(Exam time: 150 minutes, full score of the test paper: 150 points)
Proposition report
New direction of proposition: Modern Reading I focuses on the selection of materials in the "intelligent era", and guides candidates to pay attention to the relationship between people and technology in the intelligent era; Modern Literature II. The selection of materials is related to "Rural China", the proposition is combined inside and outside the classroom, the reading of classical Chinese pays attention to the connection between teaching and examination, the appreciation of poetry is compared with the textbook "Difficult to Walk", the use of language and writing is based on the proposition of the question type of the nine provincial joint examination, and the composition is based on the famous sayings in "The Way of the University" and "Ten Thoughts of Emperor Taizong", which not only examines philosophical speculation, but also fits the trend of the college entrance examination proposition.
New Situations of Propositions: Propositions focus on creating personal experience situations to express their feelings and thoughts, and the created situations are closely related to the daily life of candidates.
1. Modern Reading (35 points)
(1) Modern Reading I. (5 questions, 18 marks)
Read the text below and complete 1~5 questions.
Engineering psychology, human factors engineering, and ergonomics were all born during the Second World War in the 20th century, and although they have their own unique research perspectives and focuses, they all share a common concept of "human-centeredness". For example, engineering psychology provides psychological principles, methods and empirical evidence for the optimal design of human-machine systems from the perspective of human cognitive information processing. Ergonomics and ergonomics provide the principles, methods and empirical evidence of human-machine and ergonomic design for the optimal design of human-machine systems from the perspective of engineering design matching the relationship between man-machine-environment. In the computer age, the interaction between humans and computers (including products based on computing technology) has brought many new human factors problems, and promoted the emergence and development of human-computer interaction, user experience and other fields. Based on a common philosophy of "human-centricity", these similar areas aim to ensure that systems achieve the goal of safety, efficiency and pleasantness by optimizing the interaction between humans, machines and the environment, so we refer to these fields collectively as human factors science.
The research object of human factors science is the human-machine relationship. In the computer age, in the interaction between humans and non-intelligent computing systems, machines play the role of auxiliary tools in human-machine systems. In the era of intelligence, the interaction between humans and intelligent systems is essentially the interaction between agents in intelligent systems, based on intelligent technology, agent machines can show unique new characteristics of autonomy, have some cognitive abilities similar to humans (perception, learning, reasoning, etc.), and in some scenarios that are not expected by design, they can autonomously complete tasks that cannot be completed by previous automation technology. Auxiliary tools 10 human-machine cooperation teammates", thus forming a new form of human-computer relationship: "human-intelligent teamwork" cooperation.
In addition to giving new connotations to human-computer relationships and bringing about the evolution of human-computer relationships across the ages, this new type of "human-intellect team" partnership has also brought new perspectives and challenges to human factors scientific research. Throughout history, the research paradigm of human factors science has been expanding with the help of emerging technologies. This expansion has improved the methodology of human factors science research, expanded the scope of discipline research and the depth of problem solving, and promoted the continuous development of human factors science. In the early stage of development, traditional human factors science (such as early ergonomics) focused on physical characteristics such as human manual work and human-machine interface, and the research mainly used human manual work analysis and time task analysis to achieve the rational allocation of human-machine functions and tasks, so as to achieve the purpose of optimizing the efficiency of human-machine systems. Since entering the computer age, the research paradigm of human factors science is basically based on the cognitive theory of information processing, but this research paradigm has shown different orientations in the development of human factors science. In the computer age, human factors science (such as engineering psychology and cognitive ergonomics) starts from the information processing mechanism and goes deep into the level of human psychological activities, and examines the relationship between human work performance and psychological activities such as perception, attention, memory, and decision-making in the human-computer operation environment, so as to achieve the design purpose of optimizing the human-computer system. In order to solve the problem of human factors in human-computer interaction, human factors science (such as human-computer interaction and user experience) adopts the method based on the concept of "user-centered", constructs the user psychological and situational awareness model, the human-computer interaction cognitive model and the human-computer interface concept model, and adopts the usability test and other verification methods based on psychological methods to develop interactive products that meet the needs and experience of users. However, human factors science research usually focuses on the level of human external behavior, through objective job performance and subjective evaluation methods to examine human cognitive activities and work performance. In order to overcome the limitations of this approach, human factors science further adopts the measurement technology from cognitive neuroscience to form neurohuman factors, which can go deep into the internal neural activity level of human cognitive processing, explore the neural mechanism of cognitive processing in the human-computer interaction environment, and provide a more objective empirical means for human factors science. In the era of intelligence, the new characteristics of intelligent technology, the concept of human factors scientific research and the cross-era evolution of objects (human-computer relationship) will inevitably bring new thinking about the paradigm orientation of human factors scientific research.
Based on the new characteristics of the autonomy of intelligent technology and the new human-intelligent team-based cooperative relationship, a conceptual model of human-computer collaborative cognitive system for human-computer teamwork in intelligent human-computer system is proposed by using the theory of collaborative cognitive system and situational awareness. Different from the traditional human-computer interaction system, the model regards the intelligent system (including one or more agents) as a cognitive body that can complete certain cognitive information processing tasks. Therefore, an intelligent human-machine system can be characterized as a collaborative cognitive system in which two cognitive bodies work together. As teammates in a team that cooperates with human users, intelligent systems carry out two-way active interaction and collaboration with human users through natural and effective human-computer interaction methods (such as voice, gestures, expressions, etc.). In specific human-computer interaction scenarios, the intelligent system can autonomously perceive, recognize, learn, reason, and other cognitive operations on the user's state (cognition, physiology, intention, emotion, etc.) and environmental context, and make corresponding autonomous execution.
