Exotic love is not easy, just like a big gamble, there are always people laughing and arrogant, and there are also people who are heartbroken and crying. Jiang Fangliang died on December 15, 2004, and she has been a low-key companion, silently suffering the misfortune caused by her marriage to Chiang Ching-kuo across borders. All this pain comes from Chiang Ching-kuo's flowery nature.
Chiang Ching-kuo, the eldest son of Chiang Kai-shek, was not faithful to his marriage and was quite romantic. His wife Jiang Fangliang left his hometown and silently gave birth to children for him, and has been silently paying. However, because of the temptation outside, he had the idea of divorce from his wife, which made people feel indignant.
Talking about Chiang Ching-kuo's "flash marriage and divorce" first love, he had many new and old loves. Before meeting Jiang Fangliang, who had been with him for the longest time, he had a brief relationship, that is, his first love with Feng Yuxiang's daughter Feng Funeng.
In 1926, 16-year-old Chiang Ching-kuo was studying at Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow and met Feng Funeng, the daughter of 15-year-old Feng Yuxiang, and the two fell in love and got married in a hurry soon after. Perhaps the Moscow marriage at that time seemed indiscreet, but in fact it was not so simple.
Chiang Ching-kuo and Feng Funeng do not need to register their marriage, as long as the two have a harmonious relationship and live together. At Sun Yat-sen University, especially for Chiang Ching-kuo, who is mediocre in appearance, it is almost a miracle to find a partner among many older single men.
The once-happy life did not last long, and was torn apart by the political turmoil in the country. In 1927, when the April 12 coup broke out, news reached the Soviet Union, and Chinese students at Sun Yat-sen University held a meeting to condemn Chiang Kai-shek for betraying the revolution. Enraged, Chiang Ching-kuo openly accused Chiang Kai-shek of being a "traitor" and a "murderer" from the podium.
Soon after, Chiang Ching-kuo published an open letter in the Soviet newspaper Izvestia, declaring that he had severed the father-son relationship with Chiang Kai-shek, calling him an enemy of the Chinese working class. After the coup d'état, the Soviet authorities adopted a policy of retaliation by expelling a large number of Chinese students, especially Kuomintang students.
Despite Chiang Ching-kuo's statement of breaking with Chiang Kai-shek, the Soviet authorities rejected his application to return home, treating him as a potential Chiang Kai-shek aide and treating him as a "hostage".
Feng Funeng, the eldest daughter of Feng Yuxiang, is known in Russian as "Nizhidanova", although she is beautiful, she has no strong interest in politics. She was often seen by Chiang Ching-kuo's radical friends as unqualified to be his wife, as she paid less attention to politics and rarely participated in social activities.
Feng Yuxiang had maintained good relations with the CPSU. In 1926, after being defeated in a battle with the allied forces of Zhang Zuolin and Wu Peifu, Feng Yuxiang went to the Soviet Union for a three-month "expedition", where he was warmly welcomed by Chinese students studying in the Soviet Union.
However, with the April 12 coup, Feng Yuxiang announced in June 1927 that he would cooperate with Chiang Kai-shek and sever ties with the CPSU. The Central Committee of the CPSU, through the Communist Party branch of Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow, demanded that Feng Funeng draw a clear line with Feng Yuxiang. In the face of this situation, Feng Funeng, as Chiang Ching-kuo's wife and Feng Yuxiang's daughter, chose to support his father after a difficult ideological struggle.
Feng Funeng offered to return to China and tried to persuade Chiang Ching-kuo to return with her, but Chiang Ching-kuo refused. After this incident, Chiang Ching-kuo wrote a confession to the Party Committee of Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow in July 1927, announcing that he had severed his relationship with Feng Funeng, and the two parted ways.
On May 25, 1928, the Feng brothers and sisters were allowed to return to China, and Chiang Ching-kuo and Feng Funeng never saw each other again for the rest of their lives.
Chiang Ching-kuo went to the Soviet Union to study at the end of 1925 and was sent to Siberia as a hostage by Stalin for reform. Gaining the trust of his peers and the Soviet authorities by means, he was sent to the Ural Heavy Mechanical Plant as a technician, and later became deputy director. During this experience, he met the woman who accompanied him all his life, namely Jiang Fangliang, whose original name was Fena Ipatieva Vakhaleva. Chiang Ching-kuo's Russian name is Nikolai.
