#头条创作挑战赛#" One class retreats at the same time, and only kills the squad leader. One platoon retreats together, and only the platoon commander is killed. One retreats together, and only kills the company commander. One battalion retreated together, killing only the battalion commander. One regiment retreats together, and only the regiment commander is killed. One division retreated together, and only the division commander was killed. This is the "Law of Sitting in the Army" jointly issued by Lao Jiang and Liao Zhongkai during the Huangpu Military Academy.
Their original intention in formulating the law of joint sitting at that time was as follows: "The present army does not know moderation, so that the upper and lower levels are not connected, so that the former will die in vain without reward, and even if they want to reward it, there is no way to investigate it; The latter was born without punishment, and even if he wanted to punish him, there was no way to investigate. In the future, there will be moderation! ”
Li Mo'an, a first-term student of Huangpu, served as a division commander, army commander, corps commander (the 33rd Army Corps of the Jiang Army), commander-in-chief of the group army, and commander of the appeasement area. ”
Li Mo'an has witnessed or personally carried out many "joint sitting methods", whether in the warlord melee or during the Anti-Japanese War, there are many high-ranking officers who lost their lives under the joint sitting method, including Liu Zhi's nephew Liu Tianduo, during the Anti-Japanese War, a platoon commander who was afraid of the enemy like a tiger and escaped from the battle, was even executed - since Emperor Yongzheng abolished the punishment of beheading, the platoon commander may be one of the few people who have been beheaded.
Li Mo'an was one of the leaders of the telegram of the Hunan uprising on August 4, 1949, Chen Mingren (Li was not in Changsha at the time), and on August 13, Li Mo'an and 44 patriotic generals such as Huang Shaohong, Long Yun, Liu Fei, and Qin Yizhi issued a telegram on the uprising in Hong Kong - the leader of the telegram, He Yaozu, also served as the director of the Military Command Bureau with the rank of lieutenant general and general (Dai was only a deputy director until his death).
In 1990, Li Mo'an returned to China to settle down, and since June 1995, he has served as the president of the National Whampoa Military Academy Alumni Association, and his position in the Whampoa Alumni Association is higher than Liu Anguo's historical prototype Wen Qiang, who is the director of the National Whampoa Military Academy Alumni Association and the vice president of the Beijing Huangpu Military Academy Alumni Association.
A book of "The Walk of the Century: Memoirs of Li Hui'an" allows us to understand the exploits of Li Mo'an and Jiang Jun in the Anti-Japanese War, and at the same time, the book also records the severity of the "joint sitting method" and "waist beheading".
According to Li Mo'an's recollections: The method of sitting together was the most powerful discipline established by the Whampoa Military Academy, and under the effective and pioneering political work education and management of Director Zhou of the Political Department, the military discipline in the early days of the Whampoa Military Academy was very good. When the Whampoa Military Academy was crusading against the rebels Chen Jiongming, the commander of the third company of the first battalion of the first regiment fled and was captured and returned to the Whampoa Military Academy.
After serving as the president of the Whampoa Military Academy Alumni Association, Li Mo'an said: "From today's point of view, this kind of military method may not be scientific, but under the historical conditions at that time, it played an important role in establishing iron combat discipline for the army. ”
Readers may not know much about Li Mo'an, let's just say one thing to prove how old his qualifications are and how deep his background is: at that time, the first issue of Huangpu had the saying that "Wen has He Zhenhan, Wu has Hu Zongnan, and Wen and Wu Li Mo'an" said that in October 1925, Hou Jingru joined our party, and the introducer was Director Zhou and battalion commander Guo Jun of the Political Department of the First Army, and the party representative of the Third Regiment of the Third Division of the First Army at that time was Bao Huiseng (a major representative), and the secretary of the regimental party representative office was Li Mo'an.
During the Eastern Crusade, Li Mo'an was the party representative of the 60th Regiment of the First Army, and the two factions in the regiment often fought at that time: the most fierce ones were Li Zhilong and He Jinhan, Lao Jiang transferred these two back to the Whampoa Military Academy, and they continued to fight after they went back, making Li Mo'an one head and two big.
From 1929 to 1930, Li Mo'an participated in the Battle of Jiang Feng in the Central Plains as the commander of the 31st Brigade of Chen Cheng's 11th Division (the 11th Division of the 18th Army is the origin of the name of the civil engineering department).
Brigade commander Li Mo'an has a 61st Regiment under his command, and the commander of the 61st Regiment is Liu Tianduo of the second phase of Huangpu, Liu Tianduo is the nephew of Liu Zhi, one of the "Five Tiger Generals" of Lao Jiang.
Liu Zhi was later called the "pig general" and behaved very incompetently, but when he helped Lao Jiang clean up the warlords, he played quite well. At the time of Jiang Feng's war, Liu Zhi was already the commander-in-chief of the Second Army, and Chen Cheng's 11th Division belonged to Liu Zhi's troops.
