Today is International Museum Day, do you know where the world's first museum was?
The world's first museum
Ill-fated
It is now generally accepted that the world's earliest museum was the Alexandria Museum in Egypt, which dates back about 2,300 years.
The Alexander Museum imagines that Alexander was the ruler of the Macedonian Empire in the 4th century BC, which corresponds to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period in China. He once led his army to defeat many countries, even as far as the Indus River. However, Alexander, who is so able to fight, may be a little "stressed", and died of illness in Babylon at a young age. After that, several of his generals divided up his Macedonian Empire. Among them, a man named Ptolemy Soto conquered Egypt and other regions, established the Ptolemaic dynasty, and then he established an academy in Alexandria, on the Mediterranean coast, which included a library, a botanical and botanical garden, a research institute, and a temple of the muses dedicated to cultural treasures.
Painted Ptolemy II's visit to the Great LibraryThe muse is the goddess of ancient Greek mythology who is in charge of the best things such as literature, art, history, and science. THE WORD "MUSEUM" IN ENGLISH, OR MUSEUM, IS DERIVED FROM THE GREEK WORD FOR "MUSE". This temple of the Muses came to be known as the Museum of Alexandria. This museum, which can be said to be the crystallization of Western wisdom, contains about 700,000 works, such as Archimedes, Aristotle, Euclid, Hippocrates, etc., and the manuscripts and works of scientists and philosophers are all stored there. As a result, many scholars came to observe and study, and gradually Alexandria became the center of world cultural exchange. However, the final fate of such a remarkable museum is embarrassing: in 48 BC, that is, during the Western Han Dynasty on the mainland, when Caesar attacked Egypt, most of the Alexandria Museum was burned down; In 270 AD, that is, during our Three Kingdoms period, this museum was burned by the Roman emperor again; By 640 AD, during the reign of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, it was completely burned down by Muslim armies. Someone once said that the disappearance of the Alexandria Museum has set human science and technology back by at least 1,000 years. Although the Alexandria Museum has the function of collecting and displaying, it is only open to a certain group of people.
China's first museum is here
When it comes to China's first museum, some friends may blurt out: The Palace Museum! Well, it's true that the Forbidden City is a museum now, but it's really not the first one in China. The earliest museum in China was opened in Xujiahui, Shanghai, by the missionary Han Bolu, and its earliest name was the Natural Museum. In the 40s of the 19th century, when the Catholic Church was established in Xujiahui, it also began to collect biological specimens collected by missionaries in the Yangtze River valley in the church. This includes the collection of the bearded French missionary Hamber.
The French missionary Hambero was not only a priest, but also a biologist. Soon after he arrived in Shanghai, he went deep into Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi and other places to investigate, and collected a large number of animal specimens, among which elk specimens were the most abundant. Later, he wrote the book "Speaking of Deer", which was also designated as a scientific masterpiece by the French Ministry of Education. As the collection grew, Han Bolu thought about opening a museum, so in January 1868, a museum called the Natural Museum was built in Xujiahui. After the museum is completed, you are allowed to visit every afternoon, and there is no charge, as long as you leave a business card after entering the door, someone will entertain you to visit. In 1902, Han Bolu died, and the museum was handed over to other missionaries, and in 1930, because the teachers of Aurora University in Shanghai at that time found that many of the collections in the museum were very helpful for teaching, and felt that the current museum space was small, Zhang Luo established a new museum on the campus of Aurora University, and renamed it Aurora Museum, and officially opened to the public in 1933, becoming one of the most famous museums in Shanghai at that time.
Later, the Aurora Museum merged with the Shanghai Museum of the Asian Cultural Society, which was founded in 1874, and became today's Shanghai Natural History Museum. Today, the Shanghai Natural History Museum is located in Shanghai's Jing'an Sculpture Park, which is crowded on weekends and holidays. Learn more: International Museum Day丨It's a bit difficult to be the "first" in museums
International Museum Day:
These museums in Beijing are free for a limited time!
Confucius Temple and Guozijian MuseumConfucius Temple and Guozijian Museum are located at No. 13, Guozijian Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, which was founded in the Yuan Dynasty and merged with the ancient system of "left temple and right learning", respectively, as the place where the emperor worships Confucius and the highest institution of learning in the central government. The main exhibitions of the Confucian Temple and the Guozijian Museum include the "Dacheng Hall Restoration Exhibition", "Dazai Confucius Exhibition", "Confucius Temple Historical Evolution Exhibition", "Ancient Chinese Imperial Examination Exhibition", "Guozijian Piyong Restoration Exhibition", "Guozijian Original State Exhibition" and so on. These exhibitions showcase the ideas of Confucius, the education system of ancient China, the imperial examination system, etc., and are a suitable museum for children to learn and visit, which can give them a better understanding of Confucian culture and ancient education.