One night when Chiang Ching-kuo was the leader of a heavy machinery factory, he was walking back to his dormitory, passing by a grove next to the factory, when he came across a strong man harassing a female worker in an attempt to misbehave. Seeing this, Chiang Ching-kuo rushed out without hesitation, but the strong man scoffed and asked him to leave and not interfere. Chiang Ching-kuo was furious and clashed fiercely with the strong man, knocking him down. The strong man fled in a hurry, and the female worker regained her composure and was grateful to Chiang Ching-kuo.
This accident also became an opportunity for Chiang Ching-kuo and Fenna to get acquainted. Through the conversation, he learns that Fenna is a girl who has just graduated from a technical school and is assigned to work in a factory. Chiang Ching-kuo's decisive action aroused Fenna's favor, and her young and beautiful also attracted more attention from Chiang Ching-kuo, and the two naturally came together.
After that, every time Chiang Ching-kuo went to the factory technical school to take classes, Fenna always rushed to listen as soon as possible. She even took the initiative to invite Chiang Ching-kuo to dance and express her love for him.
In March 1935, after a series of twists and turns, Chiang Ching-kuo and Fenna's transnational romance finally had a happy ending. The two went through difficulties and entered the palace of marriage. The wedding was grand and beautiful, and Fenna, dressed in a gorgeous dress, walked towards Chiang Ching-kuo, who was wearing a suit. The two bowed to each other and solemnly promised to love each other, walk through the long years hand in hand, and grow old together.
In his book My Days in the Soviet Union, Chiang Ching-kuo mentions in a nonchalant tone the origins of his exotic affair with Fenna: "During my years at the Ural Heavy Machinery Plant, Fenna was my only friend and my subordinate. She understood my situation best and whenever I was in trouble, she always showed sympathy and reached out to help. In March 1935, we finally got married......"
The matchmaker Maria believes that when she was young, Fenna was not only outstanding in appearance, but also elegant and charming in gait. The lovers often went to the beach to swim together, and "Nikolai listened to Fena and was very satisfied with what she did." ”
However, Fenna mistakenly thinks that she has met the happiness she was destined for. After getting married, Chiang Ching-kuo gradually revealed his true nature after returning to China, making Fenna change from a cheerful girl to a person who could only endure silently.
In December 1935, Fenna gave birth to their eldest son, Jiang Xiaowen, and later gave birth to their daughter Jiang Xiaozhang in 1945 and their sons Jiang Xiaowu and Jiang Xiaoyong in 1948. These four children were all given by the "old president" Chiang Kai-shek.
When Chiang Ching-kuo faced the pressure of life alone in a foreign country, Fenna became a solace for his soul. However, after the outbreak of the Xi'an Incident, Chiang Ching-kuo's application to return to China was rejected, his status and position were both revoked, and his life changed dramatically.
At this point, Fenna stepped forward and took on the responsibilities of the family. Chiang Ching-kuo's soul was greatly tested, because of the fall of his identity and status, his friends were estranged, and the only one who accompanied him was Fenna.
Despite the most difficult six months, Fenna was under tremendous pressure, but she still did not give up, supported her family of three with her meager income, and comforted Chiang Ching-kuo wholeheartedly, accompanying him through the most difficult moments of his life.
However, upon returning to China, Chiang Ching-kuo seems to have left all these efforts behind him and focused only on himself, while also breaking the vows the two made when they got married.
Lose your heart and revel in your voice.
In April 1937, Fenna's life changed dramatically, as she left her hometown and returned to China with Chiang Ching-kuo, who renamed her Chiang Fangliang.
This shift brought about a reversal of roles between the two. Jiang Fangliang was in a foreign country, while Chiang Ching-kuo returned to his motherland. Previously, Chiang Ching-kuo relied on Chiang Fang-liang, but in China, Chiang Fang-liang became a source of dependence on Chiang Ching-kuo.
After Jiang Fangliang gave birth to a pair of children for him, Xiaowen and Xiaozhang, the Anti-Japanese War broke out. Chiang Ching-kuo was appointed as the administrative commissioner of Jiangxi and southern Jiangxi at the behest of his father, Chiang Kai-shek, so his family moved to Jiangxi.
Under Chiang Kai-shek's protection, Chiang Ching-kuo was given an official position, which made him appear arrogant. His previously hidden desires and lustful subconscious are gradually revealed.