The framework uses Endsley's Situational Awareness Cognitive Theory to characterize the information processing mechanism of human users and machine cognitive agents, that is, the cognitive processing mechanism for human operators to perceive and understand the current environmental state (including human-computer interface, system, environment, cooperative teammates, etc.) and predict the future situational state. The model also includes the cognitive interaction between situational awareness and memory, experience, knowledge and other factors, and has data-driven (understanding and predicting scenarios based on perceptual data) and goal-driven (verifying perceptual data based on goals and current understanding and predictions) information processing mechanisms. With the help of a dynamic feedback and feedforward loop mechanism for information collection and late response, human users are able to perceive dynamic environmental scenarios to update the information obtained.
(Excerpted from Xu Wei's "New Paradigm Orientation and Key Points of Human Factors Scientific Research in the Intelligent Era")
1. One of the following understandings and analyses of the relevant content of the material is incorrect (3 points) ( )
A. Engineering psychology, human factors engineering and ergonomics are included in the scope of human factors science because they are based on a common concept of "human centeredness".
B. In the era of intelligence, the essence of human-computer interaction is the interaction between humans and agents in intelligent systems, and machines only play the role of auxiliary tools.
C. Intelligent systems possess some human-like cognitive abilities, showing autonomous characteristics, and can develop into team teammates who cooperate with humans.
D. Human Factors Science, with the help of emerging technologies, continues to expand the paradigm orientation of research and overcome the limitations of focusing on human external behavior.
2. The correct one of the following statements about the "conceptual model of the human-intellect collaborative cognitive system" is (3 points) ( )
A. The conceptual model of human-in-mind collaborative cognitive system is based on the new characteristics of autonomy of intelligent technology, which can carry out cognitive operations such as autonomous perception, recognition, learning, and reasoning of user states.
B. The conceptual model of human-intelligent collaborative cognitive system regards intelligent systems as cognitive bodies that can complete certain tasks of processing cognitive information, which is the most important content in human factors scientific research.
C. The intelligent system of the conceptual model of human-intellect collaborative cognitive system can carry out one-way active interaction and collaborative cooperation with human users through natural and effective human-computer interaction.
D. The conceptual model framework of the human-intellect collaborative cognitive system includes the cognitive interaction between situational awareness and memory, experience, knowledge and other factors, and the perception and information update of static environmental scenarios.
3. One of the following options that does not belong to the application of human factors science is (3 points) ( )
A. Help design the human-machine interface to make it easier for users to use equipment and tools. For example, by analyzing what information and features users need, designers can choose the best colors, fonts, layouts, and icons.
B. Help improve the layout of the workstation to improve work comfort. For example, in office design, according to the needs of employees, reasonable arrangement of workstations, chairs, and positions to reduce health problems caused by muscle fatigue and poor posture.
C. Help determine the best way to assign tasks and collaborate as a team to improve productivity and employee satisfaction. By understanding the skills and abilities of employees, combined with the complexity and requirements of tasks, the tasks are reasonably assigned and efficient teamwork is promoted.
D. Design, construct and maintain infrastructure to ensure the safety, sustainability and economics of the project. For example, structural analysis, material selection, engineering planning and construction management are carried out for roads, bridges, buildings, tunnels, water conservancy projects, etc.
4. According to the materials, please complete the structural schematic diagram of the "Conceptual Model of Human-Sphresophical Collaborative Cognitive System". (four minutes)
5. Tell us about the impact of the new "Human-in-Mind Team" partnership. (six minutes)
1.B (Machines only play the role of auxiliary tools in the computer age, not the intelligent age.) ）
2. A (B, the conceptual model of the human-intellect collaborative cognitive system "is the most important content in human factors scientific research" is unfounded. In item C, "one-way initiative" is incorrect, and the original text is "two-way active interaction and collaboration". In item D, the text does not mention "perception and information update of static environmental scenarios". ）
3. D (A, is the application of engineering psychology. ITEM B. It is the application of human factors engineering. Item C is the application of ergonomics. D, which focuses on projects. ）
4. (1) Situational Perception (2) Situational Prediction (3) Intelligent System (Cognitive) (4) User-Perception, Recognition and Other Agents (1 point per space)
5. (1) The new "human-intellect team" partnership refers to the collaborative working relationship between humans and agents. (1 minute)
(2) It gives a new connotation to human-computer relationship and brings about the cross-era evolution of human-computer relationship: (1 point) The intelligent system can develop from an auxiliary tool that supports human operation to a team teammate that cooperates with humans, and plays the double role of "auxiliary tool + human-computer cooperation teammate". (1 minute)
(3) It brings new perspectives and challenges to human factors science research: (1 point) On the one hand, from traditional ergonomics to the construction of cognitive theories based on information processing, and then to methods based on user experience and neuroscience measurement technology, the perspective of human factors science is becoming more and more extensive, from physical characteristics to mental activities, and then to the level of neural activities, and the focus is gradually extended to the internal cognitive process of people. On the other hand, in order to solve the problem of human factors in the interaction between humans and computers, human factors science needs to constantly overcome its own limitations. (1 point in challenge)
(2) Modern Reading II. (4 questions, 17 marks)
Read the text below and complete 6~9 questions.
Fuku-hsien
Zhao Shuli
Fugui is a good child, capable and beautiful, he learned to hoe seedlings at the age of twelve or thirteen, and at the age of sixteen or seventeen, he can withstand an adult by doing the work at hand, but he is still a little short of it. There is a self-music class in the village, and Fugui has also learned to sing and sings very well.
