher and studied Han culture, coupled with his relatively gentle and generous personality, even if he had a strong vigilance against foreign relatives, he would not adopt barbaric and violent methods like his father, so his methods were relatively gentle and slow.
First of all, the power of foreign relatives represented by Du Chao was not so big as to be feared in the Ming and Yuan dynasties.
As a palace concubine from an ordinary generation, Du's family background is far from being comparable with that of Liu and He.
Du Chaoqi, looking at his resume, his origins in the Taichang years, distinguished after the ancestor ascended the throne.
Du Chao basically did not make any achievements in the Ming and Yuan dynasties.
It can be seen that it was not reused in the Ming and Yuan dynasties, and there is no way to talk about its power.
Even if Emperor Ming Yuan did not use restrictions and suppression measures against the Du family and the family behind it, at least he did not reuse Du Chao and others.
Secondly, Emperor Ming Yuan took full precautions against the collusion between the palace concubines and the previous dynasty.
This was clearly stipulated in the form of a legal prohibition, and it was strictly forbidden for relatives to communicate with concubines, so as to isolate the possibility of relatives interfering in court politics by contacting concubines.
It can be seen that Emperor Ming Yuan was wary of his concubines and relatives, and adopted corresponding policies to curb the development of his relatives' forces.
It was not until the Shiguang period that Du Chao, as the grandmother's male mother, was strongly supported by the ancestor, and his meritorious officials were all promoted during the reign of the ancestor.
In Du Chao's biography, we can see not only Emperor Ming Yuan's defense of the concubine's mother's family, but also Shizu's support for his mother's family, and this support is also seen in every emperor who ascends the throne in the future, and foreign forces are natural allies with them.
In addition, Emperor Ming and Yuan set up a nanny to raise the prince Tao, in order to isolate the close connection between the Du family and the mother and son of the prince, and reduce the control of the biological mother over the prince.
The emergence of the Empress Dowager Shi of the Taiwu Dynasty came from the Ming Yuan Emperor setting up a nanny to raise the prince.
Du Shi Xue was in Taichang for five years, when Tuoba was 13 years old, how to say that he was still young.
The Xuanwu Dynasty forbade the Empress and the Emperor's biological mother Hu Chonghua to visit, mainly because the Prince of the Xuanwu Dynasty was repeatedly mourned, and the Emperor Xu, as the only prince of the Xuanwu Emperor, had a valuable status and could not afford to lose.
If the Ming and Yuan dynasties had already had such a provision, there would be no need for the Xuanwu period to re-emphasize the isolation and nurturing of the prince.
Therefore, Emperor Taiwu was raised by his nanny when he was an infant, and it is doubtful that he was not with his biological mother.
Under the circumstance that Emperor Ming Yuan implemented a variety of means and methods at the same time, it is unlikely that Emperor Ming Yuan would kill Du in defense of foreign forces.
Whether it is suppressing the development of the Du family, isolating the connection between the concubine and the family, or the setting of the nanny, it has limited the growth of the power of relatives to the greatest extent.
In this case, it seems unnecessary for Lizi to kill his mother first.
In general, the situation faced by Emperor Ming and Yuan was far from that of the Daowu Dynasty.
Whether in terms of Emperor Ming Yuan's personal emotional tendencies or the corresponding treatment of his relatives, it shows that Emperor Ming Yuan did not need to adopt the urgent and decisive disposal method of "the death of the son and the mother" to prevent the queen mother and relatives from interfering in politics.