The War of Resistance lasted fourteen years, and Chiang Ching-kuo's whereabouts became difficult to trace. As a foreigner, Jiang Fangliang could not know the specific whereabouts of her husband, and Jiang Jingguo thought that Jiang Fangliang was helpless, and began to indulge himself wantonly and vent all kinds of emotions.
Zhang Yaruo is a native of Jiangxi, and once accepted the American church from the Nanchang Private Baoling Girls' Middle School, and became the school's flower because of her good looks and talent. When Chiang Ching-kuo first met Zhang Yaruo, he left a good impression on her. Zhang Yaruo worked hard and participated in various service projects, so he became a top student in the school.
When the two met for the first time, Chiang Ching-kuo was deeply impressed by Zhang Yaruo. Zhang Yaruo is diligent and talented, not only participating in various ambulance teams and other service activities, but also has considerable attainments in national dramas, and often participates in drama performances, which makes Chiang Ching-kuo fall for it.
After Zhang Yaruo participated in the training of the Three Youth League, his admiration for Chiang Ching-kuo increased more and more. The contact and interaction between the two became closer and closer, and the relationship also warmed up rapidly.
After returning to the office, Chiang Ching-kuo decided to assign Zhang Yaruo to work in the secretary's office and make her his secretary. The two were intimate all day long, and Zhang Yaruo became a close confidant in Jiang Jingguo's mind.
At that time, Zhang Yaruo lived in an old mansion near the Jiangdong Temple in Ganzhou. Chiang Ching-kuo often visited her every once in a while, and the two dined together, and their affair became an unwritten secret in the Commissioner's Office.
Chiang Ching-kuo's behavior is despicable. He even asked Zhang Yaruo to serve as Jiang Fangliang's Chinese teacher and tutor her in Chinese, while Jiang Fangliang, who was faithful, honest, simple and kind, was kept in the dark by the two.
During this time, Chiang Ching-kuo had completely forgotten the days spent with his wife and the time when they relied on each other. He only had Zhang Yaruo in his mind, and he even did not hesitate to make up one lie after another to deceive Jiang Fangliang and forget his wife's efforts. His affair with his secretary Zhang Yaruo is the biggest betrayal of his wife.
Zhang Yaruo was originally Jiang Fangliang's Chinese enlightenment teacher, but in fact became her rival. With such an ungrateful act, Chiang Ching-kuo repaid Jiang Fangliang's kindness to him in the past for saving him, in the way of "splitting his legs".
Soon after, news of the affair reached Chongqing, and Chiang Kai-shek was very dissatisfied with his son's behavior and demanded that Chiang Ching-kuo sever ties with Zhang Yaruo. Although Chiang Ching-kuo ostensibly agreed, he remained inseparable from Zhang Yaruo after returning to southern Gannan and turned a deaf ear to the advice of others.
Even, Chiang Ching-kuo had the idea of divorcing Chiang Fangliang, but was suppressed by Chiang Kai-shek.
By the end of 1940, Zhang Yaruo was pregnant, and Chiang Ching-kuo secretly arranged for her to go to Guilin to give birth. It was announced that Zhang Yaruo was married to a student at Guangxi University, while Chiang Ching-kuo secretly looked for an opportunity to visit. When he learned that she was about to give birth, Chiang Ching-kuo tried every means to take care of her.
On May 2, 1941, Zhang Yaruo gave birth to twin baby boys in Guilin Hospital, named Zhang Xiaoyan and Zhang Xiaoci because they were premature babies. Chiang Ching-kuo frequently visited Zhang Yaruo and his children in Guilin, but he understood that they could not be given official status under the current circumstances. Even if contacted by telegram, Zhang Yaruo had to use a pseudonym.
However, the matter was difficult to keep secret after all, and the news of Zhang Yaruo's birth in Guilin gradually spread, which made Chiang Kai-shek dissatisfied and decided to transfer Chiang Ching-kuo back to Chongqing. At the same time, Zhang Yaruo's life also came to an end.
In August 1942, Zhang Yaruo, who was staying in Guilin, suddenly had a headache and chest tightness, vomiting and diarrhea. Although his condition improved at first, he suddenly suffered from blood poisoning in the middle of the night and eventually died. Chiang Ching-kuo was very sad when he learned of Zhang Yaruo's death, and in order to hide his sadness, he put on black glasses. For a period of time after that, he was deeply depressed and knew that he had harmed Zhang Yaruo.