Fugui grew to twenty-three, and his mother was sick, and she ate and vomited, and she knew that she would not get better. One day, Fu Guiniang said to Aunt Dongwu: "I think my illness is ready-made, I'm afraid I won't be able to get over this winter." I'm not afraid of death! I only have one thing on my mind: I raised a daughter-in-law for Fuguitong to roll on the slope and become a family. It's just that our little family, few people have no hands, please greet me at that time!" Aunt Dongwu was full of praise, asked the date again, and promised to help her as much as possible.
July 26 is the day when Fugui and Yinhua get married. Yinhua borrowed the sedan chair from Aunt Dongwu's house, carried it around the village, and then carried it back to the courtyard, got off the sedan chair and went to the West House.
For better or worse, it's finally done. The harvest will be in autumn, and the grass has not yet been cut, and Fu Guiniang will die. Yinhua is a child, and if nothing happens, the light will cry. Fugui is only twenty-three years old, a little stronger than Yinhua, but he only cares about the people carrying the coffin and can't take care of the family. Fortunately, there was an aunt from the East House, who helped Yinhua sew filial piety hats, hung white shoes, sat in the pot, and hurried noodles, so that a funeral could be regarded as a busy past.
Even married his daughter-in-law and brought him out of the funeral, and the money for cloth and groceries was more than ten yuan short for Wang Laowan, and even the coffin was counted for a total of 30 yuan, and he wrote a document for Wang Laowan.
The little family has a total of four acres of land, and there is no other hope, I am afraid that I will not be able to repay Lao Wan's money, so I will give Lao Wan half a long job in the coming year. Yinhua learned to spin flowers from the time when her two little arms could not reach the spinning wheel, and now although she is only sixteen years old, she has learned to be a good weaver. The little couple got up every morning, and no one had to urge anyone, so they went their own way.
Unfortunately, because Fugui held a wedding and funeral last year, he ran out of food at home, and borrowed grain as soon as he went to work this year, and borrowed it until the wheat was cut. When he finished work in October, Lao Wan calculated the price of grain in the spring, and his wages were finished, and he owed the county ten yuan and eight cents in profit of thirty yuan. The paperwork of thirty yuan was poured into forty yuan, and Lao Wan Nian came to the family first, and the other was the plan of the east guy, so that he made eight gross profits.
Since then, Fugui seems to have his legs stuck in the sand nest, and the deeper he played, the more he rolled to more than ninety yuan in the fourth year. In October, it was not enough to bring the rest of his four acres of grain to Lao Wan.
On the tenth day of the first month of this year, the silver baby gave birth to a child. The grain has already given Lao Wan a profit, and he will not eat it after the New Year. Yinhua just gave birth to a child, a meal of rice soup only uses a handful of rice, Fugui himself can't eat a pot of rice with her, and he doesn't dare to make rice thick rice from the liter of rice soup, so he has to drink two sips of the remaining rice residues in the Yinhua rice soup pot for a meal.
Fifteen, the old foreman came to him to work, saying that this year's spring is shallow, and the shopkeeper said to work earlier! In the evening, Lao Wan sent a foreman to call him home, taught him a good lesson, and still asked him to live for himself. He said, "You can live as long as you can borrow a year's food." Lao Wanhe calculated: "The grain laid by four acres of land is not enough to benefit yourself, so what does it mean to borrow grain?" It's not cost-effective, so it's better to hire someone else. After doing so, he said: "Then forget it, but last year's profit is still seven yuan short, and if you don't want to live, you have to take it out!" Fugui said: "Four acres of land will be handed over to you!" I can't beat you enough anyway!"
People are so faceless that they don't pay attention to things: they are hungry in autumn and summer, stealing a pumpkin to find a radish for someone, someone bumps into it, scolds a few words with a straight face, beats a few times and holds his head, no matter whether he has a face or not, he can eat it.
He went out this winter. This time, no matter which one it is, it will be stronger, and it will take less than a month to work, and when I come back, I will change my clothes, and I will send back five yuan to Yinhua. When the people in the village saw that Fugui's children had changed into new clothes, and that Yinhua had never been able to support rice at other people's homes, they concluded that Fugui must have done a big crime, and they all suspected that he was the one who lost the money and the livestock.
In the first month of the following year, Lao Wan went to the city to mourn, and listened to the drummers singing the banquet play, Lao Wan saw that one of them was Fugui, and Fugui also saw Lao Wan on the banquet, so he quickly turned his face to the side.
That night, Lao Wan summoned the people who had a little face in the Wang family and said, "Fugui, this thing is really enough!" How dare you be a drummer in the city!" The people of this place are the most particular about the Qing Dynasty, and they think that blowing the drummer and singing the banquet drama are unsightly deeds, and the drummer is called "forgetting the eight" and "the turtle grandson", so when they heard this sentence, they all caught fire, some shouted "killed", and some shouted "buried alive".
There are too many people to do things secretly, Aunt Dongwu didn't know how to inquire, and quietly told Yinhua, Yinhua told Fugui that Fugui ran away overnight.
Since that time, there has been no news for seven or eight years, and Yinhua has only guarded the child. When the child is fifteen years old, he grazes cattle for the neighbors, and other children often call him a little forgotten lamb.
……
The district cadres inquired about Fugui's origin, so they told him: "Lao Wan's account has been settled, you are also an exploited person, we plan to allocate a few acres of temple property in our village to you for planting, do you think it is okay?" Fugui jumped up and said, "Those are all small things! I don't ask for anything else, I just ask to complain to the public with my parents, and forget about it!" The district cadres agreed.
