At the Sanduao Yellow Croaker Breeding Base in Ningde City, workers are unloading fish on fishing boats.
During his work in Fujian, Comrade Xi Jinping stressed the need to "attach importance to the sea area as much as cultivated land, and grasp the development of the sea as much as grain production, and extend the tentacles of accelerating economic development from the land to the sea."
Last year, when General Secretary Xi Jinping visited Guangdong, he stressed the need to establish a big food concept, asking for food from both the land and the sea. Plough the sea, animal husbandry and fishery, and build sea ranches and "blue granaries".
As a major aquaculture province in China, Fujian has marched from the offshore to the deep sea, singing the "marine pastoral song", turning the deep and blue ocean into a "granary of Fuhai", and becoming a new maritime barrier to protect food security.
Nurture the hope of "core".
Filling the "blue granary" with improved seeds
In 2023, the aquaculture output of large yellow croaker in Ningde City will reach 213,000 tons, accounting for more than 80% of the country, and the output value of the whole industrial chain will exceed 20 billion yuan. From being endangered to firmly sitting on the top spot in marine fish farming, this fish "swims" back to the table, and it is inseparable from the revitalization of seedlings.
When he was working in Ningde, Comrade Xi Jinping promoted scientific research and solved the technical problems of artificial breeding of large yellow croaker. The older generation of scientific and technological workers, represented by Liu Jiafu, have broken through the artificial insemination and indoor seedling technology of large yellow croaker, and solved the problem of "no fish to eat". Today, focusing on "eating good fish", Xu Peng, professor of the School of Ocean and Earth Science of Xiamen University and director of the State Key Laboratory of Giant Yellow Croaker Breeding, led a team to promote breeding into the genomic era with the help of a new generation of genome sequencing technology and big data algorithms.
Since 2016, the laboratory has cooperated with Ningde Fufa Aquatic Products Co., Ltd. to jointly develop the "Ningxin" series of third-generation large yellow croaker genome breeding chips, which have achieved the accurate identification of massive genotypes, and have been promoted and applied in more than a dozen large yellow croaker breeding units across the country. "This has improved the accuracy and efficiency of the selection of new strains. Moreover, we have realized the complete localization of liquid-phase chips, which are independent and controllable, cost-effective. Xu Peng said.
The "white spot disease" of large yellow croaker is a parasitic disease caused by the stimulant cryptonucleus in seawater. The whole genome breeding method was used to significantly improve the survival rate of the offspring of the insect-resistant breeding line. In 2022, the new variety of "Fufa No. 1" large yellow croaker passed the examination and approval of the National Committee for the Examination and Approval of Original and Improved Aquatic Varieties.
Seed is the "chip" of aquaculture. At present, the province has more than 50 seed industry innovation advantage teams, more than 100 enterprises directly involved in the research and development of improved varieties, in recent years to cultivate 20 new varieties of aquatic products in the national examination, nearly 100 high-yield and stress-resistant aquatic excellent new strains, the coverage rate of the main breeding varieties of improved varieties increased to more than 70%.
At present, the province has built more than 40 aquatic seed farms and more than 2,600 seedling breeding farms above the provincial level, firmly guarding the "basic plate" for the supply of seedlings.
In 2023, Fujian will rank first in the scale of the seawater seed industry in the country, with an average annual breeding of nearly 2 trillion units of fish, shrimp, shellfish, algae and other seedlings. Among them, the output value of large yellow croaker seed is 237 million yuan, the output value of abalone seed is 2.858 billion yuan, the output value of oyster seed is 444 million yuan, and the output value of kelp seed is 125 million yuan.
In December 2021, our province fully completed the first national census of aquaculture germplasm resources, obtained 23,000 copies of aquaculture germplasm resources, and basically found out the family background of aquatic germplasm resources.
In June 2022, the "Eight Measures to Promote the High-quality Development of Aquatic Seed Industry" was promulgated, and the development of aquatic seed industry in our province entered an "acceleration period" of all-round promotion, and the modern aquatic seed industry system of "integration of breeding, breeding and promotion, and combination of production, education and research" was basically formed.
Fujian's seedlings are not only sown in the "granary of Fuhai", but also "swim" to all parts of the country, helping towns, villages and villagers to increase their income and become rich through the water aquaculture industry.
In addition to the traditional advantageous seedlings, Fujian will also look far, enlarge the footsteps, and continue to expand the high-quality "circle of friends" of seedlings.