Beijing Automobile MuseumBeijing Automobile Museum is a national second-class museum in China, located at No. 126, South Fourth Ring Road West, Fengtai District, Beijing. There are all kinds of classic cars, classic cars, racing cars, vans, vintage buses, and many creative cars on display, both in history and in the future. Kids can see painted cars in various colors here. The exhibition breaks the traditional display method, and through various interactive experiences, children can be placed in a multi-dimensional time and space that can be seen, heard, touched, interacted and experienced, and deeply feel the infinite charm of technology and culture, technology and art, technology and life.
China Geological Museum, located at No. 15, Xisi Mutton Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing, is the first public natural science museum founded by Chinese, and is also one of the oldest comprehensive geological museums in Asia. The Geological Museum of China has a collection of more than 550,000 geological specimens, covering all fields of geology. Among them, there are a series of dinosaur fossils such as giant Shandong dragon and Chinese dragon bird, famous ancient human fossils such as Peking Man, Yuanmou Man and Cave Man, as well as a large number of precious prehistoric fossils such as fish, birds and insects that integrate scientific value and ornamental value; There are the world's largest "crystal king", giant fluorite calcite crystal cluster specimens, exquisite azurite, cinnabar, realgar, orpiment, scheelite, stibnite and other Chinese characteristic mineral specimens, as well as a wide variety of gemstones, jade and a number of national treasures. Children can learn about the mysteries of the earth, the evolution of life, and the natural sciences by visiting exhibitions and participating in interactive activities.
Beijing Art Museum Beijing Art Museum is located in the Ming and Qing Dynasty treasure temple Wanshou Temple, is a royal temple, after Kangxi, Qianlong, Guangxu Emperor several large-scale renovations, formed a set of temples, palaces, gardens as a whole, the east, the middle and west three road building adjacent, covers an area of 50 acres of royal temple, once had the reputation of "the small Forbidden City in the west of Beijing". The Beijing Art Museum now has a collection of nearly 50,000 pieces of ancient artworks, starting from the primitive society to the Ming and Qing dynasties, with a wide range of collections, mainly including calligraphy and paintings of the past dynasties, inscriptions and celebrity books, court weaving and embroidery, palace porcelain, ancient furniture, coins and seals of the past dynasties, etc. It also has a collection of more than 100,000 ancient books from the Song Dynasty to the Republic of China. Here, children can learn about the ancient and magical history of Beijing's art civilization, observe the masterpieces up close, and experience various intangible cultural heritage activities.
Beijing Cultural Museum Exchange HallBeijing Cultural Museum Exchange Hall is located in No. 5, Lumicang Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing, covering an area of 7,000 square meters, established in 1992 on the original site of Zhihua Temple, with more than 1,500 collections, is an ancient ruins museum. The building beams, buckets, paintings, carvings and statues in the temple are complete, and it is a rare architectural relic that retains the spatial characteristics of the Ming Dynasty. There will also be volunteer presentations this Saturday.
Beijing Museum of Ancient ArchitectureBeijing Museum of Ancient Architecture is located in Xiannongtan on the west side of Yongdingmen Street. It is a thematic museum that collects, researches and displays the history, skills and culture of ancient Chinese architecture. The Beijing Museum of Ancient Architecture was founded in the Ming Dynasty and was the place where the emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties worshipped the god of agriculture and held pro-farming ceremonies. The main buildings include the Tai Sui Palace, the Xiannong God Altar, the Divine Kitchen Warehouse, the Cultivation Terrace, the Gufu Palace, the Qingcheng Palace, the Divine Warehouse and the Sacrificial Vessel Warehouse, the Altar and so on. The building complex in the museum has the "Beijing Longfu Temple caisson", also known as the "starry sky caisson", "Tiangong caisson", the whole caisson is divided into six floors, a total of 68 pavilion buildings. If you look up at the starry sky 600 years ago, you can feel the ceiling in the ceiling of an ancient Chinese building.
Beijing Stone Carving Art MuseumBeijing Stone Carving Art Museum is located at No. 24, Wutasi Village, Baishiqiao, outside Xizhimen, Haidian District, Beijing, and is a thematic museum focusing on collecting, researching and displaying stone carving cultural relics in Beijing. The museum's displays systematically display the stone carving culture in Beijing, including steles, epitaphs, statues, prayer buildings, stone carvings, stone building components and other categories. Many stone carvings such as temple steles, inscriptions, tombstones, guild steles, and epitaphs from the Tang to Qing dynasties are important material materials for the study of local history in Beijing.
China Rosewood MuseumChina Rosewood Museum is located at No. 23, Jianguo Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, which is an imitation of the Ming and Qing dynasties, covering an area of 25,000 square meters, and is the first and largest private museum in China, which collects research, displays and displays the art of rosewood, and appreciates traditional Chinese classical furniture. The museum not only shows the extraordinary artistic sense of rosewood to the world, but also collects more than 1,000 pieces of traditional Chinese classical furniture, as well as various cultural and artistic treasures made of precious wood such as huanghuali, golden silk nanmu and ebony.
International Museum Day
Let's go, go to the museum!
Let's open the museum "new way to play"
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