In the evening, during the winter school year, the district cadres reported on the significance of the meeting, and some old-fashioned people were very unhappy and did not want to hold a meeting with Wangba at a meeting. Fugui didn't care whether these people wanted to or not, so he said:
"Ladies and gentlemen, I can't be a bad boy since I was a child! I grew up until I was twenty-eight years old, and I didn't do a little nonsense! Later it broke! I'll do whatever it's a shame! I know my fault, it's not a glorious thing! I've already reflected elsewhere. But I can't be the kind of good person you said back then! I have been bad since I was twenty-nine years old, and I have been bad for six years, and who can count the beatings, anger, tears, and hunger? Until this year, everyone still called me a bad person, avoided me, and called my children 'forget the eight lambs', which is all the grace of your old man! Fortunately, I didn't ask you to bury me alive, I went to Liao County to beg for food, and later that place became the anti-Japanese base of the Eighth Route Army, where the anti-Japanese government reformed hooligans, lazy people, and thieves, and organized me into a refugee group to go to the mountains to open up the land. From then on, I had land to plant, a house to live in, and food to eat. In the past seven or eight years, although he has not saved any belongings, he has also bought a cow and saved a kiln grain. When I came back this time, I didn't know that everyone was afraid that I would steal them, and I didn't know that they were afraid that they would be caught up in my forgetfulness, so they always didn't dare to say a word to me. I don't know how long I'm going to pass on the name of this villain, so I want to ask you to explain to you to see what kind of person I am! Who's to blame for this villain?"
August 31, 1946
(with corrections)
6. One of the following comprehension of the relevant content of the text is incorrect (3 points)
A. Aunt Dongwu is a warm-hearted rural woman who helps Fugui Niang with Fugui's marriage, and when she learns that the villagers are going to dispose of Fugui, she secretly informs Yinhua so that Fugui has time to get out.
B. Yinhua began to learn to spin flowers when she was very young, but at the age of sixteen she learned to become a good weaver, after Fugui left, she pulled her children to grow up alone, which shows that she is a capable rural woman.
C. Yinhua has a child, there is not much rice at home, only a handful of rice can be used for a meal of rice soup, Fu Fei can't eat a pot of rice with her, and can only drink two sips of the remaining rice residue for a meal, which shows the difficulty of life.
D. The district cadres settled Wang Laowan's accounts, and considering that Fugui was also the object of exploitation, they decided to allocate a few acres of temple property in the village to him, which he thought was all trivial and showed that he did not care about property.
7. The following analysis and appreciation of the artistic characteristics of the text, one of which is incorrect (3 points)
A. Fugui's name represents his parents' good wishes for him, but in real life, Fugui is starving and has become a "bad guy" that everyone shouts and beats, this strong contrast is embarrassing.
B. At the beginning of the article, it was said that Fugui sang well, which laid the groundwork for Fugui to do drummers and sing banquet scenes for large families in the city.
C. This article has a strong local flavor, a complete and vivid reproduction of the life world in the rural areas of northern China, and the language of the novel has a strong dialect flavor and outstanding regional characteristics.
D. At the end of the article, Fugui's awakening and rebirth show that the Communist Party of China is not only a guarantee for the peasants to turn over economically, but also a guarantee for the peasants to turn over politically and ideologically.
8. Fugui was originally a good person, but how did he go "degenerate" step by step? (five minutes)
9. When reading this article, many readers think of the "order of etiquette" and "rule by elders" in "Rural China", and think that this article exposes the evil of "clan power". (six minutes)
6. Item D, don't care about property faults.
7. Item C, which completely reproduces the life world of rural areas in northern China.
8. (1) Because of Fugui's marriage and Fuguiniang's funeral, Fugui's family owes Wang Laowan thirty yuan, which is suffering
The beginning of the "Fall".
(2) Slowly, under Wang Laowan's calculations, Fugui fell deeper and deeper, and in the fourth year, the profits rolled to ninety yuan.
In the end, all four acres of land were handed over to Wang Laowan.
(3) Under the weight of life, Fugui didn't care about his face and began to steal when he was hungry and couldn't help it.
(4) In the end, Fugui worked as a drummer in the city, and the local people paid the most attention to the family, and always kept this secret, so everyone called Fugui "forget eight", and wanted to "bury him alive", so Fugui was a "bad person" in their eyes
(1 point per point, 5 points for all answers)
9. (1) In the local society, social order is maintained through etiquette, and in the sphere of personnel, the elders maintain their power and do not tolerate opposition.
(2) Wang Laowan is both a landlord and a patriarch surnamed Wang, and he has supreme power in the local society, and he is respected even if he can't be provoked
Respect, Fugui got married, and the family had to ask Wang Laowan to accompany him. (3) Wang Laowan, who was the patriarch of the local society, was able to justifiably exploit the clansmen, which provided convenience for him to exploit Fugui until he was driven to a dead end. (4) As the patriarch, Wang Laowan has the power to dominate public opinion, and whoever violates the etiquette system is equivalent to losing the face of the family, and Wang Laowan can teach him a lesson at will and bury him alive, as is the case of Fugui's forced escape.
(Points 1 and 2 are compulsory, 2 points each)
2. Reading Ancient Poetry (35 points)
(1) Classical Chinese Reading (5 questions, 20 points)
Read the classical Chinese text below and complete 10~14 questions.
Material 1:
Cao Bin, the word Guohua. Bin was born one year old, his parents used a hundred play tools to gather in the seat, Bin held a dry fight in his left hand, held a bean in his right hand, and he had to take a seal, he ignored it, and everyone was different.
Five years, so that Wu Yue, the fatal death is still unacceptable. Then he said: "I finally refused, it is a close name." Then he accepted it and returned to the official.