Since the beginning of this year, Lianjiang has "frequent good news". After three years of experiments, the intermediate ball sea urchin has established a factory breeding technology system in Fujian and other southern regions, and explored the "north-south relay" breeding model from Lianjiang in Fujian Province to Rongcheng in Shandong, which has effectively improved the survival rate and quality of sea urchin seedlings.
Also bringing hope is the wakame "Haibao No. 1". At the beginning of March, its southward migration breeding test passed the on-site acceptance, and the specifications and quality have reached the commodity standard. As the second largest economic algae in the mainland, this marks the first time that Fujian has established the artificial cultivation technology and process of wakame, which is expected to become a "new force" in the aquaculture field of our province and create new growth points.
The improved varieties are constantly abundant, and the "blue granary" is becoming one of the "grain bags" with unlimited potential in Fujian. In 2023, the province's marine aquaculture output will be 5.798 million tons, ranking second in the country.
Go to the deep sea
Construction of Fujian characteristic "marine ranch"
The country's 14th Five-Year Plan clearly states that it is necessary to build marine ranches, develop sustainable distant-water fisheries, and build a modern marine industry system.
Going deeper and farther to the sea area is becoming a blue ocean for Fujian to cultivate the high-quality development of fisheries, and it is also a new driving force for building a "granary of Fuhai".
On the 8th, Lianjiang Coarse Lu Island, Fuzhou (Lianjiang) National Ocean Fishery Base core area home port wharf, base construction headquarters comprehensive coordination group leader He Zongwang said: "At present, the first phase of 3^#, 4^#2个万吨级泊位已经基本建设完成 is continuing to speed up 5^#, 6^#泊位建设进度, will be completed at the end of May, and will have customs clearance conditions within the year. ”
On January 26, 3^#泊位迎来首艘远洋渔船靠泊卸货, the ship "Fuyuanyu 8731" completed the temporary customs clearance of more than 700 tons of sardines, mackerel and other deep-sea fish, marking that the port area of the national deep-sea fishing base has entered the trial operation stage.
As the starting point of the mainland's distant-water fishery, after more than 30 years of hard work, Fujian currently has 27 distant-water fishery enterprises and more than 600 distant-water fishing vessels, and its comprehensive strength ranks among the top in the country. In recent years, the self-caught fish brought back to the deep-sea fishery in our province has been more than 400,000 tons per year. "After the completion of the first phase of the core area of the home port, it is expected that the annual throughput will be 600,000 tons, and the problem of difficult and slow customs clearance of aquatic products in Fujian Province, especially deep-sea fishery fishing aquatic products, will be solved." He Zongwang said.
Dozens of kilometers away, in the Dinghai Bay of Lianjiang Guantou, two breeding platforms with a length of 60 meters and a width of 32 meters float on the water. This is the deep-sea aquaculture platform "Dinghai Bay No. 1" and "Dinghai Bay No. 2" independently developed by Fujian Xinmao Fishery Development Co., Ltd.
"The water depth of the platform is 17 meters, the breeding water body is nearly 16,000 cubic meters, and the cultivated large yellow croaker is close to the wild state, and the quality is very good." Lu Tongfeng, general manager of the company, told reporters that the breeding platform is located at the mouth of the confluence of seawater and fresh water, which is not only rich in nutrients in the water, but also rarely has weather disasters, which is very suitable for breeding "wild" large yellow croaker.
At the same time, the monitoring system installed on the platform can transmit real-time images to mobile terminals through the network. "With the mobile phone APP, you can monitor the activities of the big yellow croaker in real time and find problems in time. Such a large platform only needs two or three people to manage, and the labor cost is greatly reduced. Lu Tongfeng said.
As the experimental field of the "100,000 tons" deep-sea aquaculture project, Dinghai Bay has attracted 11 deep-sea aquaculture platforms such as "Qiandong", "Dinghaiwan" and "Taiyu" to settle down, ranking first in the country in terms of the number of launches and production, and has become the largest marine smart ecological ranch in the country.
These "blue granaries" built with industrialized thinking represent the advanced level of aquaculture in the world today and help the transformation and upgrading of traditional fishing grounds in Lianjiang.
At present, a total of 18 deep-sea aquaculture platforms have been built in the sea areas of our province. Based on equipment and taking numbers as the soul, the deep-sea aquaculture platform has added new momentum to the development of "marine ranching" with Fujian characteristics.
To expand marine ranching, our province will also aim at the integrated development model of offshore wind power and marine ranching of "underwater aquaculture and water power generation".
