The Zungar Banner is located in the bend of the Yellow River, the Yellow River flows through 5 towns and villages in the Banner Territory, with a total length of 238 kilometers, accounting for 28% of the Inner Mongolia section, and is also one of the more serious areas of soil erosion along the Yellow River. The total area of the flag is 7,692 square kilometers, and the arsenic sandstone area, which is known as the "cancer of the earth" by experts at home and abroad, covers an area of 5,807 square kilometers, accounting for 76.9% of the total area of the flag, of which the severely exposed area is 1,193 square kilometers, accounting for 15.8% of the total area of the flag.
Since the fifties and sixties of the 20th century, the Zhunger Banner has continued to control arsenic sandstone through the implementation of national soil and water conservation projects, ecological management of arsenic sandstone and sea buckthorn sand reduction, construction of silt dams on the Loess Plateau, and comprehensive treatment of small watersheds. At present, 61.8% of the arsenic sandstone land in the whole banner has been treated. In the arsenic sandstone bare area is more concentrated in the warm water township, the loess, farmhouse fertilizer and arsenic sandstone are mixed with arsenic sandstone to plant apple trees, the whole township planted 2,700 acres of apple trees, last year's output reached 3.2 million catties, and the average annual income of nearly 100 fruit farmers reached more than 100,000 yuan.
The Jungger Banner belongs to the arid and semi-arid areas in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, with serious soil erosion and prominent contradictions between water and sediment, and sand control has become the primary task of the Yellow River. Since 1983, the Zhunger Banner has been continuously implementing the national key construction projects of soil and water conservation. Since 2000, a total of 2.63 billion yuan has been invested in ecological funds, 6.41 million mu of forest and grass construction has been completed, the forest coverage rate of the whole banner has increased from 8.4% to 36.38%, and the vegetation coverage has increased from 16.6% to 76.2%. 61 kilometers of third-level standard embankments, more than 800 silt dams, and more than 2,000 sand dams have been built on the Yellow River, and 2.21 million mu of comprehensive soil and water conservation treatment has been completed, effectively curbing sand hazards and soil erosion, and 62 sand dams in the Huangfuchuan River Basin and Kuye River Basin will be built in 2023. The mud and sand stopped, the mountains turned green, and a bay of clear water appeared in Jungar.
The Kubuqi Desert stretches for 922 square kilometers (1.38 million mu) in the territory of the Junggar Banner, accounting for 12% of the total land area of the whole banner. In 2023, a total of 30.25 million yuan will be invested in Zhungerqi Banner to comprehensively promote the comprehensive management of the Kubuqi Desert, and at the same time implement the 4 million kilowatt new energy project in the Kubuqi Desert, and vigorously promote the development model of "photovoltaic + sand control + agriculture and forestry + tourism" and "on-board power generation and off-board planting". In 2023, the comprehensive treatment project of soil and water conservation in the ecological clean watershed of the Trench River will be approved to add 3,000 hectares of soil erosion control area (2,013.85 hectares of ecological and natural restoration area and 986.15 hectares of comprehensive treatment area), with an approved investment of 15 million yuan, which has been fully completed. The construction of the Bourtaohai ecological water source project has been completed, and the surrounding water conservation has been increasing, and an ecological pattern of sand and water connection has been gradually formed.
Ruddy Shelduck check-in mining area
In recent years, Zhungeer Banner has taken multiple measures to promote the construction of green mines with high quality, and has achieved remarkable results. Every year in the early spring, the cute "little guest" Ruddy Shelduck will go to the green mine of Jungger Banner on time to "check in".
As the village-level river chief of the Jungger Banner section of the Yellow River, Qiao Xu, deputy secretary of the party branch of Xiaotanzi Village, inspects the river twice a month. In recent years, he has found that the number of migratory birds coming here to rest and transit has increased significantly, "There are more trees, the grass is greener, and the number of migratory birds crossing the border is also increasing, which proves that our ecological environment has improved." Xue Yong, director of the Nature Reserve and Wildlife Conservation and Management Station of the Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Zhunger Banner, said that now, more than 200 species of perching birds have been attracted to the cities and towns of Twelve Liancheng Township, Dalu Town, Longkou Town and other places on the banks of the Yellow River, and have become an ideal migration, breeding and habitat for migratory birds, including white swans, ruddy shelducks, gray cranes and other national second-class protected animals.
The land greening promotion action promotes the construction of ecological vegetation at a high level. In 2023, 287,500 mu of ecological vegetation construction will be completed, including 142,500 mu of forestry ecological construction and 145,000 mu of grassland ecological construction, an increase of 31.2% over the previous year. Voluntary tree planting for the whole people to expand the area and improve the quality. In 2023, the forestry and grassland system will organize 16 voluntary tree-planting activities for the whole people, and complete the voluntary planting of 1.5 million trees. Create the "Xingfu" Jungger project and establish the image of "one thing, one model". According to the "Three-year Action Plan for the Development of Forest Fruit Industry in Zhunger Banner (2023-2025)" document, more than 4,000 yuan will be invested in 2023 to complete the construction of 92,800 mu of economic forests through the mode of linking with the interests of the people. By the end of the year, 930,000 acres of sea buckthorn, 900,000 acres of apricots, more than 30,000 acres of apples, and more than 30,000 acres of pears, peaches, plums and red dates had been planted in the whole banner, taking the lead in completing the goal of one million acres of economic forests in the whole region.
In July 2023, Juhetan Village, located in the northern part of the Yellow River, introduced a Penaeus vannamei shrimp farming project, with a total of 1.2 million shrimp seedlings in the first batch. The project has achieved a win-win situation of demonstrating and driving the development of the saline-alkali land fishery industry and the improvement of the saline-alkali land in the surrounding areas, so that the villagers can increase their income. The implementation of intensive aquaculture on saline-alkali land and the addition of industrial chain on the basis of traditional aquaculture are in line with the industrial development prospect of "changing alkali from fishing" in Juhetan Village.
Yellow River Rice and Fishery Ecological Sightseeing Park, Xiaotanzi Village, Dalu Town
In the Yellow River Rice and Fishery Ecological Sightseeing Park in Xiaotanzi Village, Dalu Town, small fish and small crabs shuttle between rice seedlings, and the scene of "rice, crab and fish symbiosis" is unforgettable for tourists. However, in the past, it was heavily saline-alkali land that had been abandoned for many years. Qiao Sheng, deputy general manager of the Yellow River Rice and Fishery Ecological Tourism Park, said: "Through the transformation, the park has completed a high-standard farmland infrastructure project, with an annual output of about 650,000 catties of rice, about 80,000 catties of fish, and about 10,000 catties of crabs. ”
In October 2023, 14,200 acres of alfalfa and oat grass along the Yellow River in Twelve Liancheng Township and Dalu Town of Zhunger Banner ushered in the harvest season. In order to promote the ecological protection of the Yellow River Basin, Zhungerqi Mining Area Ecological Construction and Development Co., Ltd. will take "one thing, one example" as the starting point, and from 2023, 14,200 mu of farmers' land will be transferred to farmers to plant pasture grass in the areas where tall straw crops are prohibited along the Yellow River in Twelve Liancheng Township and Dalu Town, so as to reduce the wind speed in the beach area, reduce wind erosion, improve the soil environment, promote the virtuous cycle of the ecological environment in the demonstration area, and improve the ability to resist natural disasters.
Nowadays, walking on both sides of the Jungger section of the Yellow River, a new answer sheet for the Yellow River's "several bends" of beautiful scenery, people's wealth and industrial prosperity is slowly unfolding.