At the beginning, Taizu banned travel, was neutral and impartial, did not try to make a door for non-official business, and lived in a group Yanhui, which was also rare, so it was important. In the second year of Jianlong, he was recalled from Pingyang and said: "I often wanted to kiss you in the past, why did you neglect me?" Binton's head thanked him and said: "The minister is a close relative of the Zhou family, he has been reinstated in his office, Jing Gong is in charge, he is afraid that he has been obtained, and he dares to make friends in vain?" ”
Seven years, will be cut down Li Yu. In the long encirclement, Bin slows down the division, and Ji Yu is subdued. Bin said: "The rest of the disease cannot be cured by medicinal stones, but you must swear sincerely to yourself, and on the day of the city, if you don't kill a person, you will be cured." "The generals promised. Tomorrow, heal. And tomorrow the city will fall. Yu and more than 100 people asked for guilt at the military gate, comforted him, treated him with courtesy, invited Yu into the palace to govern the costume, and waited outside the palace gate with a few horses. The left and right secrets said: "Yu into or accidental, what can I do?" Bin smiled and said: "Yu Su is cowardly and indecisive, and he will not be able to make a decision by himself." "The monarch of Yu, the pawn is preserved.
At the beginning, the chief teacher of Binzhi also, Taizu said: "Li Yu should be the envoy of Qing Qing." Deputy Marshal Pan Mei was congratulating. Bin said: "Otherwise, the husband is also good, fighting the power of the sky, obeying the temple, can do things, what a merit for me, and the situation is extremely good!" Mei said: "What do you mean?" Bin said: "Taiyuan is not flat." "And also, for the prisoners. Taizu said: "This is the prime minister, but Liu Jiyuan has not been down, and he will be treated with little care." Hearing this, Mei snickered and smiled. Shangjue, so the beauty does not dare to hide, so it is true. Shang also laughed, but gave Bin 200,000 dollars.
(Excerpt from "The Biography of Cao Bin in the History of the Song Dynasty", with deletions)
Material Two:
In the seventh year, the emperor sent Li Mu to tell Li Yu, the lord of Jiangnan, to enter the court, but Li Yu did not obey. Emperor Nai ordered Cao Bin and other generals to kill 100,000 soldiers. Bin waited for the resignation, and the emperor said: ". And with the sword to give Bin, said: "The deputy general will go down, and the one who does not need to die will be killed." "In February of the eighth year, Cao Bin and others broke through the Jiangnan soldiers. In October, the lord of Jiangnan was in danger, and sent Xu Xuan to ask for a reprieve. Xuan Zhi said to Emperor Yu: "Li Yu is a big thing, like a son and a father, and he has no mistakes, so how can he see it?" The emperor said: "Do you call father and son two families? "Hyun can't be right. In the first month of the ninth year, Cao Bin captured Li Yu and returned to Bian.
(Excerpt from "Song History Chronicle: Pingjiangnan", with deletion)
【注】(1)觌(dí):相见。
10. There are three parts of the wavy line that need to be broken in the part of the material, please use a pencil to blacken the mark in the corresponding position of the answer sheet, and give 1 point for each correct place, and no points will be given for blacking out more than three places. (three minutes)
Private A's B Rite C Suffers Nothing, D Wu Yue, E People, F Chase G with a Light Boat, H's I, as for J, number four
11. The following explanations of the punctuated words and related content in the text are incorrect: (3 points) ( )
A. Doudou, two kinds of ritual utensils used to hold food during ancient sacrifices and banquets. The "俎" here has the same meaning as the "俎" in "man-made knife warrior"; The "bean" here has the same meaning as the "bean" in "a dumpling of food and a bean soup".
B. Fatal, in the text, means "to convey words" and "accomplish the mission", which is different from the modern Chinese meaning of "fatal blow" or "fatal in danger".
C. By is, in the text for the meaning of "therefore", for the combination of the media, "to send Dongyang Ma Shengxu" in the "to be more than a book to leave" in the "to be a book" is similar.
D. Therefore, it is used in the text to express the reason, that is, the reason why Pan Mei laughs. The usage of "so" in "Therefore and now with the Dao" in the "Answer to Sima's Advice" is similar to this.
12. The following summary of the relevant content of the original text is incorrect: (3 points) ()
A. Cao Bin is very capable and good at diplomacy. The envoy to Wu Yue can not only adhere to principles, but also pay attention to flexibility, which shows that he is an honest official, and it can also be seen that he is talented.
B. Cao Bin is thoughtful and long in foresight. not only successfully predicted that Li Yu would not plot a rebellion, but also successfully predicted that he would be sent to pacify Taiyuan.
C. Cao Bin behaves decently and is cautious for his ministers. Although the merit is high, the words are low-key. thinks that he can defeat Li Yu by relying on Tianwei and following the arrangements of the imperial court.
D. Cao Bin has prominent rights and outstanding military achievements. This is closely related to Taizu's full trust and careful guidance to him. The close cooperation between this pair of monarchs and ministers can be called an example for later generations.