In the national marine ranch demonstration area - Nanri Island in Putian, "fish farming with electricity" and "fishing and electricity farming" have become a reality. At the beginning of April, the world's first floating wind-fishery integration project, the "National Energy Sharing" platform, officially launched the fishery breeding program, and the first batch of 10,000 large yellow croakers was successfully stocked into the 10,000 cubic meters of underwater water body. It is understood that the annual power generation of the platform can reach 16 million kilowatt hours, which is equivalent to the annual electricity consumption of more than 6,000 ordinary households.
The whole industry "forge" the chain
The "Fuyu" brand is getting brighter and brighter
In Kasumigaura in May, the "hometown of Chinese kelp" ushered in the kelp harvest season. Walking into the live broadcast room of Yiyuan Marine Food Company, the anchor worked hard to promote various kelp products. In the knotting workshop downstairs in the live broadcast room, the eldest sisters flipped their fingers, twisted and cut, and the kelp strips became kelp knots of about 5 cm, piled up with small baskets.
Dried kelp, salted kelp silk, flakes, knots, lumps, heads, ready-to-eat kelp, chilled kelp seedlings...... In the Yiyuan product exhibition hall, there are a variety of kelp processed products. Not only is the kelp processed in different parts, but the kelp seedlings are also made into a sub-industry. Su Shaohua, chairman of the company, who has transformed from a "vegetable farmer", said: "Our kelp series products have six categories, with an annual processing and production capacity of more than 30,000 tons. "At present, in Taobao Tmall store, Yiyuan has achieved the first place in the kelp category, with annual sales of more than 30 million yuan.
The history of Yiyuan is the epitome of the development of Xiapu kelp and Fujian kelp industry. At present, the cultivated kelp in Xiapu County accounts for about 300,000 mu of sea area, with an output value of about 4 billion yuan.
This year, Yiyuan's new factory in Shajiang Town, Xiapu will be opened, and the processing capacity will reach a new level. As a leading enterprise integrating aquatic seedling, breeding, processing and sales, Yiyuan has driven more than 3,000 fishery farmers to increase their income with an integrated production, supply and marketing management system of "fishermen + base + company + market".
Eat "a kelp", "a fish", "a grain of abalone...... The output value of large yellow croaker, abalone and eel in the province has exceeded 20 billion yuan, and the output value of shrimp, oysters, kelp, seaweed, sea cucumber and other varieties has exceeded 10 billion yuan.
At present, there are more than 1,200 aquatic product processing enterprises in the province, including more than 400 enterprises above the designated size, with a total output of 3.98 million tons and an output value of 111 billion yuan, ranking second in the country, and surimi products and algae processed products ranking first in the country.
The province has cultivated three major aquatic product processing industrial clusters in southern Fujian, central Fujian and eastern Fujian, and formed aquatic product processing zones with their own characteristics and advantages, such as Dongshan, Longhai and Zhangpu crab meat, Fuqing prawn, Lianjiang kelp, Xiapu sea cucumber, Jinjiang seaweed, Ningde large yellow croaker, etc.
By creating a series of "Fuyu" brands such as "Fuyu", "Fubao", "Fueel", "Fushen" and "Fuzao", more and more high-quality Fujian aquatic products have "swam" on the tables of the people across the country.
There is still a lot of room and potential for improvement to ask for food from the ocean, and it is still necessary to continue to tap high-quality protein from the ocean with the wisdom of research and development and the power of science and technology to build a more high-quality and efficient "Fuhai granary".
Enhance the level of marine science and technology innovation. Our province has promoted the construction of a number of high-level sea-related innovation platforms such as Xiamen Southern Marine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Giant Yellow Croaker Breeding, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Marine Biological Seed Industry Technology, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Enhancement and High-value Utilization, and actively promoted the preparation for the construction of provincial innovation laboratories in the marine field, and strived to create a national laboratory in the marine field "Fujian Base". Xiamen Marine High-tech Industrial Park was officially approved to create a provincial-level high-tech zone.
Promote the industrialization of marine scientific and technological achievements. The Marine Biomedical Industry Innovation Alliance, the Marine and Fishery Equipment Industry Technology Innovation Alliance, and the Bay Aquaculture Facilities Upgrading and Transformation Technology Innovation Alliance actively guide the province's sea-related enterprises and institutions to make efforts in the same direction and gather scientific and technological innovation momentum.
With the accelerated rise of the "blue granary", the fishing song of "deep ploughing the blue sea, the future of animal husbandry and fishery" will surely be sung louder and louder. (Fujian Daily reporter Zhang Ying/Wen Shi Chenjing/Photo)
Source: Fujian Daily