Chen Cheng is Liu Zhi's subordinate, Liu Zhi's nephew is Li Mo'an's subordinate, Li Mo'an was seriously injured in that battle, was shot into the lower abdomen, the bullet passed through the unspeakable part, penetrated to the inside of the right leg, stuck in the middle of the femoral artery and tendon, was carried off the battlefield by the guards and sent to Shanghai for treatment, Liu Zhi's nephew was unlucky.
If Li Mo'an hadn't left the team with serious injuries, Liu Tianduo might not have been shot, in Li Mo'an's opinion, Liu Tianduo fought quite well, but he was careless and lost his position by Feng Jun's night attack.
In the end, Chen Cheng won the battle, and Li Mo'an was still thinking about his regiment commander Liu Tianduo in the hospital: "My life was saved, and that battle was also won, the problem is that there is Liu Tianduo who lost his position and retreated to survive, how to deal with him?" According to the 'joint sitting method', he was to be beheaded. Since I was hospitalized for treatment, I didn't have the energy to deal with it. By the time I was discharged from the hospital, Liu Tianduo had already been executed. ”
It was Chen Cheng who executed Liu Tianduo, whether Liu Zhi was so angry that he trembled, and whether Liu Zhi had fat at that time is unknown, but Chen Cheng and Liu Zhi were considered to have been settled, and later Chen Cheng was defeated in successive battles when he fought with the Red Army and the People's Liberation Army, Liu Zhi and Li Mo'an both believed that according to the "joint sitting method", Chen Cheng should also be shot: "According to the 'joint sitting method', he should be held responsible, however, Jiang did not do so." ”
The method of sitting together seems to be only good for middle and lower-level officers, Chen Cheng dared to kill Liu Zhi's nephew but refused to kill himself, and during his stay in the Northeast, he took the route of his wife to push Wei Lihuang out to clean up the mess for himself, so at that time, the high-level of Jiang Jun had the saying of "killing Chen Cheng to thank the world".
Li Mo'an failed to save Liu Tianduo's life, and another platoon commander fled without a fight during the Anti-Japanese War and was finally beheaded, and Li Mo'an also thought it was too much.
At the end of May 1932, Zhang Zhizhong concurrently served as the commander of the Fifth Army and led two divisions to Shanghai to resist the war, and Jiang Dingwen was the commander of the Second Army, leading his ninth division, Li Mo'an's 10th division, Zhao Guantao's 6th division, and Jiang Fusheng's 83rd division to Zhejiang to deploy defense.
At that time, Li Mo'an's 10th Division was defending Jiaxing, and Jiang Fusheng's 83rd Division was defending Xiapu, each building fortifications to meet the Japanese army, but a platoon commander of the 83rd Division heard that the Japanese army was fighting fiercely and was so frightened that he deserted.
After the platoon commander was captured, according to the "joint sitting method", he only needed to kill his head to escape from the battle, but before the battle began, his subordinates were deserters.
Li Mo'an recalled: "Beheading is an extremely cruel criminal law that is rarely used by the old army. Jiang Fusheng executed the platoon commander with such a cruel criminal law, which made the subordinate officers and soldiers shudder...... I have been in the Jiang army for 25 years, and this is the only case I have heard of the beheading. This is probably the last case of such a criminal law being implemented by the Chinese military. I don't think this kind of criminal law will ever happen again in the future."
According to Li Mo'an's recollections, the fleeing officer of the Jiang Army who was executed in the Anti-Japanese War was not only the platoon commander who was cut in half, but also in the Battle of Xinkou, Yan Shulin, the second battalion of the newly formed 4th Regiment of the 71st Division of the Jin Sui Army, was also shot dead by Chen Guangdou, the commander of the 202nd Brigade of the division because of the abandonment of the position. At that time, the superior had the power to the subordinate officials in the implementation of the 'joint sitting method', and there was no need to report to me, and I did not understand the situation over there. ”
Afraid of the Japanese invaders, fleeing from the battle, there will be no forgiveness, shooting deserters is the practice of Chiang's army, but beheading is extremely rare. In the later period, even sitting was useless - in the civil war, there were countless desertions among Jiang's officers and soldiers, surrendered before the battle, and even rebelled, and even Du Yuming, Qiu Qingquan, Li Mi and other ruthless characters turned a blind eye: It's okay to escape, just don't carry a gun!
How should Li Mo'an's recollection of the two "joint sitting" cases be evaluated, the author can't say much, and finally I can only ask the readers: In the foreign and internal wars, should deserters be treated differently? Chen Cheng killed others without blinking an eye, but why was he unwilling to bear the responsibility for the defeat himself?