13. Translate the underlined sentences into modern Chinese. (eight minutes)
(1) Cheng Tak, politely said that the disease did not look at things, and all the generals came to ask about the disease. (four minutes)
(2) As soon as the affairs of Jiangnan are commissioned, do not plunder the people, and make the prestige of the people, so that they can return to obedience. (four minutes)
14. Both Materials 1 and 2 mention the historical facts of Cao Bin's crusade against Li Yu, what is the difference in the writing style and purpose of the two? (three minutes)
10. CDI (This question examines the sentence assertion of the text, and the answer to this question can be judged according to the meaning, imaginary words and structure.) "The gift of private covetousness" is the object of the preceding strong word: "nothing to receive" is the key predicate, and the previous collocation: "Wu Yueren" is the corresponding subject, from the above, it can be seen from the above: "to light boat" as the way of adverbial, "posthumous" is understood as chasing and giving it to him, which is reasonable. ）
11.A (The ritual vessel for food and the cutting board for cutting meat have completely different meanings.) ）
12.B ("Successfully predicted that Li Yu would not plot a rebellion" is not reflected in the original text.) ）
13. (1) When the city was about to be conquered, Cao Bin suddenly said that he was sick and did not deal with affairs, and all the generals came to visit the sick. ）
(2) The pacification of Jiangnan will all be entrusted to you, you must not rob the people, you must exert your prestige, and let the people submit to themselves, (key words: "one", "committee", "wide", 1 point per point. 1 point for sentence meaning. ）
14. (1) Material 1 is the personal biography of Cao Bin, and Cao Bin is the main character. Focusing on a positive expression of how he dealt with Li Yu with a gentle policy is to demonstrate his personal talent: (2) The second material is a more objective "chronicle of the end of the book", with the emperor as the main figure, focusing on showing the emperor's eloquence and detailed arrangement, in order to highlight the emperor's personal talent. (1 point for one correct answer, 3 points for two correct answers, if there are other answers, it is reasonable, and points will be given as appropriate.) ）
(2) Reading Ancient Poetry (2 questions, 9 marks)
Read the following poem and complete 15~16 questions.
Autumn Evening Look(1)
Pan Lang
The autumn colors are full of Qinchuan, and it is on the edge of the Weishui River. At the beginning of the rain, where are the cicadas not chirping.
Jipu Han Mingyue, the lonely sail is not far away. The fisherman is empty, who seems to be too old (2) virtuous?
[Note] (1) This poem was written in Pan Lang's early years when he was expanding the rivers and lakes. (2) Taigong, that is, Lu Shang, according to legend, he fished in Weibin River, and King Wen of Zhou met him, and talked extremely speculatively, that is, worshiped as a teacher. Later, he helped King Wu to destroy Yin and establish the Zhou Dynasty.
15. One of the following understandings and evaluations of this poem is incorrect (3 points)
A. The first couplet explains that the author chose the highlands by the Weishui River to enjoy the autumn, and this location gives the poem a quiet and lofty background.
B. The jaw couplet depicts the picture of the waning sun at the beginning of the set, when the rain has just stopped, and the autumn, which should be full of vitality and vitality, is full of cicadas everywhere, adding a sense of desolation.
C. The contrast between the crescent moon and the sailboat on the water accentuates a sense of freshness and cheerfulness.
D. The whole poem adopts the technique of audio-visual combination to depict a fresh and beautiful picture.
16. This poem and Li Bai's "Difficult to Walk" both use the allusion of Jiang Taigong fishing, please analyze the similarities and differences between the emotions expressed? (six minutes)
15.C ["Fresh and cheerful feeling" is wrong, "Bright Moon" and "Lonely Sail" highlight a sense of loneliness. (three minutes)]
16. (1) Same: They all express the desire to be reused and realize their political ideals. (two minutes)
(2) Different: Through the contrast between "Fisherman" and "Taigong", Pan Shi expresses the lament of "Fisherman" who is old and talented, and points out the impermanence and loneliness of life, which is contemplative and deep. (2 marks) The use of allusions in Li's poems is very flexible, one hidden and one can be supplemented, indicating that the author's mood has changed from depressed to full of confidence, and the tone is optimistic. (2 points) (Step-by-step points. 6 points in total)
(3) Dictation of famous articles and sentences (1 question in total, 6 points)
17. Fill in the gaps in the following sentences. (six minutes)
(1) From ancient times to the present, the Chinese nation has consistently demanded the quality of "being an official before being a person". Our party's adherence to the standard of "putting morality first" in employing people also shows that the party has strict requirements for leading cadres to behave. In the "Ten Thoughts of Emperor Taizong", Wei Zheng used trees and clear springs as metaphors to put forward "requirements" to the rulers.
(2) In Qu Yuan's "Lisao", and Zhang Jiuling's "Twelve Feelings (Part 1)", "Plants and trees have their own hearts, why ask for beauties" to use a sentence that agrees with the image is".
(3) The use of audio-visual combination techniques can often make the scenery in ancient poems more vivid and three-dimensional, and can also create an immersive sense for readers, such as ".
(1) Those who think about the safety of the country will accumulate their virtues and righteousness (2) But the scattered grass and trees are afraid of the twilight of beauty
(3) Example: The dog barks in the deep alley, the rooster cries and the mulberry tree is upside down/
Half of the wall sees the sea and the sun smells the chicken in the air/
The wind is urgent, the sky is high, the ape is howling, the white bird flies back/
Reflection of the green grass from the spring color of the yellow oriole in the next leaf (1 point per space)
3. Use of Language and Writing (20 points)
(1) Use of Language and Writing I. (3 questions, 9 marks)
Read the text below and complete the questions below.
Through the oath of the wind, the fragments of memory are reflected into a song of sadness, the mottled past, the moss-covered courtyard wall, your face has not changed in your memory, and it has been rippling with the spring breeze.
My Hongxi, you seem to be a painter, with a piece of paper, to tell the history of the eighteen villages that you once had a prosperous and legendary life;
My Hongxi, you are like a piece of craftsmanship, with a little exquisiteness, write all the glory of the underground party that you once commanded and loyal, loyal and patriotic.
I like your indisputable and clear beauty, I like your vicissitudes and legends, if I can, I want to snuggle in your arms all the time, enjoy all your gentle murmurs, I love this land deeply.