However, no one knows whether Chiang Ching-kuo's affection is true or false, and how long it can last. After that, Chiang Ching-kuo intensified his efforts and betrayed Jiang Fangliang one after another, putting her in an extremely embarrassing situation.
Not only that, in addition to Jiang Jingguo and Zhang Yaruo, there are many new and old loves. One of them is Ding Lanbao, a young and beautiful girl with a moving voice, because of her talent, she studied at the Shanghai Theater School and changed her name to Gu Zhengqiu. After graduating from drama school, Gu Zhengqiu formed his own troupe and went out to perform. In November 1948, she performed at the Yongle Theater in Taipei and became famous. Originally, she was planned to return to Shanghai directly after the performance, but due to the turmoil, she had to stay at the Yongle Theater to continue performing.
Chiang Ching-kuo and Chiang Kai-shek were in Taiwan at the same time and noticed the performance of Peking Opera actor Gu Zhengqiu. Gradually, Chiang Ching-kuo became interested in Gu Zhengqiu on stage, and even went beyond the attention to the plays she performed. After each performance, Chiang Ching-kuo approached Gu Zhengqiu in the name of a banquet for the troupe.
Among the people who pursued Gu Zhengqiu, some of them were powerful, and some even gave her mansions, but Gu Zhengqiu was dismissive of these. After each performance, she always quickly walked out of the backstage and rushed straight to Ren Xianqun's car, which had been waiting for a long time.
To Jiang Jingguo's surprise, Gu Zhengqiu, whom he pursued, eventually became Ren Xianqun's woman. At that time, Jiang Jingguo and Ren Xianqun both had families, and in order to pursue Gu Zhengqiu, they both planned to divorce.
However, Chiang Ching-kuo's marriage was opposed by Chiang Kai-shek. Ren Xianqun successfully divorced his original partner and married Gu Zhengqiu, but then he was sentenced to five years in prison. The beautiful plans of the two who had just started a new life were shattered in an instant.
Gu Zhengqiu resolutely gave up his career and said goodbye to the stage completely. She waited intently for Ren Xianqun to be released from prison and lived a lonely life, except for visiting Ren Xianqun in prison on time every day, she spent her silent days alone.
After five years of bad luck, Ren Xianqun was released. However, at this time, he no longer held an official position. He and Mr. Gu traveled with him to the isolated Jinshan Farm, far from Taipei, where there was not even electric light.
Together, they discovered their interest and began to devote themselves to cultivating strawberries and making strawberry jam, which they sold overseas. Their life became quiet and plain, although Jiang Jingguo still had some desires at this time, but the relationship between the two was deep, and he gradually couldn't get involved anymore, and slowly forgot about Gu Zhengqiu.
On January 13, 1988, Chiang Ching-kuo died of illness in Taipei, ending his legendary life. He, a person who had been wandering for most of his life, although he had been calling the name of his twin mother Zhang Yaruo in the last stage of his life, felt guilty about the love and affection he had in his heart. However, it was Jiang Fangliang who he was most sorry for.
Jiang Fangliang studied hard for him, adapted to different cultures, and was eventually able to speak more authentic Chinese than them. She did not pursue fame or fortune, nor did she strive for power, and devoted her life completely to her husband and children in China. She may know what Chiang Ching-kuo did, but she has been silently enduring it, just to be able to protect him and the children well.
In 1978, Chiang Ching-kuo became the leader of Taiwan, but in life, Chiang Fangliang has always kept a low profile. She rarely appears in the media, and she is a stranger to the Taiwanese people. She is not much different from an ordinary housewife, when her husband often works overtime or travels, she takes care of the affairs of the house, and although she has a servant, she often washes the curtains herself.
After Chiang Ching-kuo's death, her three sons gradually distanced themselves from her, and she was tormented by the various blows of life. In 1989, the eldest son Xiaowen, who suffered from long-term diabetes, died of throat cancer, and in 1991, the second son Xiaowu died suddenly of pancreatitis, and in December 1996, in the cold atmosphere, Jiang Xiaoyong said goodbye to Jiang Fangliang in the ward.
After her husband and three sons passed away one after another, the maid "Sister Bao", who had been with her for decades and was like a sister, also left and returned to the mainland to settle down. Her only daughter, Jiang Xiaozhang, has been living in the United States.
She was reduced to a lonely old man, and finally died of illness in Taipei Veterans General Hospital in 2004. So far, the marriage she has silently supported for decades exists in name only, drawing an end to the life of dedication to the family and children.