When you have been away from your hometown for a long time, you can't sleep every night because you miss home. The homesickness complex is hidden in the depths of every wanderer's heart, real and faintly painful.
Man is contradictory, longing to be understood, but also eager to be seen through. The wanderer who is away has tasted the desolation and ruthlessness of a foreign land, but the only thing he loves in his heart is always the people and things in his hometown. The beginnings that leave our fond memories, like the background in a TV series, always cover all our sorrows.
18. Please fill in the appropriate idiom in the horizontal line in the text. (three minutes)
19. The word "deep" in the following sentences has the same meaning and usage as the dotted "deep" in the text, which is ( ) (3 points)
A. The iron pickaxe digs through the frozen hard earth, making a deep sound.
B. When I grew up, I realized that my mother's chatter contained the deepest concern for me who traveled far away.
C. Even if it is a deep night, it cannot completely block out the light of dawn.
D. The sea is as level as a mirror, like a deep writer.
20. Of the following verses, one of the best places to put in parentheses is ( ) (3 points)
A. Only the mirror lake in front of the door, the spring breeze does not change the old waves.
B. Plain clothes do not sigh in the dust, and they can go home as if they are Qingming.
C．少小离家老大回，乡音无改鬓毛衰。
D．何事吟余忽惆怅，村桥原树似吾乡。
【Answer】18.(1) Perfection (2) Subtlety (3) Tossing and turning/turning over and over
19．B 20．D
18. This question tests students' ability to use idioms correctly.
(1) This refers to the painter's exquisite skills, which can be filled in idioms such as "perfect" and "reaching the peak". Perfection: A metaphor for the perfection of knowledge, technology, or work. Reaching the pinnacle: The metaphor reaches a very high level.
(2) The high level of craftsmanship is described here, and it can be filled in as "exquisite". Exquisite: Exquisite and ingenious to the extreme.
(3) There is content of "sleepless night" and "homesickness" in the following text, and you can fill in "tossing and turning". Tossing and turning: Describes lying in bed tossing and turning and not being able to fall asleep due to deep thoughts or something on your mind. Flip and turn: Roll back and forth.
19. This question tests students' ability to understand the meaning of words. The text refers to the depth of the degree. A. Deep voice. B. Degree of depth. C. Refers to the depth. D. Thoughts and feelings are introverted and not exposed. So choose B.
20. This question tests students' ability to understand the meaning of a poem and reset the sentence. A. Meaning: Only the clear water of the mirror lake in front of the door ripples in circles under the spring breeze, and it is exactly the same as more than 50 years ago. Express the emotion and helplessness of people and people in transit. B. Meaning: Oh, don't sigh that the dust of Kyoto will stain the white clothes, and there is still time to return to the old home of San'in by the mirror lake in the Qingming season. It is implied that there is no need to worry about the bad atmosphere in the capital that will pollute their own quality. C. means: I left my hometown when I was a teenager, and I was able to return to my hometown when I was old, although the local pronunciation has not changed, but the hair on the temples has been thinned and gray. Through the contrast between change and change, the author's feelings and helplessness about the changes in life, the vicissitudes of time, and the rights and wrongs of things are revealed. D. Meaning: What makes me suddenly feel melancholy when I recite poetry, it turns out that this rural scenery is very similar to my hometown! Express your longing for your hometown. Combined with post-contextual analysis, poems that express homesickness should be chosen. So choose D.
(2) Use of Language and Writing II. (2 questions, 11 marks)
Read the text below and complete the questions below.
In today's digital age, running is more than just a sport. Runners are starting to use a variety of high-tech products to track and analyze their running performance, from pace and distance to calories burned. However, under this trend of focusing too much on digital data,。。
By scientifically controlling your heart rate, you can achieve more efficient and safer running training. Whether it's enhancing heart health, losing weight, or improving endurance, proper heart rate control is essential. For example, maintaining a mild to moderate heart rate during exercise is best for fat burning. This is because in this heart rate zone, the body mainly uses oxidized fat for energy, resulting in weight loss. For runners seeking to improve their exercise endurance, their heart rate should be controlled in a higher zone, so that their cardiopulmonary function can be strengthened, and at the same time, they can effectively improve muscle endurance.
21. (5 points) There are two language problems in the sentence with wavy lines in the text, please revise them to make the language expression accurate and fluent.
22. (6 points) Please write appropriate sentences at the horizontal line in the text, so that the whole paragraph is complete and coherent, the content is appropriate, and the logic is rigorous, no more than 15 words in each place.
【Answer】
21. The importance of heart rate in running training cannot be ignored, it is one of the important indicators to measure the intensity of exercise, which can intuitively reflect the body's response and tolerance to exercise during exercise.
22. (1) Rather, it is a movement that makes use of high-tech analysis
(2) Many runners ignore the key metric – heart rate
(3) For runners with weight loss goals
21. This question tests students' ability to identify and revise sentences. There are two problems in the sentence of drawing wavy lines: one is that the "importance of heart rate in running training cannot be ignored" is redundant, and the preposition "right" should be deleted; Second, the word "can reflect the body's intuitive response and endurance to exercise during exercise" is inappropriate, and the word "intuitive" should be mentioned before "reflect". Modify the correct sentence as follows: The importance of heart rate in running training cannot be ignored, it is one of the important indicators to measure the intensity of exercise, which can intuitively reflect the body's response and tolerance to exercise during exercise.
22. This question tests the student's ability to write in the context of language expression. In the first space, according to the "not only" in the preceding sentence, it can be seen that the supplementary content is juxtaposed with the preceding sentence; According to the following information such as "runners began to use various high-tech products to track and analyze their running performance, from pace, distance to calorie consumption, all of which are within the scope of statistics", it can be seen that running has also become a sport that can be quantified and analyzed by scientific and technological means, so the supplementary content is "but a sport that uses high-tech analysis". Second, according to the last sentence "the importance of heart rate in running training cannot be ignored, it is one of the important indicators to measure exercise intensity...... it can be seen that here it is said that many runners ignore the key indicator of heart rate in running training, so the supplementary content is "many runners ignore the key indicator - heart rate". The third space, from the word "such as" in the sentence and the following "to maintain a mild to moderate intensity heart rate during exercise, is most conducive to fat burning." This is because in this heart rate zone, the body mainly uses oxidation of fat for energy, so as to achieve weight loss", it can be seen that this is for runners who aim to lose weight, so the text is added to "For runners who aim for weight loss".
4. Writing (60 points)
Read the material below and write as requested.
In the group study activity of the special topic of Chinese traditional culture in high school, everyone read the following sentences about "beginning" and "end" with emotion: "Things have a beginning and an end, and things have an end. ("Ten Thoughts of Emperor Taizong") "If you are cautious until the end, you will not fail" ("Lao Tzu" Chapter 4).
If you are one of the members of the group, what experience and perception do you have about the "beginning" and "end" of a thing? Please write an essay based on the materials as a result of your study, and talk about your understanding and thinking.
Requirements: choose the right angle, determine the idea, clarify the style, and draft the title; Don't copy, don't plagiarize; Do not divulge personal information; No less than 800 words.
【Examination】
This is a task-driven material essay question. The material gives a sentence about "beginning and end". All three of these sentences emphasize that everything has a whole time, and perseverance can only succeed in the end.
The text of "The Way of the University" believes that it is necessary to know the whole thing and know its order, so that it is close to the Tao. What is said in "Ten Thoughts of Emperor Taizong" is that from ancient times to the present, there are many people who can fulfill their duties, strictly demand and regulate themselves at the beginning of what they do, and they must do what they say and do, but there are very few people who can be consistent from beginning to end; The words of "Lao Tzu" Chapter 4 emphasize that if you can do things to the end and still be like the beginning, you will not fail. Therefore, when writing based on this material, you can think about the perspectives of how to achieve a good beginning and respect the end, whether a good starting point means that there must be a good end, and how to deal with the relationship between "beginning" and "end".
In this way, when writing this article, you can first refine the main idea of the article according to the material, start and finish, and always be able to achieve a meritorious deed and achieve your wishes; Then, the theoretical analysis is carried out around the proposed points of view combined with the materials, whether it is personal development or social progress, and the desired effect can be achieved consistently; Then, connect with life, connect with materials, explain the value of consistency and how to do it; Finally, the importance of handling the relationship between the beginning and the end is further elaborated from different perspectives.
【Intentions】
1. Consistency can achieve great beauty.
2. Start well and end well.
3. Be cautious and respect the spirit of the end.
Good beginning, respect for the end of the spirit
As the saying goes, "A good start is half the battle." "Thinking about it, what does the other half of success depend on? It should be a belief in success and consistent persistence. Only by standardizing actions with the idea of respecting the end with kindness, no matter what kind of things are done, can it be possible to achieve the desired goals.
From ancient times to the present, from the outside to the inside, whether it is the growth and development of the individual, or the construction and revitalization of the country, the reason why we can achieve a "win-win" is inseparable from the early design, the intensive cultivation of the process and the spirit of unswerving pursuit of results. It is to start the journey from a good starting point and work hard with the ideal results to achieve what you want. After planting the ideal seed of stepping on the "roof of the world" under their feet, they will nail their feet into the mountains step by step and fight against all kinds of hardships and hardships. With the perseverance and tenacity of "insisting on the green mountains and not relaxing, and establishing the roots in the broken rocks", and under the inspiration of the spirit of "the mountain is the highest place for man-made peaks, and the sea is the shore at the end", the distance with the sky is narrowed little by little. Because of taking every step consistently, not slacking off and not being discouraged, can we truly experience the grandeur of "being at the top of the mountain and seeing the mountains at a glance".
Mountaineering is like this, and the success and fame of those industry leaders and craftsmen also stem from the spirit of excellence and continuous innovation that they have always adhered to from setting sail to setting sail. Yuan Longping since the beginning of his determination to relieve the hunger of mankind, he completely handed himself over to hybrid rice, from the young man in his prime to the old man in good spirits, Yuan Lao almost stubbornly stuck to the kingdom of hybrid rice to fight, incinerating the sundial and the vultures in exchange for the yield of hybrid rice per mu to refresh history again and again. It is precisely because of this spirit of kindness and respect for the end that many people in the world who suffer from hunger have no worries about three meals a day.
Those who want to achieve great things must start well and finish well. A good start is important, but without consistent perseverance, it's hard to get a good result. Emperor Tang Ming became the beginning of a son of heaven, and worked hard to rejuvenate the Tang Dynasty. However, carried away by the short-term prosperity, he gradually gave up his original intention, greedy for sound and pleasure, and finally staged a historical tragedy from prosperity to decline. Imagine, if Tang Xuanzong could not change his original intention, abstain from extravagance and frugality, and accumulate his virtues, there would be no Anshi Rebellion, and the glory of the Tang Empire would continue.
At the juncture of great changes unseen in a century, there are both opportunities and challenges. If you want your ideal flower to bloom brilliantly, you must start and finish well, and take every step well. Only in this way can the beautiful picture scroll unfold layer by layer, and the beautiful vision can gradually become a reality in every step of the way.